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Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Serological and molecular methods were compared for the detection of Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) in gladiolus plants. Plants showing mosaic symptoms... 相似文献
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In rice, totally one hundred and three genotypes were evaluated for resistance against blast disease in three hot spot locations of Guyana. The experiments were conducted in spring and autumn seasons of 2015, 2016 and 2017. The modified upland blast nursery (UBN) method was adopted for screening blast resistance. The Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis was applied to understand the interaction between genotype (G) and environment (E). The results of all seasons at three locations showed the consistent expression of high resistance by genotype FL 127 followed by FG12–08 and FG12–273. The AMMI analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that, resistance was dominated by the genotype main effect. The magnitude of genotypes by environment (G x E) sum of square (SS) was 3.64 times smaller than genotype SS, and 6.74 times larger than environment SS. The analysis has indicated that the differences of the genotypes across the environment were not substantial. All of the seven environment vectors appeared to be positively correlated. The screening at Onverwagt Back, autumn 2016 (E7) and Black Bush Polder, spring 2015 (E5) were observed to be the most representative environment. This was clearly revealed by smaller average - environment axis (AEA) angle. Likewise, E4 (Canje, autumn 2015) was observed closer to the “ideal test environment”, thus suggested as an ideal environment for blast resistant screening. Also, genotypes clustered near the origin have showed stable blast disease resistant status and contributed little to both G and G x E. These genotypes proposed as useful ones for breeding disease resistant varieties and hybrids in rice. 相似文献
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Jaroslav Matoušek Rajen J. J. Piernikarczyk Petr Dědič Josef Mertelík Kateřina Uhlířová Ganesh S. Duraisamy Lidmila Orctová Kateřina Kloudová Jiří Ptáček Gerhard Steger 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,138(1):93-101
We analyzed the spreading and persistence of PSTVd variants in several ornamentals in the territory of the Czech Republic. The pool of PSTVd variants detected in Solanum jasminoides, S. muricatum, Datura sp. and Brugmansia sp. was biolistically transferred to Matricaria chamomilla, Argyranthemum frutescens and Diascia sp., species which we found as sensitive hosts for PSTVd from ornamentals. The PSTVd pool showed sequence changes and increased variation after its transfer to potato, suggesting a wide adaptation potential of PSTVd in this crop. Potato exhibited genotype-dependent leaf and spindle tuber symptoms, when inoculated with the sap from S. jasminoides infected with the predominant and sequence-stable PSTVd-S1. 相似文献
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Mathiyazhagan Kavino Sankarasubramanian Harish Neelakandan Kumar Duraisamy Saravanakumar Ramasamy Samiyappan 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,120(4):353-362
Pseudomonas fluorescens strains CHA0 and Pf1 were investigated for their biocontrol efficacy against Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) in banana (Musa spp.) alone and in combination with chitin under glasshouse and field conditions. Bioformulation of P. fluorescens strain CHA0 with chitin was effective in reducing the banana bunchy top disease (BBTD) incidence in banana under glasshouse
and field conditions. In addition to disease control, the bioformulation increased the economic yield significantly compared
to the untreated control. Increased accumulation of oxidative enzymes, peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine
ammonia lyase (PAL), pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase and phenolics were observed in CHA0 bioformulation
amended with chitin-treated plants challenged with BBTV under glasshouse conditions. Indirect ELISA indicated the reduction
in viral antigen concentration in P. fluorescens strain CHA0 with chitin-treated banana plants corresponding to reduced disease ratings. The present study revealed that induction
of defence enzymes by P. fluorescens with chitin amendment reduced the BBTD incidence and increased bunch yield in banana. 相似文献
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Loganathan Karthiba Kandasamy Saveetha Seetharaman Suresh Thiruvengadam Raguchander Duraisamy Saravanakumar Ramasamy Samiyappan 《Pest management science》2010,66(5):555-564
