Abstracts of papers presented at A meeting of the phytopathological society of Israel on disease-hazards and prospects of container-grown plants     

Y. Chen  Y. Inbar  S. Zilkah  A. Koren  M. Dinar  M. Gokkes  M. Raviv  R. Reuveni  Shlomot Medina  Y. Shamir  Orna Etzion  Orna Duvdevani  Y. Shor  R. Schayer  Ester Hadar  Ruhama Berliner  A. Gamliel  J. Katan  G. Kritzman  Leah Tsror  A. Nachmias  V. Weitsman  D. Mor  Y. Inbar  M. J. Boehm  H. A. J. Hoitink  Y. Hadar  Y. Elad  H. Yunis  H. Volpin  E. Pressman  A. Gamliel  J. Katan  M. Sachs 《Phytoparasitica》1991,19(2):161-170

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Induction of sexual activity of male creole goats in subtropical northern Mexico using long days and melatonin   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Delgadillo JA  Carrillo E  Morán J  Duarte G  Chemineau P  Malpaux B 《Journal of animal science》2001,79(9):2245-2252

The aim of this study was to determine whether the sexual activity of local male Creole goats in subtropical Mexico can be induced during the non-breeding season by a long-day treatment followed by insertion of two melatonin implants. The experiment was carried out in the Laguna region in the State of Coahuila, Mexico (26 degrees N). Fourteen male goats were allocated to two balanced groups (n = 7 each) according to body and testicular weights. Males were kept together in two separate groups and fed lucerne hay for ad libitum intake and 300 g of commercial concentrate and had free access to water and mineral blocks. The control group remained in open sheds under natural photoperiod and ambient temperature conditions. The experimental group was placed in a light-proof building and exposed to 2.5 mo of long days (16 h of light/d) from November 1 to January 15. On January 16, each male received two s.c. melatonin implants and was exposed to natural photoperiodic changes in an open shed. In the control group, testicular weight exhibited seasonal variations; the highest value occurred on May 30 (146 +/- 10 g). Treated males reached maximum testicular weight earlier (March 15; 147 +/- 11 g), and sperm quality from January to March was higher than that observed in the control group (P < 0.05). Treatment caused an increase in LH pulse frequency (2.0 +/- 0.5 vs 0.3 +/- 0.2 pulse/8 h in February, 4.6 +/- 1.1 vs 0.1 +/- 0.1 pulse/8 h in March; experimental vs control group, respectively). In the control group, plasma testosterone remained low until mid-June and increased thereafter to remain elevated until the end of the study. In the experimental group, elevated plasma testosterone was observed from February to April and from July to November. Treating male goats in subtropical latitudes with artificial long days and melatonin can induce an intense sexual activity during the natural nonbreeding season.  相似文献   

Effects of past growth trends and current water use strategies on Scots pine and pubescent oak drought sensitivity     

T. Morán-López  R. Poyatos  P. Llorens  S. Sabaté 《European Journal of Forest Research》2014,133(2):369-382

Drought-induced decline is affecting Pinus sylvestris populations in southern Europe, with very little impact on the more drought-tolerant Quercus pubescens. Although multiple studies have investigated interspecific differences in water use and growth strategies, the link between these two processes and how they vary within drought-exposed populations remains poorly understood. Here, we analysed tree ring and sap flow data from P. sylvestris and Q. pubescens stands in the Pyrenees in order to (1) evaluate differences in climate–growth responses among species, (2) disentangle the role of past growth trends and water use strategies in individual trees drought sensitivity and (3) assess whether such intraspecific patterns vary between species. Both species have suffered recent climatic constraints related to increased aridity. However, the effects of past growth trends and current water use traits on drought sensitivity varied among them. Initially, fast-growing ‘drought-sensitive’ pines displayed a higher gas exchange potential but were more sensitive to evaporative demand and soil moisture. They also showed lower water use efficiency for growth (WUE_BAI) and current growth decline. In contrast, initially, slow-growing ‘drought-tolerant’ pines showed the opposite water use traits and currently maintain the highest growth rates. In comparison, neither current WUE_BAI nor recent growth trends varied across Q. pubescens climate–growth groups. Nonetheless, ‘drought-sensitive’ oaks showed the lowest gas exchange potential and the highest growth rates under milder conditions. Our results show a strong effect of past growth trends and current water use strategies on tree resilience to increased aridity, which is more evident in P. sylvestris.  相似文献   

