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Thomas N. Vassilakos Christos G. Athanassiou Aris S. Chloridis James E. Dripps 《Journal of pest science》2014,87(3):485-494
Contact toxicity of spinetoram was evaluated in laboratory bioassays on concrete, ceramic tile, galvanized steel, and plywood. The efficacy of spinetoram was assessed at dose rates of 0.025 mg (AI)/cm2, 0.05 mg (AI)/cm2, and 0.1 mg (AI)/cm2 in two series of bioassays. The first series was conducted on concrete surfaces, with adults of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.), S. granarius (L.), Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), and Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens). The second series was conducted at the same dose rates on all surfaces against adults of R. dominica, S. oryzae, and T. confusum. An equal number of dishes with and without food were used in both bioassay series. Mortality was assessed daily for 7 days for T. confusum and after this interval all live adults were removed and transferred to untreated surfaces with food and held under the same conditions. After the first week of daily evaluation, delayed mortality was evaluated 7 days later. For all the other species, mortality was measured after 5 days of exposure. The results of the first series of bioassays showed that T. confusum was the least susceptible to spinetoram-treated concrete surfaces. In contrast, all the other species were found susceptible, regardless of the dose and the presence of food. Regarding the comparison of different surfaces, our results illustrate that, with the exception of T. confusum, there were no significant differences among surfaces. The results of the present study indicate that spinetoram was effective against various species on several types of surfaces, and the presence of food did not influence its efficacy in most cases. 相似文献
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Nikon Vassilakos Oxana Kektsidou Maria Papaeythimiou Christina Varveri 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,134(4):859-864
Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is an EPPO A2-listed quarantine pathogen and its detection in large scale surveys requires complex decision schemes. In this study, a simple and rapid application of direct-RT-PCR was evaluated together with dot blot hybridization for the detection of PSTVd in dormant potato tubers harvested from primary infected plants, as well as in tomato and solanaceous ornamental plants. In all infected dormant potato tubers tested, both direct-RT-PCR and dot blot hybridization detected two different PSTVd isolates, with direct-RT-PCR being ten times more sensitive than dot blot. Similarly, in infected tomato and Brugmansia spp., PSTVd was detected by direct-RT-PCR with higher sensitivity compared to that of dot blot hybridization. However, in Brugmansia spp., a ten-fold decrease of the typical working concentration of the sap was required for an unequivocal detection of the viroid by direct-RT-PCR. The potential to use direct-RT-PCR for routine PSTVd examination is discussed. 相似文献
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The host range specificity of Greek isolates ofCucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) was determined and the ability of the virus to retain its infectivity in naturally contaminated soil, after storage
at 4°C for at least 10 months, was established. An immunocapture RT-PCR protocol was developed for the detection of the virus
and proved to be 105 times more sensitive than DAS-ELISA and 102 times more sensitive than F(ab’)2-ELISA using F(ab’)2 fragments that were prepared from an antiserum, which was raised against a local virus isolate. In order to clarify dissimilarities
that were revelaed between the coat protein (CP) genes of the Greek isolates after restriction mapping of their respective
PCR products, the CP genes of three isolates were sequenced and found to be very similar but not identical to the CP gene
of CGMMV-SH.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Aug. 27, 2002. 相似文献
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Combining electrostatic powder with an insecticide: effect on stored‐product beetles and on the commodity 
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Christos Athanassiou Daniel P. Bray David R. Hall Charles Phillips Thomas N. Vassilakos 《Journal of pest science》2018,91(4):1381-1391
Tobacco beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae), is one of the most serious insect pests of stored tobacco, and traps baited with the female-produced sex pheromone, serricornin, are used for monitoring the pest. In two trapping experiments carried out in tobacco warehouses in Greece, two commercially available trap and lure systems for L. serricorne were found to be equally effective in terms of the numbers of beetles trapped. In contrast to previous reports, anhydroserricornin was unattractive and lures containing serricornin and anhydroserricornin were less attractive than lures containing serricornin only. The sex pheromone of the other main insect pest of tobacco, Ephestia elutella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), could be added to the lures without affecting the attractiveness of either pheromone to their respective species. Lures remained attractive for at least 4 weeks under field conditions, and, in laboratory tests, release of pheromone could still be detected after 30 days at 27 °C. The stereoisomeric composition of the serricornin in the two commercial lures was similar with high proportions of the attractive (4S,6S,7S)-isomer. The proportion of the (4S,6S,7R)-isomer was low, and this is known to reduce the attractiveness. 相似文献
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