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1.
Objective To study the course of intraocular pressure (IOP) after cataract surgery in 50 dogs. Design Prospective study. Animals Fifty dogs without preoperative ocular hypertension were selected for cataract surgery. Methods All dogs underwent cataract surgery: 25 by manual extracapsular extraction and 25 by phacoemulsification. For each dog, intraocular pressure was measured before surgery, and 1, 3, 5, 18 h, 1 week and 1 month post surgery. Results No significant difference of mean intraocular pressure between the two surgical methods was observed for each time measurement. Nine dogs had postoperative hypertension (IOP > 25 mmHg) during the first 5 hours post surgery. Incidence of postoperative hypertension was not significantly different with manual extracapsular extraction (16%) vs. phacoemulsification (20%). A decrease of mean IOP was observed 1 h after surgery (8.49 mmHg vs. 10.91 mmHg), then an increase 3 and 5 h post surgery (12.3 and 13.32 mmHg, respectively). At 18 h, 1 week and 1 month post surgery, mean IOP decreased. Mean IOP was 10.38, 10.38 and 8.84 mmHg, respectively. Conclusion In this study incidence of POH is not high. However, a follow‐up of IOP in the first hours after cataract surgery is required to avoid complications of the retina and optic nerve and to administer hypotensive treatment if necessary. 相似文献
2.
Paul H. Goodwin Weilong Xie Moez Valliani 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,134(4):795-810
Expression of three Nicotiana benthamiana miraculin-like protein genes, NbMLP1, NbMLP2 and NbMLP3, showed almost identical responses to wounding, an incompatible interaction with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci and compatible interactions with P. syringae pv. tabaci, Colletotrichum destructivum or Colletotrichum orbiculare. However, only NbMLP1 expression responded to exogenous methyl jasmonate or ethylene. None exhibited expression in healthy leaves and stems, and all showed highest expression in seeds, except for NbMLP1, which had highest expression in roots. NbMLP1, NbMLP2 and NbMLP3 were in different subfamilies of miraculin-like protein sequences of N. benthamiana and Nicotiana tabacum. Subfamilies correlated well with predicted features of the reactive-site loop potentially affecting the bond that could react with serine proteinases. Despite considerable predicted structural diversity that might affect biological activity, the apparently coordinated expression of these genes to pathogen attack may reflect the need to produce diverse proteinase inhibitors to act against a potentially broad range of secreted microbial proteinases during basal resistance to pathogens. 相似文献
3.
Aljumaah RS Almutairi FF Ayadi M Alshaikh MA Aljumaah AM Hussein MF 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(8):1605-1610
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in camels in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and the
factors influencing its incidence. A total of 740 quarter milk samples were collected from 47 camel herds belonging to Majahim, Maghatir, Shu’l, and Sufer breeds. California mastitis test (CMT) was used as a screening test for subclinical mastitis. Samples giving negative or
trace CMT scores (0) were assigned to healthy quarters, while those giving positive scores of 1+ to 3+ were assigned to subclinically
affected quarters. Logistic regression was used to assess the association of breed, parity, and stage of lactation with the
prevalence of subclinical mastitis. Milk fat, protein, lactose, solid nonfat percentages and Na, Ca, and K concentrations
were compared in CMT-positive versus healthy quarters. One third (33%) of tested quarters had subclinical mastitis based on
CMT. The estimated probability of subclinical mastitis with the combined effects of breed, parity, and stage of lactation
ranged from 15.8% to 54.6%. The risk of subclinical mastitis increased significantly with parity and with the early stage
of lactation. The Shu’l breed had significantly higher prevalence of subclinical mastitis than other breeds. Significant decreases
in protein, lactose, and solid nonfat, Ca and K concentrations and increase in Na concentrations were associated with subclinical
mastitis. In conclusion, subclinical mastitis is prevalent in Saudi camels, and its incidence is influenced by breed, parity,
and stage of lactation. 相似文献
4.
