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This study examined the plexus lumbalis and its branches in the sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus). Fifteen sparrowhawks were used in this study. After administering an anaesthetic to the birds, the body cavities were opened. The birds were fixed with formaldehyde after draining of the blood. The nerves of the plexus lumbalis were dissected separately and photographed. The plexus lumbalis was formed by the union of the branches of the synsacral spinal nerves, which left from the ventrolaterale of os lumbosacrale. The plexus consisted of three (2nd, 3rd and 4th) synsacral spinal nerves. The cranial and caudal nerves originating from the plexus lumbalis were the nervus cutaneous femoris, nervus coxalis cranialis, nervus femoralis, nervus saphenus and nervus obturatorius. The general macroanatomical shape of the plexus lumbalis and the distribution of the nerves originating from this plexus were similar to those of other bird species. 相似文献
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The prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis infection was evaluated in stray dogs of Erzurum, Turkey. A total of 123 whole-blood and 93 sera samples were collected from stray dogs older than 6 months were lived in animal shelter. The PCR and direct microscopic examinations were used for the detection of microfilaria and indirect-ELISA was performed for the detection of anti-D. immitis antibodies. The prevalence of D. immitis in the canine population was 8.1% by PCR, 2.1% by ELISA. In addition, microfilaria burdens of Dirofilaria sp. was 4.8% by direct blood smear examination. There was a statistical difference (P=0.05) in the prevalence between males (10.5%) and females (2.3%) by direct blood smear examination. Similarly there was a statistical difference (P<0.05) in the prevalence between males (15.8%) and females (4.7%) by PCR. Dogs belonging to the 0.5-1 years old group showed the highest prevalence than 2-4 ages group with three tests. Among the 93 samples screened by the ELISA, two samples were positive for the D. immitis antibodies. Both positive dogs with ELISA were females. 相似文献
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Prevalence and molecular characterization of bovine coenurosis from Eastern Anatolian region of Turkey 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of Coenurus cerebralis, the metacestode of Taenia multiceps in cattle from Erzurum province located in eastern region of Turkey between November 2009 and April 2010. Five of 1045 brains of cattle (0.47%) were found to be infected with Coenurus cysts. The characteristics and morphology of C. cerebralis were seen in all the cysts. The cyts from three infected cattle were genetically analyzed and confirmed to be T. multiceps metacestodes by NAD1 and COX1 mitochondrial gene sequence analysis. Pairwise comparison between the NAD1 sequences of the T. multiceps isolates from Erzurum and other T. multiceps isolates available in GenBank showed differences ranging from 0.6 to 2.9%, while COX1 sequences showed differences ranging from 0.2 to 2.6%. Considering the two genes, it was seen that all of the three isolates from Erzurum province were in the same group according to phylogenetic analyses. The present findings could provide a stimulus for future studies on the systematic relationships and epidemiology of lesser-known taeniid cestodes in the region, employing mitochondrial sequence data sets. 相似文献
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Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by hydatid cysts, is a widespread and hazardous disease in humans and animals worldwide. The aim of the current study was to investigate the genetic characteristics of sheep and cattle isolates of Echinococcus granulosus obtained from eastern Turkey using Single Stranded Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) analysis and conventional PCR method. A total of 54 isolates collected from Erzurum and Elazig provinces of east-Turkey were examined. The 31 of these were obtained from liver of sheep while 23 cattle isolates (12 of liver and 11 of lung) were tested. After the total genomic DNA isolation 12S rRNA gene of all isolates were examined by PCR for the aim of genetic characterization by conventional PCR and mitochondrial CO1 gene for SSCP analysis. The 12S rRNA-PCR yielded 254 bp of amplification product with all samples analyzed. Thus, these samples were identified as G1-G3 cluster (E. granulosus sensu stricto). At least two major single stranded bands were resolved for G1-G3 cluster and G5 in SSCP analysis. While the resolution of more than two additional single stranded bands in SSCP indicated the existence of G7 genotype. The SSCP analysis was identified the G5 and G7 while failed to G1 and G3. The present SSCP analysis classified all 54 cyst isolates from sheep and cattle as E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1-G3 cluster). However, some sequenced samples for G1 and G3 showed the same band patterns by SSCP. 相似文献
