Surgical treatment of dorsal cortical fractures of the third metacarpal bone in thoroughbred racehorses: 53 cases (1985-1989).     

C Cervantes  J B Madison  N Ackerman  W O Reed 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1992,200(12):1997-2000

Between January 1985 and May 1989, 53 Thoroughbred horses (mean age 3.2 years) were surgically treated for dorsal cortical fractures of the third metacarpal bone (MC III). All horses were treated with cortical drilling through the fracture line (osteostixis). Diagnosis of the fractures was confirmed by xeroradiography. Lifetime racing records were obtained for all horses. Forty-seven horses returned to racing after surgery (89%). The mean time between surgery and the first race was 6.8 months. Horses had a mean of 10.9 starts before surgery and 16.1 starts after surgery. The mean earnings per start before surgery was $6,459 and after surgery was $5,685. Of the 47 horses that raced after surgery, 70% raced at the same class or improved. Complications related to surgery were seen in 10 horses. Two horses had a second fracture of MC III at the same site, and were again treated by osteostixis, after which both horses returned to competition. Fractured drill bits were left in the MC III of 4 horses. One of these horses had catastrophic failure of MC III. Two horses developed subcutaneous infections and 2 horses had catastrophic failure of MC III in the surgically treated limb. Osteostixis appears to be an effective treatment for returning horses affected with dorsal cortical fractures to racing.  相似文献   

Feeding Frequency Affects Growth, Not Fillet Composition, of Juvenile Sunshine Bass Morone chrysops×M. saxatilis Grown in Cages     

Carl D.  Webster  Kenneth R.  Thompson  Ann M.  Morgan  Ebony J.  Grisby Siddhartha  Dasgupta 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2001,32(1):79-88

Abstract.— In an effort to feed sunshine bass Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis efficiently, promote optimal growth, and reduce labor costs associated with feeding, sunshine bass were grown in cages and fed one of four feeding frequencies: once/d, twice/d, once every other day (I X/EOD), and twice every other day (2X/EOD) for 21 wk. Juvenile sunshine bass were fed a commercial floating diet containing 40% protein and 11.5% lipid. One hundred fish were hand-counted and stocked into each of 12 3.5-m³ cages with three replications per treatment. At the conclusion of the study, percentage weight gain of sunshine bass fed twice/d was significantly (P < 0.05) higher (1,850%) compared to fish fed all other feeding frequencies. Specific growth rate (SGR) of fish fed twice/d was significantly higher (2.1%/d) compared to fish fed all other feeding regimes, while fish fed once/d had a higher SGR (2.0%/d) compared to fish fed I X/EOD (1.6%/d) and 2X/EOD (1.8%/d). Percentage survival was not significantly different (P > 0.05) among all treatments and averaged 70.4%r. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of fish fed twice/d was significantly higher (2.40) compared to fish fed all other feeding regimes. Percentage fillet weight of fish fed twice/d was significantly higher (27.8%) compared to all other treatments. Percentage moisture, protein, lipid, and ash in fillet were not significantly different among all treatments and averaged 75.7%, 19.4%, 3.5%, and 1.2%n, respectively (wet-weight basis). Based upon data from the present study, it appears that producers growing juvenile sunshine bass in cages may want to feed fish twice daily. This feeding regimen allows for higher growth rates, without adverse effects on body or fillet compositions. However, economic analysis needs to be conducted to determine if feeding twice/d is profitable.  相似文献   

Additional diagnostic procedures     

S M Reed  J T Robertson 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》1991,7(1):197-199

This article reviews recent diagnostic procedures that have arisen over the last 10 years. Videoendoscopy of horses on a high-speed treadmill allows observation of some of the changes that take place in a horse's airway during exercise. Measurements of upper airway airflows and transupper airway pressure, the use of an esophageal balloon and a Ventigraph to measure changes in pleural pressure, and pulmonary function testing are new techniques that aid the researcher in understanding the mechanics and pathologic characteristics of airway diseases and help the practitioner in assessing the severity of a problem, measuring response to therapy, and accurately determining a prognosis.  相似文献   

Acknowledgments     

Dr. Carl C. Trettin  Dr. W. Michael Aust  Dr. Joe Wisniewski 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1994,77(3-4):xi-xi

  相似文献   

Change in spatial characteristics of forest openings in the Klamath Mountains of northwestern California,USA   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Carl N. Skinner 《Landscape Ecology》1995,10(4):219-228

