排序方式： 共有11条查询结果，搜索用时 368 毫秒
1.
Shiferaw Jenbreie Gelagay Ayelet Esayas Gelaye Fekadu Kebede Stacey E. Lynch Haileleul Negussie 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,45(1):75-79
The study was conducted in eight districts of Ethiopia with the objectives of determining the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of infectious bursal disease (IBD). From the total of 2,597 chicken serum samples examined using ELISA, 83.1 % were found positive. The highest seroprevalence was found at Mekele (90.3 %) while the lowest was recorded at Gondar district (69.8 %). These differences among the study areas were statistically significant (p?<?0.05). Highest seroprevalence was found in crossbreed of chicken (91.4 %) while the lowest was recorded in indigenous breed of chicken (81.4 %). This difference was statistically significant (p?<?0.05) among the three breeds of chickens, but sex was not statistically significant (p?>?0.05). The seroprevalence of the disease was found high in young (≤8 weeks) age group (86.6 %) while the lowest prevalence was recorded in adults (>8 weeks) (72 %). This is also statistically significant (p?<?0.05) between young and adult age groups. The prevalence of IBD in different production system indicated that higher seroprevalence was recorded in intensive production system (85.9 %) while the lowest was recorded in extensive production system (81.6 %). This difference is also statistically significant (p?<?0.05). 相似文献
2.
Esayas Mendesil Chemeda Abdeta Abush Tesfaye Zekarias Shumeta Habte Jifar 《Crop Protection》2007,26(12):1817-1825
Surveys were undertaken in six districts of southwestern Ethiopia from July to October 2003 to investigate farmers’ perceptions and management practices of insect pests on traditionally stored sorghum. The survey involved 138 randomly selected farmers who were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Storage insect pests were perceived as the major insect pests of sorghum. The majority of the farmers estimated sorghum yield losses of up to 50% due to insect damage during storage. High temperature and lack of storage hygiene were cited as the major factors resulting in insect infestation of stored sorghum. Infestations of stored sorghum insect pests were common on different forms of sorghum, which stored in various types of farm storage. Farmers classified sorghum varieties according to the level of resistance to stored sorghum insect pests. Only about 32% of the farmers had access to chemical insecticides for the control of stored sorghum insect pests, while the majority of them used cultural practices and locally available plant materials as storage protectants. 相似文献
3.
Bayissa B Ayelet G Kyule M Jibril Y Gelaye E 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(4):759-766
Cross-sectional serological study and questionnaire survey were conducted in Borana pastoral and agro-pastoral area to determine
seroprevalence and risk factors associated with foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) infection and to assess community perceptions
as to importance of the disease. A multistage random sampling was carried out to select cattle for seroprevalence and households
for interviews. Totally, 768 sera were collected from 111 herds. The overall individual level seroprevalence of 23.0% (n = 177) and herd level seroprevalence of 58.6% (n = 65) were recorded using 3ABC ELISA test. The variation of individual level seroprevalence in districts were statistically
significant (P < 0.05) which was 29.9% in Arero, 24.0% in Yabello, and 15.7% in Teltele. From multivariate logistic regression analysis,
herd size and age were seen to be significantly (P < 0.05) associated with FMD seroprevalence. The result of the questionnaire survey based on 120 respondents indicated that,
the daily milk yield of cows infected with FMD during outbreaks is reduced to an average of 0.5 L for 25.5 days while cows
developing heat-intolerance syndrome after acute infection gave an average 0.67 L for 3.8 months and their calving interval
prolonged about 12 months. The questionnaire survey in agro-pastoral area of Borena also indicated that FMD-infected oxen
remained off-plough for one season when outbreaks occur in cropping time, whereas heat-intolerant oxen were no longer used
for traction. These findings of the present study indicated that FMD is a highly prevalent and economically important disease
in the Borana pastoral and agro-pastoral production systems which need effective control strategy for the disease. 相似文献
4.
A study on seroprevalence of caprine brucellosis under three livestock production systems in southern and central Ethiopia 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
5.
Jenberie S Awol N Ayelet G Gelaye E Negussie H Abie G 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(4):849-854
This study was carried out with the aim of identifying types of gross and histopathological lesions in lungs of camels slaughtered
between October 2009 and April 2010 at Addis Ababa abattoir enterprise, Ethiopia. All camels were originated from Borana and
Kereyu areas. A total of 387 slaughtered camel lungs were inspected during the study period. Of which, one or more gross lesions
were encountered on 300 lungs. Lesions were further subjected for detail gross and histopathological examinations. The occurrence
of pulmonary lesions was 77.5%. The gross and histopathological examination of these lesions had revealed 60.2% emphysema,
21.2% hydatidosis, 18.6% pneumonia, 10.6% atelectasis, 4.9% aspiration of blood, 3.9% pneumoconiosis, 2.6% pulmonary edema
and congestion, 1.6% abscess, 1% pleurisy, and 0.8% granulomatous pneumonia. Most camels had one or more pulmonary lesions
on postmortem examination, but they were apparently healthy during antemortem inspection. Therefore, the prevailing stressful
environmental condition coupled with the existing poor level of veterinary service in camel-rearing areas of the country might
reverse these hidden inactive lesions and thereby contributed for the higher occurrence of respiratory diseases in camels. 相似文献
6.
7.