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Efficacy of eprinomectin against <Emphasis Type="Italic">Toxocara vitulorum</Emphasis> in calves 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This study was made to investigate efficacy of eprinomectin pour-on against to Toxocara vitulorum in calves. In the study, 16 calves naturally infected with T. vitulorum were divided into two groups as treatment (eight calves) and control (eight calves). Eprinomectin (0.5 mg/kg, Eprinex®, Merial) was given to treatment group calves, and eggs per gramme were determined in the faeces on the day of pre-treatment and the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, 14th and 28th days of post-treatment. No side effects associated with nervous, respiratory and gastrointestinal systems were observed. In conclusion, eprinomectin was determined to be 100% effective against T. vitulorum. This is the first study to evaluate the efficacy of eprinomectin against a natural T. vitulorum infection in calves. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to evaluate several selected Cucurbita genotypes for their salt resistance in a rootstock breeding program for grafted watermelon seedling production. Specifically, changes in the relative water content (RWC), leaf area (LA), total chlorophyll content (TCC) and proline concentration (PC) of a commercial cultivar (G32 code), two promising winter squash (G12 and G13 of Cucurbita maxima Duch.) lines, six pumpkin (G3, G27, G28, G29, G30 and G31 of Cucurbita moschata Duch.) lines, and four C. maxima?×?C. mochata hybrids (G14, G15, G40 and G42), were investigated with a control treatment and four levels of salt stress (4, 8, 12 and 16?dS/m). In this study, Cucurbita cultivars which showed significant differences according to RWC, LA, TCC and PC at least significant difference (LSD) tests (P?<?0.05) and had salinity sensitivity index (SSI) value lower than 20%, were assessed as salt tolerant genotypes. The salt tolerant genotypes were grouped with principal component analysis (PCA) in each salt level. At the end of the study, all genotypes for all characteristics were generally tolerant at 4?dS/m salinity level. The G3, G12, G13, G14, G29 and G42 genotypes were resistant at 8?dS/m salinity, while the G15, G31, G32 and G40 were the most resistant genotypes at 12 and 16?dS/m. In conclusion, the selection of more salt resistant cultivars in rootstock breeding programs should be a priority to maintain growth performance in saline environments.
相似文献7.
Antigen B (AgB) is a major protein produced by the metacestode cyst of Echinococcus granulosus, the causative agent of cystic hydatid disease. E. granulosus AgB is a gene family of at least five gene loci (B1-B5), each one consisting of several minor variants. We used PCR-SSCP followed by DNA sequencing to evaluate sequence variation and polymorphism of AgB1 in 99 isolates which the 43 were from cattle, 25 of sheep and 31 of human. All samples were analyzed with 12S rRNA-PCR for the strain detection and all of were identified as G1-G3 cluster (E. granulosus sensu stricto). The 16 human, 35 cattle and 25 sheep isolates were yielded the 102 bp band by PCR and these samples were tested by SSCP. As results of the SSCP, different band profiles were detected one each of cattle and human isolates while the other 74 isolates showed same band patterns. The DNA sequence analysis was performed for these two isolates and the other selected 4 isolates and polymorphism was confirmed. 相似文献
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This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of ivermectin (IVM), doramectin (DRM), and moxidectin (MXD) against Toxocara vitulorum in calves. In the study, 20 calves naturally infected with T. vitulorum were divided into four groups: three different treatment groups (n?=?5) and one positive control (n?=?5). The animals in each group received either IVM (Baymec®, Bayer), DRM (Dectomax®, Pfizer), or MXD (Cydectin®, Fort Dodge) by subcutaneous injection at a single dose of 0.2 mg/kg. Fecal egg counts were performed on all animals on days 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 post-treatment. In conclusion, IVM, DRM, and MXD significantly reduced the fecal egg counts on day 8 post-treatment (99.90%, 98.77%, and 99.57%, respectively). After the 12th day, IVM, DRM, and MXD were found to be 100% effective. There was no significant difference in efficacy between the three treatment groups at any of the sampling dates (P?>?0.05). No side effects associated with nervous, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systems were observed. This is the first study to evaluate the comparative efficacy of subcutaneous administration of ivermectin, doramectin, and moxidectin against naturally infected T. vitulorum in calves. 相似文献
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