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The effect of chlorfenprop-methyl, flampropisopropyl and benzoylprop-ethyl on 14CO2 fixation was followed in wild oat (Avena fatua L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L., cv. Ametyst), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Mironovská). Experimental plants were exposed to a 14CO2-enriched atmosphere in a special apparatus 2 h, 1, 3, and 9 days after the herbicide treatment. Chlorfenprop-methyl already inhibited 14CO2 fixation in wild oat plants 2 h after the treatment. 14C-metabolite transport to the roots was strongly decreased. Both 14CO2 fixation and 14C-metabolite level in the roots were significantly depressed in A. fatua when compared with untreated plants at the last sampling time. 14C incorporation into starch was inhibited from the first day after treatment, and on day 9 was lowered more than ten fold in treated plants. Flamprop-isopropyl inhibited 14CO2 fixation in wild oat plants from day 3 after treatment, but benzoylprop-ethyl not until day 9. Both herbicides also decreased 14C incorporation into starch in A. fatua. Chlorfenprop-methyl also slightly decreased 14CO2 fixation in barley on day 9. However, assimilate transport into the roots and 14C incorporation into starch were not affected. Flamprop-isopropyl inhibited 14CO2 fixation in barley plants only on the first day after treatment, and assimilate transport was also reduced. By contrast, no differences from untreated plants were found at the end of the experiment. Benzoylprop-ethyl did not decrease either 14CO2 fixation or assimilate transport to the roots in wheat, but it inhibited starch synthesis. Atrazine depressed 14CO2 fixation in wild oat plants by 91%, in wheat plants by 99% compared with untreated plants. Assimilate transport into the roots was also strongly inhibited. In contrast to atrazine, the effect of chlorfenprop-methyl, flamprop-isopropyl, and benzoylprop-ethyl on CO2 fixation seems to be secondary. 相似文献
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STEFANIE OHLERTH EVA RÜEFLI VALERIE POIRIER MALGORZATA ROOS BARBARA KASER-HOTZ 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2007,48(5):451-456
The purpose of this study was to assess the perfusion pattern and perfusion dynamics in the normal canine spleen using contrast harmonic imaging. Twenty-five dogs without clinical or ultrasonographic evidence of splenic disease were studied. Twenty-three dogs were scanned with only manual restraint; two dogs were sedated with buprenorphin. All dogs received an intravenous bolus of a microbubble contrast medium (SonoVue). The perfusion pattern during the blood pool phase represented a skewed bell-shaped curve. A tissue-specific late phase, similar to humans, was not observed. Time/intensity curves were generated for a selected region. Mean average-derived peak intensity (PI) was 6.6dB, mean time to peak intensity calculated from the initial rise (TTP) was 25.6 s and mean area under the curve (AUC) was 523.6 dBs. If dogs were divided into two body weight groups (< or =15 and >15 kg body weight), average derived peak intensity area, time to peak intensity, and area under the curve were lower for the smaller dogs than for the larger animals. However, differences were not statistically significant (P = 0.2, 0.05, and 0.08, respectively). No significant association was found between hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count, blood pressure, heart rate, age, gender, and the perfusion variables. In conclusion, these baseline data may prove useful in the evaluation of dogs with diffuse or focal splenic disease. 相似文献
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1引言 目前有许多细菌和病毒疫苗已在家禽生产中应用.其中有些苗能产生有效的免疫,不过仍有一些因素限制了它们的使用,如生产成本高、接种困难、保护力不足以及对这些病原微生物和疾病相关知识的欠缺等,甚至有些疾病到现在都还没有研制出疫苗或疫苗效果很差.此外,还有一些用来诊断微生物疾病的试剂盒价格比较昂贵,或灵敏度和特异性差.如果应用遗传工程方法来研制和使用重组的细菌、病毒疫苗和诊断试剂,则可能克服上述诸多限制与不足. 相似文献
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The effect of benzoylprop-ethyl on plant weight, root uptake, transport and metabolism of 32P in wild oat and wheat plants was examined 4 h, 1,3 and 9 days after treatment. The fresh weight of wild oat plants was significantly reduced, due to herbicide action only, by day 9 after treatment. By day 3, shoot weight was decreased while root weight was significantly increased by 47%. No significant changes in plant weight were caused by benzoylprop-ethyl in wheat plants. Uptake of 32P by treated wild oat plants decreased by 39% compared with the control, by day 9, after an initial increase; uptake of 32P was not significantly influenced in wheat plants. By day 1 transport of 32P to the shoots was significantly reduced in wild oat plants by 34%, whereas in wheat plants it was significantly increased by 35%. Metabolism of 32P was already hampered in wild oat plants 4 h after treatment. The content of 32P was reduced on the first two sampling dates in both the roots and shoots of treated plants in all fractions except in DNA in the shoots. On day 3, this decrease was apparent especially in organic, lipidic and nucleic acid fractions in the shoots; incorporation of 32P into lipidic and RNA fractions was significantly inhibited on day 9 in both the roots and shoots of treated wild oat plants. Wheat plants responded most strongly to benzyoylprop-ethyl on day 1 after treatment, when 32P incorporation into all fractions except DNA was hampered. Differences between treated and control wheat plants gradually levelled off on days 3 and 9 after treatment. 相似文献