A neoplastic gene fusion mimics trans-splicing of RNAs in normal human cells     

Li H  Wang J  Mor G  Sklar J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5894):1357-1361

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Detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in seropositive cattle     

Gogorza LM  Morán PE  Larghi JL  Seguí R  Lissarrague C  Saracco M  Braun M  Esteban EN 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2005,72(1-2):49-54; discussion 215-9

Detection of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in one vaccinated beef cattle and three non-vaccinated dairy herds was investigated on peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) with or without previous treatment followed by a capture ELISA (cELISA). Using the combination of PHA and polycation treatment, PBL from 229 seropositive cattle were studied and could be classified in four different states of BVDV infection. Lysed PBL from four animals were directly positive in cELISA (Category I), PBL of 17 animals were positive after PHA stimulation (Category II), 15 animals were positive only after PHA stimulation plus polycation treatment (Category III), while virus could not be detected in 193 seropositive cattle. Wild-type BVDV strains were isolated by co-culture on polycation-treated MDBK cells from 11 of these seropositive animals. BVDV antibodies of these same animals were able to neutralize their own virus, indicating that virus persists in PBL in spite of strain-specific antibodies. No apparent change of leukocyte subpopulations could be detected in any category of virus-positive animals. Thus, BVDV may be present in the PBL of some cattle, even in the presence of a specific active immune response.  相似文献   

Effect of organic acids and mannanoligosaccharide on excretion of Salmonella typhimurium in experimentally infected growing pigs     

Calveyra JC  Nogueira MG  Kich JD  Biesus LL  Vizzotto R  Berno L  Coldebella A  Lopes L  Morés N  Lima GJ  Cardoso M 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(1):46-47

The effect of organic acids and mannanoligosaccharide addition to the diet was assessed in pigs orally inoculated with Salmonella typhimurium. Forty-six growers were distributed among four treatments: Basal Diet (BD); BD+encapsulated organic acids; BD+free organic acids; BD+mannanoligosaccharide. Seroconversion was monitored, and feces and tissue samples were tested for Salmonella isolation. No treatment prevented the carrier state, but a tendency of lower fecal excretion was observed in the group treated with mannanoligosaccharide.  相似文献   

Distribution of preservatives in thermally modified Scots pine and Norway spruce sapwood     

Sheikh Ali Ahmed  Lars Hansson  Tom Morén 《Wood Science and Technology》2013,47(3):499-513

Studying the impregnation and distribution of oil-based preservative in dried wood is complicated as wood is a nonhomogeneous, hygroscopic and porous material, and especially of anisotropic nature. However, this study is important since it has influence on the durability of wood. To enhance the durability of thermally modified wood, a new method for preservative impregnation is introduced, avoiding the need for external pressure or vacuum. This article presents a study on preservative distribution in thermally treated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) sapwood using computed tomography scanning, light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Secondary treatment of thermally modified wood was performed on a laboratory scale by impregnation with two types of preservatives, viz. Elit Träskydd (Beckers) and pine tar (tar), to evaluate their distribution in the wood cells. Preservative solutions were impregnated in the wood using a simple and effective method. Samples were preheated to 170 °C in a drying oven and immediately submerged in preservative solutions for simultaneous impregnation and cooling. Tar penetration was found higher than Beckers, and their distribution decreased with increasing sample length. Owing to some anatomical properties, uptake of preservatives was low in spruce. Besides, dry-induced interstitial spaces, which are proven important flow paths for seasoned wood, were not observed in this species.  相似文献   

Analysis of Acid Alizarin Violet N Dye Removal Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Adsorbent     

Mitter  Eduardo Kovalski  dos Santos  Graziely Cristina  de Almeida  Érica Janaína Rodrigues  Morão  Luana Galvão  Rodrigues  Heide Dayane Prates  Corso  Carlos Renato 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(2):765-770

