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1.
Prof. Dr. Aydin Gunes Ali Inal Mehmet Alpaslan Nuray Cicek Esra Guneri Figen Eraslan 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(6):687-695
Abstract It has been proposed that salicylic acid (SA) acts as an endogenous signal molecule responsible for inducing environmental stress tolerance in plants. In this study, the effects of seed soaked (1.0 mM for 24 h) and soil incorporated (0.1 mM and 0.5 mM) salicylic acid (SA) supply on growth and mineral concentrations of maize (Zea mays L., Hamidiye F1) grown under either salt, boron toxicity or drought-stressed conditions were investigated. Exogenously applied SA either with seed soaked (SS) or soil incorporated (SI) increased plant growth significantly in all the stresses conditions. Salicylic acid inhibited Na and Cl accumulation in saline conditions, and 0.5 mM of soil incorporated SA decreased B significantly in boron toxicity treatment. Except in drought condition, SA treatments stimulated N accumulation in plants. And P, K, Mg and Mn concentrations of SA received plants were increased in the stress conditions. These results suggest that SA regulates the response of plants to the environmental stresses and could be used as a plant growth regulator to improve plant growth and stimulate mineral nutrient concentrations under stress conditions. 相似文献
2.
Mating system parameters and pollen contamination were estimated in an 11-year-old Pinus brutia Ten. clonal seed orchard, located in Antalya, Turkey, with the aid of isozymes. Isozyme analysis was performed on both maternal
(megagametophyte) and embryo tissues of seeds collected from the seed orchard and the surrounding natural stand. Fourteen
loci encoding nine enzyme systems were assayed. Based on a multilocus estimator, the proportion of viable seeds originating
from outcrossing (tˆm) in the seed orchard was found to be 0.947; the remainder (0.053) was due to selfing. We estimated that 85.7% of the orchard
seed resulted from pollen contamination by trees in surrounding stands. This may be related to the young age and subsequent
low pollen production of the orchard. Only 9% [i.e., 1.0−0.857 (contamination)−0.053 (selfing) = 0.090] of the orchard offspring
was due to cross-pollination among clones within the orchard. Due to the high level of pollen contamination, it is estimated
that genetic gain in this seed crop is less than 57% of that expected if all offspring resulted from random mating among orchard
clones (i.e., no contamination). 相似文献
3.
There are several studies related with knitted fabric containing elastomeric yarn. These studies have been carried out only
on fabrics containing naked elastomeric yarn, i.e., without intermingling. And most of them have focused on dimensional and
extension-recovery properties of the fabric. Of course, intermingling yarn parameters such as number of knots and draw-ratio
will affect the properties and performance of the fabrics. This paper presents a study about the effect of draw-ratio and
number of knots, which are important parameters in intermingled nylon-elastomeric yarns, on the physical and comfort properties
of hosiery knit products. To see the relationship and significance, bivariate correlation analysis and analysis of variance
have been carried out. It has been seen that increase of draw ratio and number of knots lead to an increase in dimensional
change, stitch density, fabric weight, and lead to a decrease in fabric spirality, abrasion, fabric wicking (wickability in
course direction is less than that of wale direction). Fabric thickness increases with an increase in draw ratio and a decrease
in number of knots. The number of knots and the draw-ratio do not affect the fabric drying rate. However, an increase in the
draw ratio and the number of knots result in an increase in initial water content before beginning the drying process. But,
an increase in initial water content is not so high as to affect the drying rate. 相似文献
4.
The effect of interspecific complementary and competitive root interactions and rhizosphere effects on primarily phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) but also nitrogen (N), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) nutrition between mixed cropped peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). In order to provide more physiological evidence on the mechanisms of interspecific facilitation, phosphatase activities in plant and rhizosphere, root ferric reducing capacity (FR), Fe-solubilizing activity (Fe-SA), and rhizosphere pH were determined. The results of the experiment revealed that biomass yield of peanut and barley was decreased by associated plant species as compared to their monoculture. Rhizosphere chemistry was strongly and differentially modified by the roots of peanut and barley and their mixed culture. In the mixed cropping of peanut/barley, intracellular alkaline and acid phosphatases (AlPase and APase), root secreted acid phosphatases (S-APase), acid phosphatases activity in rhizosphere (RS-APase), and bulk soil (BS-APase) were higher than that of monocultured barley. Regardless of plant species and cropping system, the rhizosphere pH was acidified and concomitantly to this available P and Fe concentrations in the rhizosphere were also increased. The secretion Fe-solubilizing activity (Fe-SA) and ferric reducing (FR) capacity of the roots were generally higher in mixed culture relative to that in monoculture treatments which may improve Fe and Zn nutrition of peanut. Furthermore, mixed cropping improved N and K nutrition of peanut plants, while Ca nutrition was negatively affected by mixed cropping. 相似文献
5.
Er Yesim Özer Nuray Katırcıoğlu Yakup Zekai 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2021,161(3):619-627
European Journal of Plant Pathology - Commercial essential oils (EO) obtained from different parts of black cumin (N. sativa), mustard (S. nigra), St. John’s wort (H. perforatum), garlic (A.... 相似文献
6.
