Cannibalism Reduction in Juvenile Barramundi Lates calcarifer by Providing Refuges and Low Light     

Jian G.  Qin Lorenzo  Mittiga  Francesca  Ottolenghi 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2004,35(1):113-118

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A retrospective histopathological,immunohistochemical and molecular study of the presence of Leishmania spp. in the skin of cats with head and neck ulcerative dermatitis          下载免费PDF全文

Diana Di Mattia  Dolores Fondevila  Francesca Abramo  Alessandra Fondati 《Veterinary dermatology》2018,29(3):212-e76

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Detection of Cyprinid Herpesvirus 1 DNA in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio)          下载免费PDF全文

Rubina Sirri  Sara Ciulli  Tim Barbé  Enrico Volpe  Maurizio Lazzari  Valeria Franceschini  Francesca Errani  Giuseppe Sarli  Luciana Mandrioli 《Veterinary dermatology》2018,29(1):60-e24

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Nutrient requirements and low-cost balanced diets,based on seasonally available local feedstuffs,for local pigs on smallholder farms in Western Kenya     

Natalie Ann Carter  Catherine Elizabeth Dewey  Lian Francesca Thomas  Ben Lukuyu  Delia Grace  Cornelis de Lange 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(2):337-347

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Living on the edge: morphological and behavioral adaptations to a marginal high-elevation habitat in an arboreal mammal     

Claudia TRANQUILLO  Lucas Armand WAUTERS  Francesca SANTICCHIA  Damiano PREATONI  Adriano MARTINOLI 《Integrative zoology》2023,18(4):746-761

Habitats are characterized by different local environmental conditions that influence both behavior and morphology of species, which can result in habitat-dependent phenotypic differences among animals living in heterogeneous environments. We studied 3 alpine populations of Eurasian red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris), 1 living in a marginal high-elevation habitat at the edge of the species’ altitudinal distribution, and 2 occurring in higher-quality habitats. Here, we investigated whether squirrels living in the marginal area differed in 2 morphological parameters (body size and body mass) and/or in the expression of 4 personality traits estimated with an open field test and a mirror image stimulation test (activity, exploration, activity-exploration, and social tendency). Furthermore, we tested whether within-individual variance of the traits (behavioral plasticity) was higher in the edge habitat. Male squirrels in the edge habitat were smaller and weighed less than in the other study areas, while among females, size–habitat relationships were less marked. These sex-specific patterns were explained by a strong association between body mass and reproductive success in female squirrels. Squirrels in the marginal habitat were more active, explorative, and had a more social personality than in the other habitats. However, in contrast to our predictions, behavioral plasticity was smaller in the marginal habitat, but only for the trait exploration. Our results suggest that animals choose the habitat that best fits their personality, and that habitat-related differences in selective pressures may shape animals’ morphology.  相似文献   

Validation of new automated turbidimetric immunoassays for the measurement of haptoglobin and inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 specific for the bovine species     

Anna Bassols  José Angel Robles-Guirado  Laura Arroyo  Lourdes Soler  Natalia García  Raquel Pato  Raquel Peña  Yolanda Saco  Ramon Armengol  Fermín Lampreave  María A. Alava  Francesca Canalias  Matilde Piñeiro 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2023,52(Z1):64-74

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A comparison of soil- and canopy temperature-based methods for the early detection of water stress in a simulated patch of pasture     

Cecilia Stanghellini  Francesca De Lorenzi 《Irrigation Science》1994,14(3):141-146

This paper evaluates the sensitivity of two different methods of water stress detection in a simulated patch of pasture grown in a greenhouse. The performance of two indices, based respectively on canopy temperature and soil water content values — the latter gauged by means of a time domain reflectometry (TDR) system, was assessed against actual evapotranspiration, measured by a very accurate weighing system. Both methods were able to detect water shortage by the time transpiration was reduced to some 80% of its potential value. The soil-based index, however, relied on the estimate of root water extraction rate, which may not be known. It is concluded that detection of water shortage by means of a canopy temperature-based stress index is to be preferred to measuring soil water deficits by time domain reflectometry, despite the accuracy of the TDR-based soil water content estimate.  相似文献   

Factors Affecting the Growth of Microalgae on Blackwater from Biosolid Dewatering     