BACKGROUND: The biological control of plant pests and diseases using a single organism has been reported to give inconsistent and poor performance. To improve the efficacy, bioformulations were developed possessing mixtures of bioagents. RESULTS: Bioformulations combining Pseudomonas fluorescens Migula strains Pf1 and AH1 and Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuill. isolate B2 were developed and tested for their efficacy against leaffolder pest and sheath blight disease on rice under glasshouse and field conditions. The combination of Pf1, AH1 and B2 effectively reduced the incidence of leaffolder insect and sheath blight disease on rice compared with other treatments. An in vitro assay of leaffolder preference to rice leaf tissues treated with Pf1 + AH1 + B2 biformulation showed variation from normal growth and development of leaffolder larvae. Plants treated with the Pf1 + AH1 + B2 combination showed a greater accumulation of enzymes, lipoxygenase and chitinase activity against leaffolder insect compared with other treatments. Similarly, the plants showed a higher accumulation of defence enzymes, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity against sheath blight pathogen in Pf1 + AH1 + B2 treatment compared with the untreated control. The bioformulation mixture attracted the natural enemy population of leaffolder under field conditions. In addition, a significant increase in rice grain yield was observed in Pf1 + AH1 + B2 treatment compared with the untreated control. CONCLUSION: The combination of P. fluorescens strains and B. bassiana isolate effectively reduced the incidence of leaffolder insect and sheath blight disease on rice plants and showed the possibility of controlling both pest and disease using a single bioformulation. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - The bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a major constraint in the cultivation of tomato in Saint Lucia. The limited options and... 相似文献
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Duraisamy Saravanakumar Annalisa Ciavorella Davide Spadaro Angelo Garibaldi M. Lodovica Gullino 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2008,49(1):121-128
A new strain of Metschnikowia pulcherrima (MACH1) was studied for its efficacy as a biocontrol agent against Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium expansum and Alternaria alternata on apples stored for 8 months at 1 °C. The results of two semi-commercial trials demonstrated the efficacy of the biocontrol strain MACH1. In order to understand the mechanism of action involved, the yeast strain was investigated for its competitive ability for iron against postharvest pathogens of apple. M. pulcherrima strain MACH1 was cultivated on PDA with different concentrations of iron (supplemented as FeCl3) against A. alternata and B. cinerea. The yeast strain MACH1 produced a wider pigmented inhibition zone against both pathogens in low iron amendments while less inhibition was measured with increased iron concentrations. At the coloured inhibition zone, B. cinerea and A. alternata conidia did not germinate and mycelial degeneration was observed. In addition, a high reduction in infection by both pathogens was recorded in apples treated with M. pulcherrima strain MACH1 supplemented with low iron amendments compared to higher iron concentrations. The same experiments were carried out in vivo and in vitro against P. expansum. M. pulcherrima strain MACH1 amended with low iron concentration (5 μg mL−1 FeCl3), showing modest lesion diameter reduction and no effect on P. expansum under increased iron and without iron amendments. This study illustrated that iron depletion by the yeast strain MACH1 under low iron conditions could reduce the growth of some postharvest pathogens in vitro and in vivo. Although, iron depletion seems to be a primary mode of action against the postharvest pathogens studied, other mechanisms of action cannot be excluded in the biocontrol employed by M. pulcherrima strain MACH1. 相似文献
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Partha Sarathi Swain Somu Bala Nageswara Rao Duraisamy Rajendran Paramanandham Krishnamoorthy Sukanta Mondal Dintaran Pal Sellapan Selvaraju 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(4):621-629
The trial was aimed at evaluating probable superiority, if any of nano zinc (NZn) over inorganic zinc (Zn) on immunity, serum minerals and T3, T4, and IGF-1 hormone profiles in goats. NZn was synthesized by using 0.45 M aqueous solution of Zn nitrate and 0.9 M aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (average particle size 74 nm). Twenty-four male goats were grouped into four groups as per their body weight and were supplemented with either a basal diet with concentrate and straw at 50:50 ratio (Negative control, NC) alone or supplemented with 50 mg/kg Zn (Control) from inorganic Zn source, that is ZnO (IZn-50), 50 mg/kg Zn from NZn (NZn-50) or 25 mg/kg Zn from NZn (NZn-25). No change was observed in thyroid hormone status on zero and 90th day of experimental feeding, but NZn supplementation improved (p < 0.05) IGF-1 level on 90th day serum samples. Zn supplementation improved the humoral immunity in all the groups irrespective of the source. Similarly, cell-mediated immunity (CMI) measured by skinfold thickness after injecting Con-A, was also improved in Zn supplemented groups than control at 6, 12 and 48 h of incubation. NZn-50 animals showed highest HI (haemagglutination inhibition) titre as well as skin thickness. The (cluster of differentiation in %) was more (p < 0.05) in Zn supplemented groups. NZn-50 showed higher (p < 0.05) count than NC and similar (p > 0.05) to IZn-50 and NZn-25 groups without affecting (p > 0.05) the ratio of , among the treatment groups. Thus, NZn supplementation at 25 mg/kg had similar immunity and serum T3, T4 and IGF-1 profiles compared with IZn at 50 mg/kg dose. 相似文献