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Stanislav Trdan Matej Vidrih Nevenka Valič Žiga Laznik 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(2):169-175
Abstract In 2005, preparations of four species of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema feltiae, S. carpocapsae, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, and H. megidis, were tested under laboratory conditions for their ability to kill adult flea beetles, Phyllotreta spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). The nematode preparations were tested at doses of 200, 1000, and 2000 IJs per adult and at temperatures 15°C, 20°C, and 25°C. The numbers of beetles killed were recorded two, four, six, and eight days after treatment. The nematodes were more effective at 20°C and 25°C than at 15°C. At 20°C, the nematodes had killed between 44% (H. megidis at the lowest dose tested) and 77% (S. feltiae at the lowest dose tested) of the beetles eight days after treatment. At the two highest doses tested, the S. feltiae, S. carpocapsae, and H. bacteriophora preparations each killed at least 74% of the beetles at 25°C. Steinernema feltiae was the most effective nematode (LC50=483–1467 IJs/adult) and, as an alternative to chemical insecticides, appears to have the highest potential for controlling overwintered flea beetles (May) under field conditions. The nematodes S. feltiae, S. carpocapsae and H. bacteriophora would all be suitable for controlling adult flea beetles during warm summer months, when flea beetles occur in high numbers in Slovenia. 相似文献
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Žiga Laznik Stanislav Trdan 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(2):95-108
White grubs are the root-feeding larvae of scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), and they are among the most destructive pests of turfgrass, pastures and horticultural plants in many parts of the world. A two-year field experiment was conducted to control different white grub species in an organically utilised meadow with dry forage conservation. The efficacy of Beauveria brongniartii, Beauveria bassiana, Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki, B. thuringiensis var. tenebrionis and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora was tested against the white grubs in comparison with untreated control (only water suspension was used). The application of biological control agents was conducted twice (April and August). Our observations show that several biological control agents are capable of controlling the populations of the first and second instar larvae of different scarab grub species. The efficacy of most biological control agents, however, declines when larvae reach the third instar stage. The most promising combination tested in our study is that of entomopathogenic fungi and H. bacteriophora for controlling the first- and second-stage instar larvae. In addition, the summer application proved to be more suitable for control of the first-stage instar larvae than the spring application. 相似文献
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Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - The efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes in controlling Leptinotarsa decemlineata on potato was tested in a field experiment. A Slovenian strain of... 相似文献
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Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Three species of entomopathogenic nematodes from Slovenia (Steinernema feltiae B30, S. carpocapsae C101, and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora D54) and... 相似文献
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Žiga Laznik Stanislav Trdan Filip Vučajnk Tanja Bohinc Matej Vidrih 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(7):606-614
In Slovenia, only tefluthrin is registered for controlling wireworms. In order to investigate the potential alternatives for controlling wireworms in potato, the field experiment was conducted in the period from 2011 (year 1) to 2012 (year 2). As alternatives, different Brassica crops (year 1: rapeseed, oilseed radish and white mustard; year 2: rapeseed, oilseed radish, oilseed rape, kale and white mustard) were tested (fresh foliage was incorporated into the soil by ploughing) for their biofumigant effect. Results of our investigation showed that in both years the potato yield was affected by measures of pest control; however, none of the tested biofumigant plants proved to be a potentially promising candidate in wireworm control. The rapid release of volatiles after plant chopping before and during incorporation into the soil could be the reason of inefficacy in our experiment. In our study, most wireworm damage occurred on biggest potato tubers. Moreover, edge effect of the field played an important role in our experiment in year 1. Treatment (chemical or biological) of wireworms only at the edge part of the field could offer a cost-effective, time-saving and environmentally more friendly way of controlling studied pest organism. 相似文献
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Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are agents that can be used for the biological control of pests associated with pesticides in a tank mix. Compatibility studies need to be conducted to analyse which products are compatible with EPNs. The survival of infective juveniles (IJs) of four species of EPNs (Steinernema, Heterorhabditis) was determined after exposure to eight chemical herbicides. The effect of direct IJs exposure to herbicides for 1, 4 and 24 h was tested in a Petri dish at 15, 20 and 25 °C. The study showed that Steinernema kraussei was the most tolerant among the tested EPN species, while S. carpocapsae was the most sensitive to all tested herbicides. The lowest mortality of IJs was at 15 °C (19%). Our investigation showed, overall, the herbicides negatively affected EPN survival. The results confirmed that the compatibility is a species-specific characteristic, influenced by the temperature and time of exposure. Application of two different control ingredients (insecticide and herbicide) at the same time would reduce cost and time consumption in pest/weed control. 相似文献
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