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Redwan el-RM Fahmy A El Hanafy A Abd El-Baky N Sallam SM 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2009,32(1):9-19
In view of the disadvantages of human and equine rabies immunoglobulin still there is urgent needs for safe and cost-control anti-rabies immunoglobulins especially for person who have been severely exposed (categories III) to the virus. Our attempt to produce a less immunogenic and cheaper anti-rabies immunoglobulin affordable for those people living in developing countries, has been harnessed the ovine as a bioreactor instead the horse. The animals have been intramuscular immunized, and the plasma processed with 5% caprylic acid to yield IgG with purity of 95%. Moreover, antibody apparently indicated that the titer and neutralizing indexes were harmonized, especially at higher antibody dilution. The results showed that three immunized sheep were produced about 7000 IU of purified anti-rabies antibody. Sheep's IgG has low immunogenic effect than human and horse antibodies when injected into the mouse. Pure concentrated ovine antibody may serve as a possible alternative to currently available anti-rabies human or equine immunoglobulin. 相似文献
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Assessment of suitability of two serotype A candidate vaccine strains for inclusion in FMD vaccine in India 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mohapatra JK Hemadri D Rao TV Sreenivasa BP Subramaniam S Sanyal A Periyasamy TR Singh NK Pattnaik B Venkataramanan R 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,131(1-2):65-72
The recent type A foot and mouth disease virus field isolates recovered in India are shown to be antigenically quite divergent from the in-use vaccine strain (IND 17/82), warranting the selection of a suitable vaccine strain which can cover this diversity in antigenic spectrum. In earlier studies employing neutralization test with anti-146S rabbit sera raised against eight candidate vaccine strains, IND 81/00 and IND 40/00 belonging to genotype VII were found to offer the best antigenic coverage. In order to assess the credibility of IND 81/00 and IND 40/00 as vaccine strains, 17 recent isolates received during 2005-2006 and representative isolates from older genotypes were subjected to two-dimensional micro-neutralization assay using bovine convalescent serum (against IND 81/00 and IND 40/00) and bovine vaccinate serum (against IND 40/00). From the results it is evident that both the isolates IND 81/00 (antigenic relationship 'r-value' >0.40 with 86% of isolates) and IND 40/00 ('r-value' >0.40 with 78% of isolates) show nearly equal antigenic relatedness with the recent field viruses and hence both of these are effective vaccine candidates in present context. Though very limited in its extent, these useful data obtained with antisera raised in homologous host system are logical extension of the on going quest for the appropriate vaccine strain and circumvents species disparities in the immune recognition of epitopes. 相似文献
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Nawal Gaafar Nabil El-Wakeil Abdellah Abdel-Moniem Christa Volkmar 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2016,68(3):163-171
Chamomile Matricaria recutita (L.) is an ancient healing plant; it is used for a sore stomach, a mild laxative, anti-inflammatory and a gentle sleep aid. Chamomile plants are infested by chamomile stem-weevil Microplontus rugulosus (Col., Curculionidae) and chamomile smooth beetle Olibrus aeneus (Col., Phalacridae), and can lead to a high reduction in chamomile yield. This work aimed to survey M. rugulosus and O. aeneus by different monitoring methods as well as to manage them by using entomopathogenic nematodes. 相似文献
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Twenty young female adult one-humped racing camels (Camelus dromedarius) kept in camps scattered outside Al Ain city and aged between 3- and 6-years-old, died after a short clinical illness. Affected camels were dull, inappetant and pyrexic, with submandibular oedema and enlargement of submandibular lymph nodes. Of 100 camels within the camps, 31 showed clinical signs. At necropsy examination, the liver of dead animals appeared yellowish, enlarged, congested and friable. The main hepatic histological findings were centrolobular necrosis, haemorrhages and cellular vacuolation. Aflatoxins were detected in sera, liver, ruminal contents and in feed ingested by affected animals. Sera of symptomatic and recovered camels also showed increased levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminases, glutamic pyruvic transaminases, aspartate transaminases, gamma glutamyl transaminases, glucose, urea nitrogen, phosphorus and total iron. Decreased levels of albumin, calcium, cholesterol and triglycerides were also observed. It was probable that aflatoxicosis was responsible for clinical signs and subsequent death of the camels. The need for suitable and appropriate storage conditions of animal feed to prevent fungal growth and aflatoxin contamination is highlighted. 相似文献
