Evaluating side effects of newer insecticides on the vine mealybug parasitoid <Emphasis Type="Italic">Anagyrus</Emphasis> sp. near <Emphasis Type="Italic">pseudococci</Emphasis>, with implications for integrated pest management in vineyards     

Ramzi Mansour  Pompeo Suma  Gaetana Mazzeo  Kaouthar Grissa Lebdi  Agatino Russo 《Phytoparasitica》2011,39(4):369-376

Control of the invasive vine mealybug Planococcus ficus (Signoret) can be achieved through integration of different management strategies such as the application of chemical treatments and biological control. However, compatibility between these control methods is considered crucial when adopting integrated pest management (IPM) programs against this insect pest. The recently used insecticides Prev-Am®, a contact biopesticide, and spirotetramat, a systemic tetramic acid insecticide, were assessed in laboratory conditions for their side effects on the vine mealybug parasitoid Anagyrus sp. near pseudococci with reference to chlorpyriphos-methyl, an organophosphate insecticide conventionally used for mealybug control in vineyards. Regarding contact toxicity, chlorpyriphos-methyl caused 100% parasitoid mortality 24 h after treatment, but parasitoid mortality from Prev-Am® or spirotetramat was almost absent. Neither the total parasitoid offspring/female nor the sex ratio of the progeny was negatively affected by Prev-Am® or spirotetramat relative to the untreated control. According to the IOBC classification for laboratory trials, both Prev-Am® and spirotetramat were rated harmless (IOBC category 1), whereas chlorpyriphos-methyl was categorized as harmful (IOBC category 4) to A. sp. near pseudococci. None of the insecticides adversely affected the development of the parasitoid pupal stage inside mealybug mummies or the survival of the emerged parasitoids. The practical implications of the results for implementing mealybug IPM programs in vineyards are emphasized and discussed.  相似文献   

Pomegranate arthropod pests and their management in the Mediterranean area     

Giuseppe E. Massimino Cocuzza  Gaetana Mazzeo  Agatino Russo  Vittorio Lo Giudice  Salvatore Bella 《Phytoparasitica》2016,44(3):393-409

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West Nile Virus in North‐Eastern Italy, 2011: Entomological and Equine IgM‐Based Surveillance to Detect Active Virus Circulation     

Paolo Mulatti  Lebana Bonfanti  Gioia Capelli  Katia Capello  Monica Lorenzetto  Calogero Terregino  Federica Monaco  Gaetana Ferri  Stefano Marangon 《Zoonoses and public health》2013,60(5):375-382

Since 2008, West Nile Virus (WNV) has expanded its range in several Italian regions, and its yearly recurrence suggests the virus may have become endemic in some areas. In 2011, a new plan based also on the detection of IgM antibodies was implemented in the north‐eastern Italian regions of Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia, aiming to early detect WNV infections in areas where the virus had already circulated during the previous summers, and in adjacent zones. From July to November 2011, 1880 sera from 521 equine premises were screened by a commercial IgM capture ELISA. Mosquitoes were captured by CDC‐CO₂ traps at 61 locations in the two regions. Collected mosquitoes were identified, pooled by species/date/location and examined by real‐time RT‐PCR and sequencing. Passive surveillance was carried out on clinically affected horses and non‐migratory wild birds found dead. IgM sero‐positive equines were detected in 19 holdings, five in the area with WNV circulation (AWC) and 14 in the surveillance area (SA); 10 more horse premises tested positive to further serological controls within 4 km of the positive holdings. A total of 85 398 mosquitoes of 15 species were collected and 2732 pools examined. Five Culex pipiens pools tested positive for the presence of WNV. Passive surveillance on non‐migratory wild birds allowed detection of the virus only in one found dead collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto), of 82 birds sampled. The WNV belonged to the lineage 2, which had been isolated for the first time in Italy earlier in 2011. By the first week of October, nine human cases had been confirmed in the same area. The implementation of a protocol combining IgM screening of horses with surveillance on mosquito vectors proved to be valuable for early detecting WNV circulation.  相似文献   

Melanaspis corticosa: a new insect pest of olive trees in Europe     

Mazzeo  Gaetana  Pellizzari  Giuseppina  Mateus  Célia  da Silva  Elsa Borges  Russo  Agatino  Nucifora  Salvatore  Soares  Celestino  Tomé  Dora  de Andrade  Eugénia  Franco  José Carlos 《Phytoparasitica》2023,51(2):153-162

The presence of the South African Obscure Scale, Melanaspis corticosa (Brain) (Hemiptera, Diaspididae), was detected infesting olive trees, in Portugal. The identity of the scale insect was confirmed based on both morphological and molecular studies. Until now, this species was only known in a few African countries, including Guinea, Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe. This is the first record of this species in Europe and in the Palearctic region. The scale was observed in 15 different locations, in the Algarve, since its first detection at the end of 2016. Samples were collected between 21 December 2016 and 10 March 2022, covering all seasonal periods. Most of the sampling sites resulted from private requests from farmers and proprietaries received by the Plant Protection Division of the Regional Directorate of Agriculture. Although it is considered a polyphagous species, it was not observed in other plant species, besides olive trees. The actual dispersion in the region suggests that M. corticosa became established and has been expanded its distribution since its arrival. This scale insect is a potential injurious pest of olive trees and needs to be studied to clarify its pest status and develop effective pest management strategies.

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