Reply     

SE RIDGE  JW GALVIN 《Australian veterinary journal》2005,83(12):767-767

  相似文献   

Safety and immunogenicity of a delta inulin-adjuvanted inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine in pregnant mares and foals     

Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann  Natalie A Prow  Wenqi Wang  Cindy SE Tan  Mitchell Coyle  Alysha Douma  Jody Hobson-Peters  Lisa Kidd  Roy A Hall  Nikolai Petrovsky 《Veterinary research》2014,45(1)

In 2011, following severe flooding in Eastern Australia, an unprecedented epidemic of equine encephalitis occurred in South-Eastern Australia, caused by Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV) and a new variant strain of Kunjin virus, a subtype of West Nile virus (WNV_KUN). This prompted us to assess whether a delta inulin-adjuvanted, inactivated cell culture-derived Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) vaccine (JE-ADVAX™) could be used in horses, including pregnant mares and foals, to not only induce immunity to JEV, but also elicit cross-protective antibodies against MVEV and WNV_KUN. Foals, 74–152 days old, received two injections of JE-ADVAX™. The vaccine was safe and well-tolerated and induced a strong JEV-neutralizing antibody response in all foals. MVEV and WNV_KUN antibody cross-reactivity was seen in 33% and 42% of the immunized foals, respectively. JE-ADVAX™ was also safe and well-tolerated in pregnant mares and induced high JEV-neutralizing titers. The neutralizing activity was passively transferred to their foals via colostrum. Foals that acquired passive immunity to JEV via maternal antibodies then were immunized with JE-ADVAX™ at 36–83 days of age, showed evidence of maternal antibody interference with low peak antibody titers post-immunization when compared to immunized foals of JEV-naïve dams. Nevertheless, when given a single JE-ADVAX™ booster immunization as yearlings, these animals developed a rapid and robust JEV-neutralizing antibody response, indicating that they were successfully primed to JEV when immunized as foals, despite the presence of maternal antibodies. Overall, JE-ADVAX™ appears safe and well-tolerated in pregnant mares and young foals and induces protective levels of JEV neutralizing antibodies with partial cross-neutralization of MVEV and WNV_KUN.  相似文献   

Expression of Perilipin 2 (PLIN2) in Porcine Oocytes During Maturation     

RN Zhang  XW Fu  BY Jia  C Liu  KR Cheng  SE Zhu 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(5):875-880

Perilipins have been reported to limit the interaction of lipases with neutral lipids within the droplets, thereby regulating neutral lipid accumulation and utilization. This study aimed to identify the location and expression of PLIN1 and PLIN2 in porcine oocytes during maturation. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), immunostaining and Western blot methods were used to characterize the expression and distribution patterns of PLIN1 and PLIN2 in porcine oocytes. The results showed that PLIN1 was not detectable in porcine oocytes. PLIN2 and BODIPY 493/503‐detected neutral lipid droplets appeared identical distribution patterns and extensive colocalization in both GV and MII porcine oocytes. PLIN2 protein expression was higher in GV oocytes than that in MII oocytes (p < 0.05), although PLIN2 mRNA expression was similar in both groups. These findings suggested that PLIN2 was a major lipid droplet‐associated protein in porcine oocytes.  相似文献   

Feline immunodeficiency virus     

WF ROBINSON  SE SHAW  R ALEXANDER  I ROBERTSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(8):278-280

  相似文献   

Dirofilaria immitis in cats from inner Sydney     

K KENDALL  GH COLLINS† †  SE POPE† 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(11):356-357

Two hundred feral cats from the inner suburbs of Sydney were examined post mortem for adult Dirofilaria immitis and circulating microfilariae, and 101 of these cats were tested for heartworm antigens by an ELISA. Only 2 cats (1%) had adult heartworms, the blood sample from another cat contained a single microfilaria. The blood of a further three cats contained small amounts of D immitis antigen. Although D immitis occurs in cats in Sydney, the prevalence is not high enough to warrant prophylactic treatment.  相似文献   

Spironucleus muris in laboratory mice     

A. WHITEHOUSE  MP FRANCE  SE POPE  JE LLOYD  RC RATCLIFFE 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(5):193-193

  相似文献   

Space,Time, and Local Employment Growth: An Application of Spatial Regression Analysis     

RICHARD SHEARMUR  PHILIPPE APPARICIO  PAULINE LIZION  MARIO POLSE 《Growth and change》2007,38(4):696-722

