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1.
Harada Kousuke Kato Yuria Takahashi Jun Imamura Hiyoko Nakamura Natsume Nishina Atsuyoshi Phay Nyunt Tadaishi Miki Shimizu Makoto Kobayashi-Hattori Kazuo 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(1):103-109
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ and its endocrine function is closely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Valeriana officinalis (Valerian) exerts some... 相似文献
2.
ABSTRACT: The microstructure of extruded pellets (EP) for fish under various extrusion cooking temperatures was studied by using a twin-shaft extruder. As the extrusion cooking temperature increased, the expansion rate increased and the bulk density of EP decreased. The liquefaction of the material started because of the increase in inner material temperature, the decrease in inner material pressure, and the decrease in main motor amperage. Thus, the microstructure of EP changed depending on the extrusion cooking conditions, that is, the extrusion cooking temperature effected greatly the liquefaction of the material. Generally, when the extrusion cooking temperature increased, the expansion rate increased, but a suitable temperature was found for a maximum expansion rate. The microstructure of the EP was caused by the liquefaction of the material and the microstructure effects on the function of EP. For example, the water holding capacity was affected by the inner bubble structure of an EP. These functions affect the character of the feed. EP produced under suitable conditions can have additional functions for feed. 相似文献
3.
ABSTRACT: The depletion of ascorbic acid derivatives in fish feed during the feed processing (extrusion cooking and drying) was studied at five extrusion cooking temperatures and at 85°C for 2 h dryer processing temperature. Three ascorbic acid derivatives were used: L-ascorbyl-2-mono-phosphate Mg (APM), L-ascorbic acid sodium (AAS) and L-ascorbic acid palmitic acid ester (AAP). Samples were collected after drying and ascorbic acid derivatives losses evaluated. APM was found to be quiet stable with an average retention of 88%, but AAS and AAP were unstable and the depletion was very high. 相似文献
4.
Masahiro Natsume Asaho Nagagata Marja Aittamaa Naoko Okaniwa Panu Somervuo Hans-Peter Fiedler Jan F. Kreuze Veli-Matti Rokka Hans Bång Hiroshi Kawaide Jari P. T. Valkonen 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2018,84(2):108-117
Streptomyces spp. are a highly diverse group of bacteria most of which are soil-inhabiting saprophytes. A few are plant pathogens that produce a family of phytotoxins called thaxtomins and cause significant economic losses, e.g., by reducing the marketability of potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum). In northern Europe, S. scabies, S. turgidiscabies and S. europaeiscabiei are the most common plant pathogenic species. In this study, a Streptomyces strain isolated from a netted scab lesion on a tuber of potato cv. Bintje in northern Sweden was identified as S. turgidiscabies but was found to differ in the genomic region carrying genes required for thaxtomin biosynthesis. Our results showed that the strain did not produce thaxtomin but rather phytotoxin fridamycin E, which is an anthraquinone novel to plant pathogenic Streptomyces spp. Fridamycin E was shown to reduce or inhibit sprouting of potato microtubers in vitro. While fridamycin E is known to have antibiotic activity against Gram-positive bacteria, the inhibitory activity of fridamycin E on plant growth is a novel finding. 相似文献
5.
Masahiro Natsume Nobuya Tashiro Akio Doi Yatsuka Nishi Hiroshi Kawaide 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2017,83(2):78-82
Streptomyces scabies, causative agent of common scab of potato, produces the phytotoxins concanamycin and thaxtomin. In a potato tuber slice assay to study the contribution of concanamycins to lesion development, concanamycin A had weak necrosis-inducing activities; >10× the amount of thaxtomin A was needed to produce equivalent lesion severity. Concanamycins were detected in tubers inoculated with S. scabies, which caused deep-pitted lesions but not in those inoculated with Streptomyces acidiscabies, which caused corky, raised lesions. In field-grown, diseased potatoes, concanamycin content tended to be higher in tubers with deep-pitted lesions than in those with corky, raised lesions. 相似文献
6.
Masahiro Natsume Mayumi Komiya Fumie Koyanagi Nobuya Tashiro Hiroshi Kawaide Hiroshi Abe 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(5):364-369
A phytotoxin isolated from the Stretomyces sp. causing potato russet scab in Japan (Kamenoko-byo in Japanese) was identified as a 16-membered macrolide, FD-891. It induced necrosis in potato tuber slices above 50 µg/disk, which is about 1/100 the activity of thaxtomin A. The phytotoxin was detected in potatoes infected by the pathogen and was produced by other pathogenic strains with different geographic origins. 相似文献
7.
