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MIKI AIDA KAZUYUKI ITOH HIROAKI IKEDA NAOKUNI HARADA YASUO ISHII KENJI USUI 《Weed Biology and Management》2004,4(3):127-135
Paddy herbicides have the potential to cause adverse effects on non-target plants. Susceptibilities of some aquatic ferns ( Azolla japonica Franch. et Savat., Isoetes japonica A. Braun, Marsilea quadrifolia L. and Salvinia natans All.) and duckweeds ( Lemna minor L. and Spirodela polyrhiza Schleid.) to paddy herbicide bensulfuron methyl (BSM) were evaluated with a 20 day exposure experiment using 200 cm2 pots. The BSM concentrations in the surface water of monitoring pots with no plants dissipated exponentially with half lives of 3.5 and 3.9 days at application rates of 15 and 150 g ha−1 , respectively. The BSM concentrations in the surface water 1 day after application in the culture pots were comparable among plant species, and were lower than those in the monitoring pots. Bensulfuron methyl reduced the plant growth in all species. I . japonica showed the lowest intrinsic relative growth rate (RGR) and the lowest susceptibility with an effective dose resulting in 50% growth inhibition (ED50 ) of 21 g ha−1 . Except for I . japonica , the RGR of the duckweeds was similar to the ferns, and ED50 for the duckweeds was higher than the ferns. ED50 for Sa . natans , A . japonica and M . quadrifolia were 1.1, 1.8 and 1.2 g ha−1 , respectively, which were smaller than 1/20 of the recommended field dose (51–75 g ha−1 ) and ranged from 1/2 to 1/6 of ED50 for L . minor and Sp . polyrhiza (6.5 and 3.2 g ha−1 , respectively). These results suggest that BSM application in paddy fields and its runoff in some localities is expected to have adverse effects on the growth of Sa . natans , A . japonica and M . quadrifolia . 相似文献
3.
Peixin YANG Mohamed S. MEDAN Koji Y. ARAI Wanzhu JIN Gen WATANABE Kazuyoshi TAYA 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(5):427-434
The ontogeny of testicular inhibin/activin in ducks was investigated. Testicular localization of three inhibin/activin subunits (α, βA and βB) was determined in embryonic and newly hatched ducks from 12 days of incubation to 1 day of age, in immature ducks and in adult ducks. In the duck embryonic testis, positive α‐subunit immunostaining was first detected in the Leydig cells and Sertoli cells on day 15 of incubation, whereas βA‐subunit and βB‐subunit immunostaining were found in Sertoli cells and primary germ cells on day 18 of incubation. In 1 month old ducks, intense staining of α‐subunit was present in the seminiferous epithelium consistent with localization in Sertoli cells and primary germ cells, and the immunostaining of the βA‐ and βB‐subunit was also present in Sertoli cells and primary germ cells. Specific immunostaining with inhibin/activin α‐, βA‐ and βB‐subunits antisera occurred in Sertoli cells in the adult duck testes. In conclusion, it was shown that, in the duck testis, the majority of α‐, βA‐ and βB‐subunits are colocalized in Sertoli cells with a certain degree of staining in germ cells and the α‐subunit is present in Leydig cells of embryonic testes before day 18 of incubation. These results indicate that Sertoli cells and possibly germ cells in the embryonic testes of late stage of incubation and newly hatched ducks, immature ducks and mature ducks may produce bioactive inhibin dimers, inhibin A and inhibin B, as a possible regulator of follicle‐stimulating hormone secretion. Free inhibin/activin subunits and their dimers may also play an autocrine/paracrine role in the development of the testis and spermatogenesis. Furthermore, early onset of the α‐subunit in duck testes indicates that it may have an autocrine/paracrine effect on steroid hormones, which is important for sex differentiation. 相似文献
4.
Effects of loosing Aigamo ducks on the growth of rice plants, weeds, and the number of arthropods in paddy fields 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
SEISHU TOJO MASAHIRO YOSHIZAWA TAKASHI MOTOBAYASHI KENGO WATANABE 《Weed Biology and Management》2007,7(1):38-43
Aigamo duck farming has been noticed as one of the techniques of environmental conservation agriculture. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of loosing Aigamo ducks on the growth and production of rice plants, the quantity of weeds and arthropods, and the balance of nitrogen (N) in paddy fields by changing the density of the Aigamo ducks. A paddy field was divided into three test plots: a 10-Aigamo-duck plot, a five-Aigamo-duck plot, and a weeding plot. The results show that the height, number of culms, and yield crops of the rice plants increased more in the 10-Aigamo-duck plot and the five-Aigamo-duck plot than that of the weeding plot. Millet ( Echinochloa oryzicola ) remained in both the Aigamo duck plots. The weeding plot was covered with monochoria ( Monochoria vaginalis ). In both the Aigamo duck plots, the outbreak of total arthropods was lower than that of the weeding plot, but the number of rice plants damaged by grass leaf rollers ( Cnaphalocrocis medinalis ) was increased. The number of spiders, regarded as useful insects, did not differ that much between the experimental plots. The N content of the soil did not differ as an effect of loosing the Aigamo ducks. The rice plants in the 10-Aigamo-duck plot absorbed more N than the rice plants in the other plots. 相似文献
5.