Change in the spatial characteristics of forest openings was investigated in three forested watersheds in north-western Siskiyou County, California totalling approximately 24,600 hectares. Watersheds with minimal human disturbance were chosen for study. However, fire suppression has been pervasive throughout. Characteristics of forest openings (area, perimeter, distance between neighboring openings) were measured on aerial photographs taken 41 years apart. An index of regional form was determined for the landscape. Shape complexity for each opening was calculated using two indices based upon fractals. Significant differences were found using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov two-sample test between the perimeters, areas, distance from sample point to nearest opening, and distance between neighboring openings. The perimeters and areas became smaller, and the distances from the sample point to the nearest opening and between neighboring openings became greater over the 41 years between aerial photo sets. The estimated area occupied by openings decreased from 25.8 % to 15.6 % of the study area. No significant difference was found in the shape of the openings except as the shape indices were influenced by changes in size of the openings.This article was written and prepared by U.S. Government employees on official time, and it is therefore in the public domain and not subject to copyright.  相似文献   

A review of the experimental use of antimicrobial agents in the treatment of periodontitis and gingivitis in the dog          下载免费PDF全文

Reed JH 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(9):705-708

Tetracycline, metronidazole, and chlorhexidine have been tested for their effectiveness in the treatment of periodontitis in dogs under experimental conditions. Tetracycline has been effective in reducing bone resorption in dogs with periodontitis when used in the long-term. When used for short times, it can result in reduction of the numbers of microorganisms that are associated with disease. Tetracycline can inhibit the activity of mammalian collagenase thought responsible for the destruction of alveolar bone and it may be capable of inhibiting the adherence of microorganisms and thus preventing infection. In some experiments, metronidazole was more effective than tetracycline in eliminating spirochetes from the periodontal flora, and it has been found effective in preventing the inflammation and the development of the bacterial flora usually associated with the natural accumulation of plaque. Chlorhexidine (0.2% aqueous solution) has been found effective in preventing the normal progression of periodontal disease when used as a spray for the long-term treatment of dogs. It could prove to be as effective as brushing for the long-term control of periodontitis in the dog. Limited information is available on the use of clindamycin, spiramycin, and vancomycin.  相似文献   

Bovine abortion associated with mixed Movar 33/63 type herpesvirus and bovine viral diarrhea virus infection.     

D E Reed  T J Langpap  M E Bergeland 《The Cornell veterinarian》1979,69(1):54-66

A herpesvirus and cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus were isolated from a bovine fetus aborted in the 6th month of gestation. The herpesvirus was serologically indistinguishable from bovine herpesviruses DN-599 and Movar 33/63.  相似文献   

Experimental infection of eastern cottontail rabbits Sylvilagus floridanus) with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus.     

H W Lupton  D E Reed 《American journal of veterinary research》1979,40(9):1329-1331

Experimental infection of eastern cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus caused acute keratoconjunctivitis and a fatal systemic infection. The clinical syndrome was characterized initially by blepharospasm and ocular discharge. The rabbits were markedly depressed on post-exposure day (PED) 5 and were dead or moribund on PED 6. The virus was readily recovered from liver and adrenal gland tissue on PED 6 and from conjunctival swabs on PED 1 to 6. Histopathologic studies revealed a few necrotic foci in the liver and multiple focal to diffuse necrosis of the adrenal glands. Viral isolation and immunofluorescence tests were used to demonstrate a direct association between infectious bovine rhinotracheitis viral antigens and the lesions.  相似文献   

Determination of uric acid in canine serum and urine by high performance liquid chromatography     

Felice LJ  Dombrovskis D  Lafond E  Bartges J  Osborne CA 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1990,19(3):86-89

A reproducible high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for analysis of uric acid in canine serum and urine. The method consists of precipitating serum proteins with phosphotungstic acid prior to HPLC analysis. Urine is analyzed after dilution with buffer. Chromatography is performed on a reversed-phase C-18 column with UV detection at 292 nm. Sensitivity of the method will allow reproducible measurement of uric acid at concentrations of 0.05 mg/dl in serum and 0.1 mg/dl in urine. The HPLC method has been used to quantify hundreds of canine serum and urine samples. The method is superior to UV absorption or colorimetric methods because its lower limit of detection allows measurement of uric acid at concentrations found in canine serum and urine.  相似文献   

Isolation of bovine adenovirus type 7 from calves with pneumonia and enteritis.     

D E Reed  J G Wheeler  H W Lupton 《American journal of veterinary research》1978,39(12):1968-1971

Bovine adenovirus type 7 was isolated from a 10-month-old calf with fibrinopurulent pneumonia and from 2 newborn calves with pneumoenteritis. The viruses were isolated on calf lung and adrenal gland cell cultures and were identified as serotype 7 by immunoelectron microscopy and serum-neutralization tests.  相似文献