With the development of the textile industry, there has been a demand for dye removal from contaminated effluents. In recent years, attention has been directed toward various natural solid materials that are capable of removing pollutants from contaminated water at low cost. One such material is sugarcane bagasse. The aim of the present study was to evaluate adsorption of the dye Acid Violet Alizarin N with different concentrations of sugarcane bagasse and granulometry in agitated systems at different pH. The most promising data (achieved with pH 2.5) was analyzed with both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms equations. The model that better fits dye adsorption interaction into sugarcane bagasse is Freundlich equation, and thus the multilayer model. Moreover, a smaller bagasse granulometry led to greater dye adsorption. The best treatment was achieved with a granulometry value lower than 0.21 mm at pH 2.50, in which the total removal was estimated at a concentration of 16.25 mg mL⁻¹. Hence, sugarcane bagasse proves to be very attractive for dye removal from textile effluents.  相似文献   

Prevalence of Sarcocystis spp. in Argentinean cattle     

Moré G  Abrahamovich P  Jurado S  Bacigalupe D  Marin JC  Rambeaud M  Venturini L  Venturini MC 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,177(1-2):162-165

Sarcocystis cruzi, S. hirsuta and S. hominis are apicomplexan parasites that affect cattle worldwide with variable prevalence. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of Sarcocystis spp. in Argentinean cattle comparing microscopic fresh examination and molecular methods. Blood, myocardium and loin samples were collected in five slaughterhouses from a total of 380 bovines. Origin of animals was representative of the major beef cattle production area of Argentina. Samples were analyzed by fresh microscopical examination, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), IFAT and PCR-RFLP. Thin walled sarcocysts corresponding with S. cruzi were found in 99.5% of heart samples. Sarcocysts were detected in 73.1% of loin samples; 71.5% had S. cruzi cysts and 23.1% had thick walled sarcocysts (S. hirsuta or S. hominis). TEM observation revealed the presence of characteristic S. hominis and S. hirsuta cyst walls in 7 and 1 loin samples respectively. Using IFAT, 379/380 animals had titers 25 or higher, showing a full agreement with fresh examination. Amplification products were detected in 35.5% (135/380) of loin samples; however Sarcocystis species could only be determined by RFLP in 29 samples. Agreement between fresh examination and PCR was low (Kappa value=0.262). This is the first report of S. hominis and S. hirsuta in Argentina. Further studies are needed to improve the sensitivity of molecular methods for species identification, especially for differentiation of S. cruzi and S. hirsuta from the zoonotic species S. hominis. The results of the present study and others focusing on sensitivity and specificity of Sarcocystis spp. diagnostic methods should contribute to improve food safety.  相似文献   

Molecular cloning and expression of FGF2 gene in pre‐implantation developmental stages of in vitro‐produced sheep embryos          下载免费PDF全文

A Mor  S Mondal  IJ Reddy  S Nandi  PSP Gupta 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(4):895-903

Early embryonic mortality is one of the main sources of reproductive loss in domestic ruminants including sheep. Fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2) is a member of FGFs family that mediates trophoblast activities and regulates embryonic development in various species. In this study, we have cloned, characterized sheep FGF2 cDNA (KU316368) and studied the expression in sheep embryos. Ovaries of non‐pregnant sheep were collected from local abattoir and matured in culture medium at 38.5ºC, 5% CO₂, 95% humidity for 22–24 hr. The matured oocytes were inseminated with capacitated spermatozoa in Brackett and Oliphant medium and resulted embryos were cultured in CO₂ incubator for 6–7 days to complete the developmental stages from two cells to blastocyst stage. Total RNA was extracted from immature oocytes (n = 100), mature oocytes (n = 100) and different stages of embryos such as 2 cell (n = 50), 4 cell (n = 25), 8 cell (n = 12), 16 cell (n = 6), morula (n = 5) and blastocyst (n = 3). The total RNA isolated from the oocytes and embryos was reverse transcribed and subjected to real‐time polymerase chain reaction using sequence‐specific primers and SYBR green as the DNA dye. On sequence analysis, the nucleotide sequence of sheep FGF2 exhibited highest sequence similarity with cattle (100%) and least with rat and mouse (69.2%). At the deduced amino acid level, a highest degree of similarity was noticed with cattle, buffalo, goat, pig, camel and horse (100%) and lowest degree of identity with rat, human and mouse (98.2%). The FGF2 mRNA expression was higher in immature and mature oocytes and gradually decreases from 2‐cell stage of embryo to the blastocyst stage. More over a significant differences in FGF2 mRNA expression (p < .05) were observed between immature oocytes and all pre‐implantation stages of embryo. It can be concluded that FGF‐2 plays a significant role in pre‐implantation and early development of embryos in sheep.  相似文献