The effect of dietary chloride and bicarbonate on blood pH, haematological variables, pulmonary hypertension and ascites in broiler chickens.     

E J Squires  R J Julian 《British poultry science》2001,42(2):207-212

1. The effect of supplementing grower diets with bicarbonate or chloride on haematological variables, pulmonary hypertension syndrome and ascites in broilers exposed to cold temperature was investigated. 2. High concentrations of dietary chloride had no effect on the pH of the venous blood but a low chloride/high bicarbonate diet significantly increased blood pH. There was no consistent effect of dietary chloride or bicarbonate concentrations on growth performance, although in 1 experiment birds given a low chloride/high bicarbonate diet consumed less food and gained less weight than controls. 3. Birds fed on high-chloride diets tended to have a higher incidence of ascites and pulmonary hypertension than controls. Birds fed on low-chloride and high-bicarbonate diets had significantly lower pulmonary hypertension and lower heart weights, which may have indicated a decrease in pulmonary and systemic blood pressure. 4. We conclude that increasing dietary bicarbonate and reducing dietary chloride has potential as a low cost and effective method to reduce the pulmonary hypertension which leads to ascites in broiler chickens.  相似文献   

Feline immunodeficiency virus neurotropism: evidence that astrocytes and microglia are the primary target cells.     

S W Dow  M J Dreitz  E A Hoover 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1992,35(1-2):23-35

To investigate the neuropathogenesis of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection in vitro, we have utilized three populations of cultured feline neural cells (astrocytes, microglia, brain endothelium) to assess the relative susceptibility to FIV infection, ability to produce viral antigens, and effects of infection on cell survival. Astrocytes appeared to be the most susceptible to infection, followed by microglia, whereas brain endothelial cells were relatively resistant to infection. Astrocyte infection resulted in syncytium formation and cell death, while microglial cells remained persistently and productively infected, without obvious cytopathic effects. These results suggest that FIV entry into the central nervous system probably does not occur via infected endothelium and that both astrocytes and microglia are more likely target cells for the virus.  相似文献   

Veterinary Practice Management     

AT Hansen 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(12):460-460

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International development: A new beginning          下载免费PDF全文

Julian D  Mills M  Carrière S  Stevenson B 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(12):966-967

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An Unusual Necrotizing cholangiohepatitis in Broiler Chickens          下载免费PDF全文

Shapiro JL  Julian RJ  Hampson RJ  Trenton RG  Yo IH 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):636-639

A diagnosis of toxic necrotizing cholangiohepatitis was made in approximately 35% of a flock of 23,000 commercial broiler chickens. Affected chickens were small, and had discrete green foci throughout the liver. Seven to twelve days prior to shipping the flock to slaughter, premixes containing oxytetracycline, monensin, and 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid had been added to the ration because the birds had wet droppings and were growing slowly. The 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid had been inadvertently incorporated at ten times the recommended level. Liver and kidney of affected birds had elevated levels of total arsenic, and special strains demonstrated arsenic in necrotic foci in liver. Histologically there was marked dilation of intrahepatic bile ducts, and patchy necrosis and hyperplasia of the bile duct epithelium. Damage to bile ducts may have been a toxic manifestation of altered metabolism and excretion of the three drugs being fed to birds suffering from intercurrent diarrhea and/or undefined interactions among the drugs.  相似文献   

Caprine beta-Mannosidosis in Kids from an Ontario Herd     

Shapiro JL  Rostkowski C  Little PB  Smith-Maxie L  Julian RJ  Van Dreumel AA 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(5):155-158

Caprine β-mannosidosis, a fatal inherited deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme β-mannosidase, was diagnosed in neonatal female Nubian crossbred twin kids from a small herd near Guelph, Ontario. The kids had been tetraplegic since birth, with whole body tremors, abnormal nystagmus and an intention tremor of the head.  相似文献   

Socio-economic importance of the diagnosis of disease in the backyard species in the Caribbean          下载免费PDF全文

Julian RJ 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1990,31(4):306-307

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Effect of Heat‐treatment on Accuracy of Infrared Spectroscopy and Digital and Optical Brix Refractometers for Measuring Immunoglobulin G Concentration in Bovine Colostrum          下载免费PDF全文

I. Elsohaby  J.T. McClure  N. Dow  G.P. Keefe 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(1):491-496

Background

Heat‐treatment of colostrum is a method developed to reduce calf exposure to pathogens. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and Brix refractometers can be used for measuring colostral IgG concentration and assessing colostrum quality.

Objectives

To determine the impact of heat‐treatment on accuracy of IR spectroscopy and Brix refractometers for measuring colostral IgG concentration and assessing colostrum quality before and after heat‐treatment.

Animals

A total of 60 Holstein dairy cows on 8 commercial dairy farms.

Methods

A cross‐sectional study was designed to determine the effect of heat‐treatment at 60°C and 63°C each for 30 and 60 minutes duration on colostral IgG concentration measured by the reference radial immunodiffusion (RID) assay, IR spectroscopy, and digital and optical refractometers.

Results

Colostrum IgG concentration significantly decreased after heat‐treatment at 63°C for 30 or 60 minutes as measured by RID, but the IgG values remained unchanged when measured by IR spectroscopy and refractometers. The lowest correlation coefficient found between IR spectroscopy (r = 0.70) and RID results was in colostrum heat‐treated at 63°C for 60 minutes. For digital (r = 0.48) and optical (r = 0.50) refractometers, the lowest correlation coefficient was at 63°C for 30 minutes when compared to RID. The accuracy of the IR spectroscopy, digital and optical Brix refractometers was decreased from 91.7 to 80%, 81.7 to 45%, and 80 to 45%, respectively, when colostrum heat‐treated at 63°C for 60 minutes.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Radial immunodiffusion, IR spectroscopy, and Brix refractometers exhibit utility for measuring IgG concentration when colostrum heat‐treated at 60°C but does not detect decrease IgG concentrations when heat‐treated at 63°C.  相似文献   

Use of in vitro assays to identify antibiotics that are cytotoxic to normal equine chondrocytes and synovial cells     

Lynn Pezzanite  Lyndah Chow  Gabriella Piquini  Gregg Griffenhagen  Dominique Ramirez  Steven Dow  Laurie Goodrich 《Equine veterinary journal》2021,53(3):579-589

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鸡粪沼液复合微生物有机肥在温室樱桃番茄上的应用效果研究     

刘菊莲  孙洁  王文林  胡馨月  胡登吉 《吉林蔬菜》2021,(1):63-64

为了探讨鸡粪沼液复合微生物有机肥在樱桃番茄上的田间应用效果,在滴灌施肥的条件下,设置化肥和液体复合微生物有机肥两个处理进行对比应用,结果表明施用液体复合微生物有机肥的处理其单果重可提高39.69%,含糖量可提高11.94%,茎粗可提高8.76%,Vc含量可提高5.72%,产量可提高30.95%,节约成本1.32%,可有效促进作物生长,提高果实着色均匀度,提高作物抗病性。同时,土壤速效氮提高6.87%,土壤速效磷46.23%,土壤速效钾提高16.86%,有机质含量提高12.64%,为作物提供了良好的生长环境。说明液体复合微生物有机肥对作物产量、品质以及土壤改良均有显著的提升作用,具有一定的应用前景。  相似文献