6.
Haney SAMIR Kazuaki SASAKI Eman AHMED Aly KAREN Kentaro NAGAOKA Mohamed EL SAYED Kazuyoshi TAYA Gen WATANABE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(5):549-556
Although color Doppler ultrasonography has been used to evaluate testicular blood flow in
many species, very little has been done in goat. Eight male Shiba goats were exposed to a
single intramuscular injection of either gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH group; 1
µg/kg BW) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG group; 25 IU/kg BW).
Plasma testosterone (T), estradiol (E2) and inhibin (INH) were measured just before (0 hr)
and at different intervals post injection by radioimmunoassay. Testis volume (TV) and
Doppler indices, such as resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) of the
supratesticular artery, were measured by B-mode and color Doppler ultrasonography,
respectively. The results indicated an increase in testicular blood flow in both groups,
as RI and PI decreased significantly (P<0.05), but this increase was
significant higher and earlier in hCG group (1 hr) than in the GnRH group (2 hr). A high
correlation was found for RI and PI with both T (RI, r= −0.862; PI, r= −0.707) and INH in
the GnRH group (RI, r=0.661; PI, r=0.701). However, a significant
(P<0.05) correlation was found between E2 and both RI (r= −0.610) and
PI (r= −0.763) in hCG group. In addition, TV significantly increased and was highly
correlated with RI in both groups (GnRH, r= −0.718; hCG, r= −0.779). In conclusion, hCG
and GnRH may improve testicular blood flow and TV in Shiba goats. 相似文献
7.
Toyokazu KOBAYASHI Hiroshi KOIE Arisa WATANABE Arisa INO Kazuya WATABE Mujo KIM Kiichi KANAYAMA Kazuya OTSUJI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(4):503-506
We examined the effects of chicken egg hydrolysate (also known as “bone peptide” or BP)
on bone metabolism in 5- to 8-month-old orchidectomized dogs. The bone formation marker
serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and the bone resorption marker urine
deoxypyridinoline (DPD) were used as indicators to measure changes in bone metabolism. The
following results were observed that Serum BAP was higher in dogs fed BP-enriched food
throughout the clinical investigation. Serum BAP was statistically significantly higher in
dogs fed BP-enriched food than in dogs fed non-BP-enriched food at 2 months after
orchidectomy. This suggests that BP promoted bone formation immediately after
orchidectomy. 相似文献
8.
Kazuhiro WATANABE Kotaro HAYASHI Saku KIJIMA Chie NONAKA Kazuaki YAMAZOE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(10):1323-1325
In this study, scaling, polishing and daily tooth brushing were performed in 20 beagle
dogs, and the number of oral bacteria was determined using a bacterial counter. The dogs
were randomized into the scaling (S), scaling + polishing (SP), scaling + tooth daily
brushing (SB) and scaling + polishing + tooth daily brushing (SPB) groups. Samples were
collected from the buccal surface of the maxillary fourth premolars of the dogs
immediately after scaling and every week thereafter from weeks 1 to 8. Throughout the
study, the number of bacteria was significantly lower in the SB and SPB groups compared
with the S group. The findings suggest that daily tooth brushing inhibited oral bacterial
growth in the dogs. 相似文献
9.
10.
Strategies for further development of aquatic feeds 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
ABSTRACT: To date, aquatic feeds have depended heavily on fishmeal and fish oil as their source of protein and lipid. However, the feed industry is encountering shortfalls in the availability of these ingredients because of a decline in the number of fish captured in the wild and the increased human demand for some of the species currently being used for fishmeal and oil production. Therefore, efforts are now being directed in different parts of the world to finding alternative quality ingredients, which ideally are less expensive and readily available for use in practical diets. The data accrued have shown that a large proportion of both fishmeal and fish oil can be replaced by other protein and lipid sources. However, it is emphasized that an optimal essential amino acid balance be maintained and that the n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid requirement be satisfied when combining economical protein and lipid ingredients. Newly developed feeds should aim at being nutrient-dense in order to reduce the output of solid, P and N waste. This can be done through improving nutrient availability, optimizing the digestible protein to energy balance of the diet, and replacing dietary fishmeal with alternate ingredients. These diets should also be effective for maintaining good health and improving disease resistance in fish through enhancement of immune responses. A wholesome approach to culturing fish would be to use appropriate feeding standards that are aimed not only at improving economic returns but also at developing a lasting cohabitation of sustainable aquaculture and a cleaner environment. Furthermore, in the 2lst century aquaculture would still retain its place as a prominent source of food protein, signifying that fish feed research remains a forceful area in discovering better feeds for the industry. 相似文献