Demeke Berhan Jenberie Shiferaw Tesfaye Biruk Ayelet Gelagay Yami Martha Lamien Charles Euloge Gelaye Esayas 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(2):403-408
Marek’s disease (MD) is a lymphoproliferative and neuropathic disease of domestic chickens and less commonly, turkeys and quails, caused by a highly contagious, cell-associated, oncogenic herpesvirus. In Ethiopia, MD is believed to be introduced with importation of exotic and crossbred to improve the poultry production and has been reported to be a potential threat to the poultry sector both in backyard and commercial farming systems. This study was aimed at isolation and molecular analysis of MD virus isolates circulating in chicken population in the central part of Ethiopia where commercial farms are populated. From September 2013 to January 2014, clinical and post-mortem examination were conducted on diseased chickens suspected of MD virus infection. Representative spleen and feather follicle samples were collected following sterile procedure, and infectious virus isolation was performed using primary chicken fibroblast cell culture. Cell culture inoculated with suspension of pathological samples developed characteristic MD virus cytopathic effect of rounding of the cells and small plaques. Further analysis of the virus was conducted by conventional PCR amplifying the ICP4 gene fragment from eleven tissue samples using MD virus specific primers. PCR products were further sequenced and analyzed. Nucleotide sequence similarity search of the local isolates resulted a high degree of sequence similarity with Gallid Herpes virus type 2 strain (Marek’s disease virus type 1, JN034558). To our knowledge, the present study is the first report conducted on virus isolation and molecular characterization of MD virus isolates circulated in Ethiopia. Eleven ICP4-like gene fragment (318 bp) sequences generated in the present study were uploaded in the public database (KU842366–76). Further research on virus isolation, genetic characterization, and infection dynamics is recommended targeting chickens of all age groups reared in different agro-ecological zones under different production system.
相似文献8.
Teshome Kumela Josephine Simiyu Birhanu Sisay Paddy Likhayo Esayas Mendesil Linnet Gohole 《国际虫害防治杂志》2019,65(1):1-9
This paper reports for the first time on farmers’ knowledge, perceptions and management practices of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Ethiopia and Kenya. A survey of 343 smallholder maize farmers was conducted. Most farmers in Ethiopia and Kenya had knowledge about fall armyworm; they could identify it mainly during its larval stage. Furthermore, most farmers in Ethiopia (93%) and Kenya (97%) encountered damage by fall armyworm in their farms. They estimated an average of 32% crop damage in Ethiopia and 47.3% of crop damage in Kenya, with an estimated yield reduction between 0.8 to 1 tonnes/ha. Nearly half of the farmers relied on chemical insecticides to control this pest. The majority (60%) of the farmers in Kenya perceived that insecticides were not effective in controlling fall armyworm as compared to most farmers (46%) in Ethiopia who perceived that chemical spray is effective for the control of fall armyworm. In Ethiopia, 26% of the farmers combined handpicking larvae with insecticide sprays, whilst 15% of the farmers practiced only handpicking. The present study highlights the need to develop management strategies for fall armyworm based on farmers’ needs and priorities. 相似文献
9.
A cross-sectional study of lungworm infection was carried out with the aim of determining the prevalence of lungworm infection of small ruminants and identifying the species of the respiratory helminthes circulating in six districts of northeastern Ethiopia: Debresina, Legambo, Habru, Kalu, Chaffa-Dawi and Artumana-Fersejelle. Faecal and postmortem examination were conducted from 1162 and 104 animals, respectively. An overall infection rate of 53.6% and 66.3% was found by faecal and postmortem examinations, respectively. Significant difference (p<0.05) was found between areas of different altitude with an infection rate of 30.4%, 32.5% and 71.3% at low, medium and high altitude areas, respectively. Prevalence on the different months was insignificant (p>0.05). The prevalence of Dictyocaulus filaria and Muellerius capillaris infection showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between young, adult and old age groups. The prevalence of D. filaria decreases and that of M. capillaris increase with increasing age of the animal. Animals under relatively good management system have been found less affected with significant difference (p>0.05) than their counterparts at relatively poor management system. The infection rate between male and female animals showed significant difference (p<0.05) with prevalence rate of 44.4% and 59.3%, respectively. A significant difference between sheep and goats was also noted with infection rate of 24.4% and 50.7%, respectively. Monthly worm burden of D. filaria infection showed significant difference (p>0.05) while it was insignificant in case of M. capillaris. Due to its impact on production, emphasis should be given for the control and prevention of lungworm infection in highland areas. 相似文献
10.
Bitew M Andargie A Bekele M Jenberie S Ayelet G Gelaye E 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(8):1543-1547
A cross-sectional serological survey was undertaken in selected districts of different agro-ecology of Jimma zone (Dedo, Yebu,
Seka, Serbo, and Jimma town) from November 2009 to February 2010 to determine the seroprevalence of African horse sickness
virus and associated risk factors of the disease. Two hundred seventy-four equids (189 horses, 43 mules, and 47 donkeys) with
a history of non-vaccination for at least 2 years were selected randomly from the above areas. Sera samples were collected
and assayed for the presence of specific antibody against African horse sickness virus using blocking ELISA. An overall seroprevalence
of 89 (32.5%) was found and it was 24 (51.1%) for donkeys, 13 (30.2%) for mules, and 52(28.3%) for horses. Seroprevalence
was significantly (X
2 = 11.05, P < 0.05) different among the different species of equids. Seroprevalence was also significantly (X
2 = 11.43, P < 0.05) different among the different agro-ecological areas being higher in highlands 47 (40.5%) followed by midland 30 (34.5%)
and lowland 12 (16.9%). Age and sex were not significantly (X
2 = 3.15, P > 0.05 and X
2 = 3.38, P > 0.05, respectively) associated with seroprevalence of AHSV. The present study showed that African horse sickness (AHS)
is highly prevalent disease for the horses followed by mules and then donkeys in Jimma zone explained by lower seroconversion
rate. Therefore, control strategy against AHS should target at high risk species of all age and sex in their locality in the
initial stage for better containment of the disease. 相似文献