ABSTRACT Local and regional employment growth is generally studied either by searching for local qualitative explanatory factors such as governance, synergy between firms, and milieu effects, or by searching for general growth factors using statistical techniques. The body of work that relies on this approach has tended, in keeping with economics’ nomothetic tradition, to assume that local and regional growth factors are constant over space. The focus of this paper is on exploring the spatial stationarity of employment growth factors in Canada, but it also seeks to clarify some of the broad principles behind spatial regression techniques in order to provide a point of entry and a conceptual framework for empirical researchers. To do so, we apply a recently developed technique, Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), and we explore the method's advantages and limits for answering our research question. We find evidence that growth factors differ across Canada, but we also conclude that the GWR technique, given the number and shape of regions available for our analysis and given certain limitations that are currently inherent to the method, can only provide tentative and exploratory results.  相似文献   

Congenital hypothyroidism in Scottish Deerhound puppies     

WF ROBINSON  SE SHAW  B. STANLEY  RS WYBURN 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(12):386-389

Two Scottish Deerhound puppies had clinical and pathological features consistent with the diagnosis of congenital non-goitrous hypothyroidism. They were from separate litters, but were the progeny of the same sire and dam. The puppies were smaller, had shorter limbs and shorter, broader heads than their littermates. They also had histories of weakness, difficulty in walking and somnolence. A characteristic radiographic feature was the absence of epiphyseal growth centres. Both had depressed serum thyroxine (T4) levels and one did not respond to exogenous thyroid stimulating hormone. On necropsy, the thyroid glands were small, the follicles varied in size and contained little or no colloid. The adenohypophysis contained many cells with markedly vacuolated cytoplasm. It is suggested that the clinicopathological pattern is the result of a primary thyroid abnormality. Possible mechanisms include either primary thyroid hypoplasia or an unresponsiveness to thyroid stimulating hormone.  相似文献   

Lactobacillus parafarraginis ZH1 producing anti‐yeast substances to improve the aerobic stability of silage          下载免费PDF全文

Qinhua Liu  Steven E. Lindow  Jianguo Zhang 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(9):1302-1309

Enhancing the aerobic stability of silage is very important in silage production. The objective of this study was to compare the roles of a new bacterial strain Lactobacillus parafarraginis ZH1 with Lactobacillus plantarum Chikuso‐1 (LP) and Lactobacillus buchneri NCIMB 40788 (LB) in improving the aerobic stability of oat silage and identify the anti‐yeast substances produced by them. After ensiled for 45 days, either inoculated silages or control silage were of pH values lower than 4.2. The control and LP inoculated silage had poorer aerobic stability than LB and ZH1 inoculated ones (p < 0.05). ZH1 inoculated silage produced more acetic acid, benzoic acid and hexadecanoic acid than LB inoculated one and had the best aerobic stability (p < 0.05). In MRS medium, strain ZH1 produced more hexadecanoic acid than LP and LB strains, more benzoic acid than strain LP (p < 0.05), and the equal amount of benzoic acid to LB (p > 0.05). In addition, benzoic acid and hexadecanoic acid had low minimal inhibitory concentrations to target yeasts in the pure culture. In conclusion, L. parafarraginis ZH1 had stronger anti‐yeast potential and more effectively improved the aerobic stability of silage than other strains used in this study.  相似文献   

Light,soil, and seedling characteristics associated with varying levels of competition in a red pine plantation     

Johnson  James E.  Lindow  Scott G.  Rogers  Robert 《New Forests》1998,15(1):23-36

Red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) seedlings growing under differing levels of competition were evaluated during the fifth growing season following planting, and placed into low, moderate, or high tree classes, as a function of levels of competing vegetation. Tree growth, moisture status, and nutrition were monitored over the growing season. Additionally, site characteristics such as soil temperature and moisture, inorganic nitrogen concentration, mineralized soil nitrogen, and light were measured. Red pine seedlings growing under low competition had an absolute volume growth increase of 795% over the seedlings growing under the heaviest competition. The associated relative volume growth increase during the fifth growing season was 44%. Discriminant analysis was used to describe three classes of trees representing low, moderate, and high levels of competition. Trees growing under low competition had longer and heavier needles, but generally lower nutrient concentrations. Pre-dawn plant moisture status did not vary among competition levels. Soil variables indicated that, in general, the trees growing under low competition occupied warmer, drier, and less fertile microsites, as inorganic soil N and mean monthly mineralized NO₃-N and NH₄>-N tended to be lower on these microsites. The suite of independent variables was effective in classifying the model data into three tree competition classes, with percent correct classifications of 92, 75, and 100 for low (tree class one), moderate (tree class two), and heavy (tree class three) competition, respectively.  相似文献