Iida Y Oh KB Saito M Matsuoka H Kurata H Natsume M Abe H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1999,47(2):584-587
Antifungal activity was detected from Anemarrhena asphodeloides by the Bio-Cell Tracer (BCT) method. An active fraction was separated by silica gel column chromatography and reverse-phase HPLC. The molecular weight was determined by GC-MS, and the molecular structure was analyzed by IR, (1)H NMR, and (13)C NMR. The isolated compound was found to be identical to nyasol, (Z)-1, 3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene, which formerly appeared in the literature without any remark on the antifungal activity. This compound showed antimicrobial activity against 38 strains of fungi and five strains of bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranged from 12.5 to 200 microg mL(-)(1), except for two strains based on the broth dilution method. 相似文献
8.
Yasuda A Natsume M Osakabe N Kawahata K Koga J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(4):1470-1476
Cocoa powder is rich in polyphenols, such as catechins and procyanidins, and has been shown to inhibit low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and atherogenesis in a variety of models. Human studies have also shown daily intake of cocoa increases plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and decreases LDL levels. However, the mechanisms responsible for these effects of cocoa on cholesterol metabolism have yet to be fully elucidated. The present study investigated the effects of cacao polyphenols on the production of apolipoproteins A1 and B in human hepatoma HepG2 and intestinal Caco2 cell lines. The cultured HepG2 cells or Caco2 cells were incubated for 24 h in the presence of cacao polyphenols such as (-)-epicatechin, (+)-catechin, procyanidin B2, procyanidin C1, and cinnamtannin A2. The concentration of apolipoproteins in the cell culture media was quantified using an enzyme-linked immunoassay, and the mRNA expression was quantified by RT-PCR. Cacao polyphenols increased apolipoprotein A1 protein levels and mRNA expression, even though apolipoprotein B protein and the mRNA expression were slightly decreased in both HepG2 cells and Caco2 cells. In addition, cacao polyphenols increased sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) and activated LDL receptors in HepG2 cells. These results suggest that cacao polyphenols may increase the production of mature form SREBPs and LDL receptor activity, thereby increasing ApoA1 and decreasing ApoB levels. These results elucidate a novel mechanism by which HDL cholesterol levels become elevated with daily cocoa intake. 相似文献
9.
Hajime Nagahata Takuma Mukai Yo Natsume Miyuki Okuda Tatsuya Ando Keiichi Hisaeda Satoshi Gondaira Hidetoshi Higuchi 《Animal Science Journal》2020,91(1)
The present study assessed the effects of intramammary infusion of Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve) on mastitis‐causing pathogens and on the somatic cell counts (SCC) in lactating cows with chronic subclinical mastitis. The bacteriological cure rates of 42 quarters from 42 cows infected with Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium bovis, coagulase‐negative staphylococci, and environmental streptococci were 18.2% (2/11), 14.3% (1/7), 58.8% (10/17), and 28.6% (2/7), respectively, on day 14 after B. breve infusion. In a second trial, B. breve was infused into 18 quarters from 18 cows with chronic subclinical mastitis from which pathogens had not been isolated; the rates of quarters showing SCC > 50 × 104 cells/ml prior to B. breve infusion that decreased to < 30 × 104 cells/ml after infusion were significantly (p < .01) increased to 61.1% (11/18) on day 14 compared to that prior to infusion (0/18). The intramammary infusion of B. breve appears to be a non‐antibiotic approach for elimination of minor pathogens and decreasing SCC in quarters with chronic subclinical mastitis in dairy cows. 相似文献
10.
Bunji Yoshitomi Masatoshi Aoki Kazuhiko Hata 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,261(1):440-446
We studied partial replacement of fish meal (FM) by krill meal (KM) and how fluoride from KM enriched-muscles and bones of rainbow trout reared in freshwater affected these fish. Diets that replaced FM with KM at proportions of 0, 7, 15 and 30% (control, KM7, KM15, and KM30) were fed to groups of rainbow trout for 92 days and growth was observed. In fish fed KM7 and KM15, weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI) and specific growth rate (SGR) were unchanged compared with fish fed the control diet, but in fish fed KM30, WG, FI and SGR significantly decreased. After the experiment, fluoride concentration in dorsal muscles of each experimental group was below the detected limit (1 mg/kg), but in vertebral bones, the fluoride concentration increased with each increase in KM inclusion in the diets: 490 mg/kg (control), 755 mg/kg (KM7), 1100 mg/kg (KM15), and 2400 mg/kg (KM30). Tissue specimens of liver of each experimental group had no histopathological changes. Therefore, accumulation of fluoride in vertebral bones apparently adversely affected growth of the vertebral bones thus affecting the growth performance as shown by the decrease in WG, FI and SGR. 相似文献