Life in desert ecosystems drives animals to adapt their surface locomotor activity according to environmental conditions. In this study, the hourly and monthly variations in the surface activity patterns of the terrestrial crustacean Hemilepistus reaumurii were investigated. The surface activity of H. reaumurii at the population scale was observed by collecting the hourly active individuals from the sunrise to the sunset of the studied day in each month of 2013 in the Bchachma locality, Tunisia. The collected active individuals were put in perspex boxes(on which we labeled the hourly time interval in which the individuals were collected) in the field and then transported to the laboratory for analysis. Individuals were counted, sexed, and measured in the laboratory. Despite desert conditions in the studied site, H. reaumurii was characterized by a diurnal surface activity, showing a bimodal pattern during the warm months(i.e., May to October). However, it exhibited a unimodal surface activity pattern in the cold months(i.e., February, March, and November). The surface activity was significantly correlated with sunrise and sunset. Moreover, a significant quadratic effect of temperature on the surface activity of H. reaumurii was observed. Furthermore, the study showed that the most important surface activity was recorded in March. The daily exploitation of the temporal niches was significantly different as a function of months. The body size of males was larger than that of females, and the body size of active individuals changed with months. All these behavioural changes in the surface activity represent an adaptive strategy of life in the arid environment. 相似文献
5.
Ben Said M Galai Y Canales M Nijhof AM Mhadhbi M Jedidi M de la Fuente J Darghouth MA 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,183(3-4):215-223
6.
Lailler R Sanaa M Chadoeuf J Fontez B Brisabois A Colmin C Millemann Y 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2005,70(3-4):177-189
As a part of our effort in quantitative risk analysis of food-borne diseases, we carried out an epidemiologic study to estimate the prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) Salmonella in dairy herds situated in western France. The study population consisted of 489 farms in the region and manure or slurry was sampled from these operations and tested for the Salmonella spp. All strains isolated during the study were serotyped and tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility. Salmonella spp. was isolated from 8.1% (95% confidence interval (CI 95%): 4.5–13.3%) of the sampled herds. The herd prevalence of MDR Salmonella among the sampled herds was 1.9% (CI 95%: 0.5–5.4%). Spatial statistics were used to check for sampling representativeness and to determine if infected herds were clustered spatially. 相似文献
7.
Briache Fatima Zahra Ennami Mounia Mbasani-Mansi Joseph Gaboun Fatima Abdelwahd Rabha Fatemi Zain El Abidine El-Rodeny Walid Amri Moez Triqui Zine El Abidine Mentag Rachid 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2019,126(3):211-224
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - The parasitic weed Orobanche crenata is a serious constraint to legumes crops in Mediterranean area. In Morocco, heavy O. crenata infestation level was... 相似文献
8.
Sarrah Ben M'Barek Petteri Karisto Wided Abdedayem Marwa Laribi Moez Fakhfakh Hajer Kouki Alexey Mikaberidze Amor Yahyaoui 《Plant pathology》2020,69(9):1655-1665
Mixtures of cultivars with contrasting levels of resistance can suppress infectious diseases in wheat, as demonstrated in numerous field experiments. Most studies focus on airborne pathogens in bread wheat, while splash-dispersed pathogens have received less attention, and no studies have been conducted in durum wheat. We conducted a 2-year field experiment in Tunisia to evaluate the performance of cultivar mixtures with varying proportions of resistance (0%–100%) in controlling the polycyclic, splash-dispersed disease septoria tritici blotch (STB) in durum wheat. To measure STB severity, we used a high-throughput method based on digital image analysis of 3,074 infected leaves collected from 42 and 40 experimental plots during the first and second years, respectively. This allowed us to quantify pathogen reproduction on wheat leaves and to acquire a large data set that exceeds previous studies with respect to accuracy and precision. Our analyses show that introducing only 25% of a disease-resistant cultivar into a pure stand of a susceptible cultivar provides a substantial reduction of almost 50% in disease severity compared to the susceptible pure stand. However, incorporating two resistant cultivars instead of one did not further improve disease control, contrary to predictions of epidemiological theory. Susceptible cultivars can be agronomically superior to resistant cultivars or be better accepted by growers for other reasons. Hence, if mixtures with only a moderate proportion of the resistant cultivar provide a similar degree of disease control as resistant pure stands, as our analysis indicates, such mixtures are more likely to be accepted by growers. 相似文献
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A modified MacMaster method was tested to check its reliability for the diagnosis of bovine paramphistomosis in France. A total number of 148 fecal samples from cows examined post-mortem were analysed. Coprological results were in accordance with necropsic examinations. Bayesian techniques (Markov Chain Monte Carlo) were used to estimate the diagnostic parameters of each of these tests. Two scenarios were envisaged: one assuming a sensitivity of the necropsic examination equal to 1 and one assuming the specificity of the coprology equal to 1. Whatever the scenarios, each test presented good estimated parameters, always superior to 0.9. A significant relationship was clearly established between epg counts and parasites burden: more than 100 epg indicated the presence of more than 100 adult paramphistomes in rumen and/or reticulum. 相似文献