Francesca Marazzi  Elena Ficara  Riccardo Fornaroli  Valeria Mezzanotte 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2017,228(2):68

This paper discusses the possibility of including the culturing of microalgae within a conventional wastewater treatment sequence by growing them on the blackwater (BW) from biosolid dewatering to produce biomass to feed the anaerobic digester. Two photobioreactors were used: a 12 L plexiglas column for indoor, lab-scale tests and a 85 L plexiglas column for outdoor culturing. Microalgae (Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp.) could easily grow on the tested blackwater. The average specific growth rate in indoor and outdoor batch tests was satisfactory, ranging between 0.14 and 0.16 day^?1. During a continuous test performed under outdoor conditions from May to November, in which the off-gas from the combined heat and power unit was used as the CO₂ source, an average biomass production of 50 mgTSS L^?1 day^?1 was obtained. However, statistical analyses confirmed that microalgal growth was affected by environmental conditions (temperature and season) and that it was negatively correlated with the occurrence of nitrification. Finally, the biochemical methane potential of the algal biomass was slightly higher than that from waste sludge (208 mLCH₄ gVS^?1 vs. 190 mLCH₄ gVS^?1).  相似文献   

Conserving indigenous crayfish: stock assessment and habitat requirements in the threatened Austropotamobius italicus     

Sara Brusconi  Silvia Bertocchi  Barbara Renai  Massimiliano Scalici  Catherine Souty‐Grosset  Francesca Gherardi 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2008,18(7):1227-1239

• 1. As part of the Austropotamobius pallipes species complex, the crayfish Austropotamobius italicus is a species of community interest whose preservation requires the designation of Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) (Annex II, EU Habitats Directive). This study aimed at (1) assessing the conservation status of this threatened indigenous species by stock assessment in central Italy and (2) identifying some aspects of its elective habitat.
• 2. Surveys were conducted in nine streams harbouring A. italicus (streams WI) and in 10 streams where crayfish populations became extinct at least 5 years before the study (streams WO).
• 3. The results confirmed that A. italicus is a K‐selected species, with a relatively slow growth rate (males: 0.34; females: 0.37) and a long life expectancy (males: 8.2 years; females: 7.8 years). The extant populations are healthy, showing balanced sex‐ratios and well structured age‐class compositions. Mortality is mainly due to fishing, which is illegal in Tuscany.
• 4. Principal Components Analyses showed that the streams WI and WO differ in the abundance of allochthonous plant detritus but not in the taxonomic composition of their macroinvertebrate communities. Age classes were found to be spatially segregated, juveniles mainly using cobbles as substrates and adults seemingly avoiding them.
• 5. The loss of the pristine riverine landscape seems to have been responsible, together with illegal fishing, for the local extinction of the species. As a consequence, retaining, enhancing, and restoring the habitat and its complexity are required for the preservation of A. italicus.
• 6. The designation of SACs might help in this endeavour if accompanied by programmes aimed at publicizing the need for conservation of this species. Unfortunately, crayfish‐focused projects supported by LIFE in Italy since 1992 (4%) and the SACs involved (1.4%) have been relatively few, despite the poor conservation status of this species and its well recognized ecological role.

Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Supercritical CO2 extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum: chemical characterization and antityrosinase activity     

Marongiu B  Piras A  Porcedda S  Tuveri E  Sanjust E  Meli M  Sollai F  Zucca P  Rescigno A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(24):10022-10027

The volatile oil of the bark of Cinnamomum zeylanicum was extracted by means of supercritical CO2 fluid extraction in different conditions of pressure and temperature. Its chemical composition was characterized by GC-MS analysis. Nineteen compounds, which in the supercritical extract represented >95% of the oil, were identified. (E)-Cinnamaldehyde (77.1%), (E)-beta-caryophyllene (6.0%), alpha-terpineol (4.4%), and eugenol (3.0%) were found to be the major constituents. The SFE oil of cinnamon was screened for its biological activity about the formation of melanin in vitro. The extract showed antityrosinase activity and was able to reduce the formation of insoluble flakes of melanin from tyrosine. The oil also delayed the browning effect in apple homogenate. (E)-Cinnamaldehyde and eugenol were found to be mainly responsible of this inhibition effect.  相似文献