Inducing substance for abalone larval metamorphosis from the crustose coralline alga Hydrolithon samoense     

Kiyotake  SUENAGA  Hidenari  HORI  Hitoshi  ISHIDA  Haruo  NUKAYA  Rodney D.  ROBERTS  Kuniro  TSUJI 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(2):342-344

  相似文献   

Effect of mate selection on fuzzy selective mating criteria in closed dairy multiple ovulation and embryo transfer nucleus programs     

Atsushi NAKAMURA  Kenji TOGASHI  Naoyuki YAMAMOTO  Akiko NISHIURA 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(3):175-184

In order to control rates of response and inbreeding, mate selection using fuzzy selective mating criteria (FMC) was investigated in adult multiple ovulation and embryo transfer nucleus schemes for dairy cattle. Stochastic simulation was used to model the closed nucleus scheme. This mate selection was examined in four alternative mating and male selection schemes: (i) a hierarchical scheme; (ii) a hierarchical sibship scheme (two males per sibship); (iii) a factorial scheme (two sires per dam); and (iv) a factorial sibship scheme (two males per sibship and two sires per dam). Genetic response and inbreeding rate tended to be reduced by increasing the trade-off parameter of FMC between the expected breeding value and inbreeding of progeny. Inbreeding rates in all schemes were reduced by reducing the variance of family size through selection and the average coancestry of mating pairs through mate allocation.  相似文献   

Endophytic Actinomycetes: Attractive Biocontrol Agents   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Hitoshi KUNOH 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(3):249-252

  相似文献   

Suppression of Verticillium Wilt in Eggplant by Some Fungal Root Endophytes   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Kazuhiko Narisawa  Hitoshi Kawamata  Randolph S. Currah  Teruyoshi Hashiba 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2002,108(2):103-109

One hundred and twenty-three fungal isolates were obtained from 225 root segments of eggplants, melon, tomato, strawberry and Chinese cabbage, grown as bait plants in a mixed soil made up of samples from different fields in Shizuoka, Japan. Isolates belonging to Mycelium radicis atrovirens (MRA), including Phialocephala fortinii, were the most prevalent in all the five bait plants. Eleven of the 123 isolates, after being inoculated onto axenically reared eggplant seedlings, almost completely suppressed the pathogenic effects of a post-inoculated, virulent strain of Verticillium dahliae. Seven of these 11 isolates had come from the roots of eggplant and included Heteroconium chaetospira, P. fortinii, and unidentified species of Fusarium, Penicillium, Trichoderma and MRA. P. fortinii, H. chaetospira, a non-sporulating isolate with white mycelium (SWM) and MRA were easily reisolated from root segments. Hyphae of H. chaetospira, P. fortinii and SWM colonized the root tissues of eggplant without causing apparent pathogenic symptoms. The mechanisms by which these endophytes confer resistance to infection by V. dahliae are unknown but the effectiveness of these fungi in a laboratory setting indicates that they have potential as biocontrol agents and merit further investigation.  相似文献   

Intravenous infusion of amino acids in dogs attenuates hypothermia during anaesthesia and stimulates insulin secretion          下载免费PDF全文

Satoshi Takashima  Sanae Shibata  Kazuto Yamada  Mizuho Ogawa  Naohito Nishii  Hitoshi Kitagawa 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2016,43(4):379-387

  相似文献   

Census and effective population sizes of white‐spotted charr (Salvelinus leucomaenis) in a fragmented landscape          下载免费PDF全文

Shoichiro Yamamoto  Hitoshi Kubota  Koh Hasegawa  Tomoyuki Nakamura 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2016,25(4):612-621

Several habitat models have been proposed to predict population size for stream fishes and to guide habitat assessment and monitoring techniques. However, most models do not incorporate the potential advantage of molecular genetic markers. We conducted a field survey and microsatellite DNA analyses to quantify the relationships among genetic diversity, census/effective population size and habitat variables in fragmented populations of white‐spotted charr (Salvelinus leucomaenis). The census population size significantly increased with the stream length, the number of pools and a pool‐riffle sequence index, a proxy for channel‐unit habitat type complexity within reaches. Population density was correlated with the pool‐riffle sequence index only. Genetic diversity and effective population size were not correlated with the habitat variables or census population size. There was a lack of isolation‐by‐distance population structure in the studied populations. Our results suggest that stream length and the number of pools within reaches associated with habitat complexity are the habitat variables that explain the majority of variation in population size of white‐spotted charr. Our findings provide further evidence that census population size per se is a poor indicator of the inclusive genetic diversity within populations in a fragmented landscape.  相似文献   

Estimation of daily urinary potassium excretion using urinary creatinine as an index substance in prepartum dairy cows     