Nuray Özer Temine Şabudak Cengiz Özer Katia Gindro Sylvain Schnee Erhan Solak 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2017,83(5):316-328
Cuticular wax on the plant epidermis inhibits or enhances prepenetration events of powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator Schwein). We examined the role of cuticular leaf and berry waxes as a resistance mechanism in four grapevine genotypes (Italia?×?Mercan-174, Gürcü, Isabella, Özer Karas?) resistant to powdery mildew after natural infection and inoculation. To understand cuticular wax properties, we determined the amount of wax and antifungal effects of thin layer chromatography (TLC) fractions from cuticular leaf and berry waxes, then assessed the chemical composition of fractions with different antifungal activities using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Susceptible genotypes Cabernet Sauvignon and Italia were used for comparison. Resistant and sensitive genotypes did not differ significantly in the total amount of wax on leaves and berries; however, 27 fatty acids, 26 alkanes, 6 terpenes, 4 indole derivatives and 4 ketones, and 3 amides, 3 phenols and 3 steroids were detected in fractions with high antifungal activity (≥75% inhibition of germination) in leaf and/or berry cuticular waxes of resistant genotypes only. These compounds may be evaluated as markers for powdery mildew resistance during genotype selection in a grapevine breeding program. 相似文献
7.
This study was carried out to determine the effects of shield and sword comb orientation hive types on wintering ability,
survival rates (in winter) and population growth of honeybee colonies (A. mellifera anatoliaca) in spring season. In ancient Anatolia beekeeping; honeybee colonies were identified sword and shield (the colonies which
build up the combs vertical and horizontal according to positions of the hive entrance) before the uses of top-opened hive
with movable frames. Total twenty honeybee colonies, which have similar condition according to queen age, genotype, number
of frames covered with adult worker bees, brood areas and food stocks, were used in this study. Average wintering ability
of colonies in the shield and sword groups were found to be 98.57% and 69.76%; average survival rates were found to be 100%
and 100% in shield and sword group colonies respectively. The average number of frames covered with adult worker bees at mid
June in shield and sword group colonies were found to be 15.6 ± 1.58, 12.00 ± 1.25 number/colony and the average brood areas
were found as 7863.5 ± 402.9, 5997.0 ± 373.3 cm2/colony respectively. Differences between the group means on wintering ability, sealed brood areas and colony strength were
found significant (P < 0.01), but differences on survival rates were not found significant (P > 0.05). The colonies living
in shield (horizontal) hives have showed better wintering ability and more colony population than colonies living in sword
(vertical) hives. 相似文献
8.
Özer Nuray Uzun Halil İbrahim Aktürk Burak Özer Cengiz Akkurt Murat Aydın Serkan 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2021,160(2):337-348
The use of resistant individuals obtained through a breeding program, aimed at decreasing chemical treatments, is one of the most promising strategies for control of downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola in grapevine. In this study, 869 hybrid grape individuals, obtained by crossing the resistant Regent grape cultivar with sensitive Alphonse Lavallée, were tested after artificial inoculation of detached leaves by drops of the pathogen inoculum. Sporulation severity, as visual evaluation of sporulation density including necrosis, and sporulation incidence were scored to assess resistance level, then the sporulation area (mm2) was measured for each individual. The criterium of sporulation incidence could not describe all resistance levels. Sporulation area made it possible to measure the entire area in detail for how the pathogen spread at the inoculation site. Sporulation area was not fully consistent with sporulation severity. In this context, a new scale for sporulation area was developed to determine resistance level to the pathogen by taking into account the distribution of sporulation area values within those obtained from sporulation severity scales. Six categories ranging from 0 to 0.05 mm2 (extremely resistant-ER) to ≥15.1 mm2 (extremely sensitive-ES) were defined. 43 of the 869 individuals tested through the three evaluation criteria, in which no sporulation was observed, and 18 additional individuals with sporulation area of <0.05 mm2 were scored in the ER group. Microscopic analysis confirmed findings for the ER group and other resistance levels. The authors suggest that the scale of sporulation area will be useful for assessment of resistance to downy mildew on grapevine leaves.
相似文献9.
Eda Demirok Nuray Kolsarıcı Seda Çelik Zülal Doğan Sadi Hamdan Fırat Öztürk 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(6):621-632
Suitability of pomegranate juice (PJ) alone or mixed with acetic acid versus acetic acid control solution, a traditional fish marinating media, was investigated in this research. With that purpose, rainbow trout fillets were marinated for 12 days at 4°C in one of three different marinating solutions: 100% acetic acid solution (AAS), 50% acetic acid/50% pomegranate juice solution (AAPJS), and 100% pomegranate juice solution (PJS). Moisture content and pH value of rainbow trout flesh decreased, whereas fat, protein, ash, and salt contents increased at the end of the marinating process for all treatments (p < 0.05). Fish flesh marinated in solution containing PJ had darker, more red and lower yellow color values due to migration of color components from the PJ (p < 0.01). Traditionally marinated fish flesh had the highest total free amino acid amount (p < 0.01) due to a higher level of proteolytic breakdown under the low pH condition, which could be seen on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis image. This treatment also had higher sensory scores than those of fish marinated in solution containing 50% or 100% PJ. In addition, fish marinated in AAPJS and PJS solution had firmer texture and sweeter taste compared to that of marinated in AAS. 相似文献
10.
This study was carried out to assess morphological changes in the canes of 140 Ru and 5 BB and to determine best time for cane collection. The first part of the study included the morphological assessment of the rootstock canes during the winters of 2003–2004 and 2004–2005. Canes collected in the second part of the study in 2005–2006 were grown in pots to relate the changes with the vegetative growth characteristics. 相似文献