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Nawal Al-Mezeini Annamalai Manickavasagan Ali Khalfan Al-Wahaibi Ali Ahmed Al-Raeesi Lazhar Khriji 《International Journal of Fruit Science》2016,16(1):42-56
The objective of this study was to investigate the capability of X-ray imaging in detecting internal infestations caused by the saw-toothed beetle (Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.) in stored dates. Un-infested and infested dates were x-rayed for different life stages (egg, larvae, pupae, and adult) of O. surinamensis. An algorithm was developed to extract 44 features from the X-ray images. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used to discriminate the un-infested and infested dates using extracted features. Overall accuracy of X-ray imaging system was 80% for un-infested and beetle-infested dates. X-ray imaging system yielded around 97% accuracy in detecting internal infestation of dates with an adult beetle while using a pairwise classification method. Further studies are required to investigate the effects of moisture content and hardness of dates in the discrimination between the un-infested and infested dates. 相似文献
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The intensity of thrips and wheat blossom midges (WBM) infestations in twelve wheat cultivars was evaluated at the Plant Breeding Station, Silstedt, central Germany in 2008 & 2009 growing crop seasons. The research aimed at selecting the least infested cultivar to be profitably used in the forthcoming cultivation. Infestation levels were studied in flowering and milky stages (GS 65 and 73) of each cultivar in every single-spikelet in sample of 10 ears in both years. There were significant differences in thrips and (WBM) densities among different cultivars in both years. Thrips numbers were the highest in T??rkis, Global and Esket cultivars, while the lowest values were recorded in Robigus, Brompton and Carenius. The results showed that the highest WBM infestation was observed in T??rkis, Tommi and Potenzial; on the other hand the lowest WBM infestation was found in some insect resistant cultivars (Brompton, Skalmeje, Robigus, Welford and Glasgow). The infested ears were positively correlated with the numbers of WBM among cultivars. The obtained results would give a good guide for choosing the proper cultivars which proved highly resistant to their specific pests. 相似文献
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Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Susceptibility of spring wheat to infestation with wheat blossom midges (WBM) and thrips was studied in Central Germany in the two seasons, 2008 and 2009.... 相似文献
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Prashant Kumar MishraRavindra Shukla Priyanka SinghBhanu Prakash Nawal Kishore Dubey 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):74-80
The study deals with evaluation of antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic Caesulia axillaris Roxb. essential oil (EO) against herbal raw materials deteriorating fungi and its free radical scavenging activity. During mycoflora analysis these herbal raw materials were found to be severely contaminated by different fungi and aflatoxins. A total of nine different fungal species were isolated from three herbal raw materials. Aspergillus flavus LHPtc was recorded as the highest aflatoxin B1 producing strain. EOs of some plants were tested for their fungitoxicity against the toxigenic strain A. flavus LHPtc, and C. axillaris EO was found as potent fungitoxicant. C. axillaris EO was chemically characterized through GC-MS analysis which depicted the presence of 18 compounds, dl-limonene and Euasarone being the major components. The EO exhibited broad spectrum of fungitoxicity against fungi causing postharvest deterioration of herbal raw materials. At 1.0 μl ml−1 the oil showed complete inhibition of fungal growth and aflatoxin B1 production was inhibited at 0.8 μl ml−1. Free radical scavenging activity of the oil was also recorded by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay, and its IC50 value was found 18 μl ml−1. The safety limit of the EO was determined in terms of LD50 on mice, which was 9166.6 μl kg−1, suggesting its non mammalian toxicity. The EO of C. axillaris may be recommended as a plant based preservative in enhancement of shelf life of herbal raw materials by preventing their lipid peroxidation as well as biodeterioration due to fungal and aflatoxin contamination. 相似文献