Hideki ASAI  Noboru HAYASHI  Naoharu TAKAI  Yoshihisa YOSHIMURA  Yutaka NAKAMURA  Hiroomi YOKOTA  Kazumi KITA 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(1):51-54

In the present study, the daily excretion of potassium (K) in urine (urinary K(UK)) was estimated from a 6 h urine sample using urinary creatinine (UC) as the index substance. All urine was collected from six pregnant Holstein cows at 6 h intervals for 24 h on 3 days of the 4th, 2nd and final week before the expected date of parturition. In total, 72 6 h urine samples were obtained. Daily UC excretion (mg/day per kg bodyweight (BW)) was almost the same for the three sampling days. Daily UC excretion varied among cows from 22.1 to 24.3 mg/day per kg BW with a mean of 22.8 mg/day per kg BW with no significant difference. Thus, daily UC excretion was confirmed to be constant throughout the prepartum period with no differences among individuals. The concentration ratios of K to creatinine ((UK mg/dL)/(UC mg/dL) (UK/UC)) correlated strongly to the hourly K excretions (mg/h per kg BW) (r = 0.952, P < 0.01) in the 6 h urine samples. The differences in the UK/UC ratio between sampling periods were not significant within each cow. Therefore, daily UK excretion (mg/day) can be estimated using the equation: daily UK excretion (mg/day) = daily UC excretion (mg/day per kg BW) × BW (kg) × 6 h urine sample UK/UC, where daily UC excretion can be a given value.  相似文献   

Phylogenetic Analysis of Sugarcane Rusts Based on Sequences of ITS, 5.8 S rDNA and D1/D2 Regions of LSU rDNA     

Eric V VIRTUDAZO  Hitoshi NAKAMURA  Makoto KAKISHIMA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(1):28-36

Phylogenetic analysis of sugarcane rusts based on sequences of ITS and the 5.8 S rDNA revealed two highly divergent ITS groups among isolates of Puccinia sp. sensu Muta, 1987 and P. kuehnii specimens. Although there is sufficient divergence (exceeding normal intraspecific variation) between the ITS regions of the two groups to support separation into different species, unusually high homology of the ITS group I sequences with those of members of Cronartium and identical sequences of the D1/D2 regions of the LSU rDNA for all the isolates of “Puccinia sp.” and P. kuehnii that otherwise exhibited different ITS sequences, suggest that the two highly divergent sequences may have resulted from abnormal genetic events leading to non-orthologous, intraspeciflc polymorphisms. The other sugarcane rust, P. melanocephala and the grass rusts, P. miscanthi and P. rufipes, were separated from “Puccinia sp.” and P. kuehnii and from each other in D1/D2 region analyses, indicating that D1/D2 region sequences may more correctly reflect phylogenetic relationships in these rusts than do the ITS regions. Further studies to examine differences in patho-genicity or finer morphological features within P. kuehnii that may be correlated with the high divergence in ITS sequences and experiments to determine if these two sequence types represent intraspeciflc polymorphism are necessary. Received 11 October 2000/ Accepted in revised form 24 November 2000  相似文献   

An Improved Method for Isolating Violet Root Rot Fungus, Helicobasidium mompa, from Basidiocarps     

Hitoshi NAKAMURA  Yukari UETAKE  Masao ARAKAWA  Ikuko OKABE  Naoyuki MATSUMOTO 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(1):37-40

Basidiocarps of the violet root rot fungus, Helicobasidium mompa, are less frequently used for isolation than are mycelial strands and sclerotia even though the basidiocarps are conspicuously produced at the trunk base of diseased plants. Basidiocarps are also more suitable for storage. This paper describes an improved method for obtaining pure cultures from basidiocarps using microcentrifuge tubes to facilitate the awkward steps of rinsing fungal materials under a dissecting microscope. Received 28 June 2000/ Accepted in revised form 4 August 2000  相似文献   

Hyaluronidase is not essential for the lethality of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection in mice     

Shimoji Y  Asato H  Sekizaki T  Mori Y  Yokomizo Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(2):173-176

To investigate the role of hyaluronidase in the pathogenicity of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, transposon Tn916 was transferred from Enterococcus faecalis CG110 to a virulent strain of E. rhusiopathiae, and hyaluronidase-deficient mutants were isolated. A virulence assay in the mice showed that of the seven hyaluronidase-deficient mutants tested, six mutants were avirulent, but that one mutant, designated AST121, was as virulent as its parental strain. Western immunoblotting with a monoclonal antibody specific to the capsule, a major virulence factor of the organism, revealed that all of the avirulent mutants had lost the capsular antigen, whereas the mutant AST121 did not. These results suggest that the lack of virulence of the six hyaluronidase-negative mutants could be due to a loss of the capsule and that hyaluronidase does not contribute to the lethality of E. rhusiopathiae infection in mice.  相似文献