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The eflect of chlorfenprop-methyl on plant weight, root uptake, transport and metabolism of 32P in wild oat and barley plants was examined 4 h. 1, 3 and 9 days after treatment. The fresh weight of treated wild oat plants became significantly less than that of the controls by day 9. There was no significant effect on the weight of barley plants during this period. Uptake of 32P by treated wild oat planus progressively decreased during the experiment and by day 9 was significantly 70% less yhan that in the control: uptake by barley plants showed a significant 30% increase by day 9. Transport of 32P to the shoots followed a similar pattern. In wild oat plants, transport was significantly inhibited at all sampling dales by 44–91%. In barley plants. 32P transport to the shoots tended to be enhanced by day 9 after herbicide treatment. Metabolism of 32P in wild oat plants was affected 4 h after treatment. The content of 32-P in individual fractions (inorganic, organic, lipidic, and nucleic acid P) was lower in treated plants, especially in the shools. In barley plants. 32P incorporation into the individual fractions was initially inhibited 4 h after treatment, but later corresponded to that found in the control. 相似文献
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EVA CASTIÑEIRAS PÉREZ DVM MARCOS SEGADE SEOANE DVM BLANCA VILLANUEVA SANTAMARINA DVM PhD ANTONIO GONZÁLEZ CANTALAPIEDRA DVM PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(7):702-705
Objective— (1) To evaluate resistance to axial extraction of 3 pin designs in avian humerus and tibiotarsus; (2) to assess the effect of pin location within the bone on holding power; and (3) to assess the influence of thread pitch on holding power. Study Design— Resistance of pins to axial extraction was measured immediately after insertion. Animals— Adult common buzzards (Buteo buteo; n=9). Methods— Different pin designs (1 smooth; 2 threaded pins, differing in pitch) were inserted into the proximal and distal metaphysis and the proximal, middle, and distal diaphysis of the humerus and tibiotarsus. Maximum force required for axial extraction of pins was recorded. Results— Smooth pins had the lowest extraction force (P<.05). Pins inserted into the diaphysis (proximal, middle and distal) of the humerus and the distal metaphysis of the tibiotarsus had a greater pullout strength than pins in other locations. Pins with a smaller pitch inserted into the proximal diaphysis and distal metaphysis of the humerus, and the proximal metaphysis of the tibiotarsus had significantly greater holding power than pins with a larger pitch (P<.05). Conclusions— Pins inserted into the diaphysis of humerus and the distal metaphysis of the tibiotarsus are better at resisting extraction. Pins with a smaller pitch possess greater holding power than pins with a larger pitch in avian humerus and tibiotarsus. Clinical Relevance— Consideration should be given to pin location and thread pitch, when choosing external skeletal fixation to repair an avian humeral or tibiotarsal fracture. 相似文献
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Abstract. The level of protective immunity in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, following vaccination by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection or by direct immersion with Vibrio anguillarum was studied over a period of 46 weeks. Antibody titres to V. anguillarum O-antigen were determined with ELISA at the time of each experimental infection to study the relation between specific antibody production and protective immunity. Both vaccination by i.p. injection and vaccination by direct immersion induced a high degree of protective immunity against vibriosis which lasted for at least 46 weeks. At each experimental infection, the proportions of seropositive fish were lower than the proportions of fish with protective immunity. However, seropositive individuals were found in both experimental groups throughout the study. 相似文献
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KARL NUSS Prof. Dr. med. vet. Diplomate ECVS EVA FORSTER med. vet. CHRISTOF REICHERT med. vet. EVELYNE MUGGLI Dr. med vet. UELI BRAUN Prof. Dr. med. vet. Diplomate ECBHM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(4):477-480
Objective: To report the clinical findings and treatment of a heifer with suppurative splenitis.
Study design: Clinical report.
Animals: A 30-month-old heifer.
Methods: Splenectomy in the standing calf after local anesthesia and 13th rib resection.
Results: The heifer had an uneventful recovery but was culled because of septic tarsitis 3 months later.
Conclusions: Splenectomy is a useful treatment for cattle with traumatic splenitis if diagnosed early. Partial splenectomy may have prevented the late complication of septic tarsitis.
Clinical Relevance: Suppurative splenitis is usually a complication of hardware disease and has a grave prognosis unless splenectomy is carried out. 相似文献
Study design: Clinical report.
Animals: A 30-month-old heifer.
Methods: Splenectomy in the standing calf after local anesthesia and 13th rib resection.
Results: The heifer had an uneventful recovery but was culled because of septic tarsitis 3 months later.
Conclusions: Splenectomy is a useful treatment for cattle with traumatic splenitis if diagnosed early. Partial splenectomy may have prevented the late complication of septic tarsitis.
Clinical Relevance: Suppurative splenitis is usually a complication of hardware disease and has a grave prognosis unless splenectomy is carried out. 相似文献
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