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1.
Resistance to bifenthrin and resistance mechanisms of different strains of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) from Turkey 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Nine different strains of the two-spotted spider miteTetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) were collected on cotton from Adana, Antalya, Izmir, Manisa and Urfa in Turkey. Their responses
to bifenthrin were investigated using conventional bioassay and biochemical assays. LC50 and LC90 values of bifenthrin were determined for all strains by using a residual bioassay with a petri dish-spray tower. Resistance
ratios were determined by comparing the samples with a standard susceptible strain, GSS. The resistance ratios of the strains
ranged from <1 to 669-fold (at LC50). Of the investigated field strains, only three (two from Adana and one from Urfa) were resistant to bifenthrin. There was
a correlation between esterase enzyme activity and bifenthrin resistance according to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and
microtiter plate assays in the three resistant strains.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 17, 2005. 相似文献
2.
The aim of the study was to determine identification, three-dimensional modelling, and morphometry of intracranial arteries in New Zealand Rabbit by using computed tomography angiography. A total of 20 adult New Zealand Rabbits from both sexes were used in the study. General anaesthesia procedure was followed before computed tomography angiography imaging. Rabbits were placed in a prone position for imaging. Computed tomography angiography imaging was performed by injecting contrast agent into vena auricularis marginalis of rabbits. Morphometric measurements of the specified points were taken by MIMICS program using the computed tomography angiography images acquired. Three-dimensional intracranial artery model was prepared from the two-dimensional images on the same program. Measurements were statistically compared in terms of sex and side. It was observed in the study that arteria basilaris was generated by bilateral arteria vertebralis at the basal level of medulla oblongata. In the study, a statistically significant difference was determined only in diameter values of arteria cerebri caudalis dextra et sinistra in both female and male rabbits. On the other hand, no statistically significant difference was determined with respect to the side. Consequently, we think that the data of the present study will contribute to further studies on cerebrovascular pathology, clinicians or researchers. 相似文献
3.
To study the bark beetle attacks on Turkish fir stands and to determine the principle site and stand factors influencing beetle
attacks, trap log method was used in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey. The study was carried out in ten different locations
prior to flying time in February 2003. On each experimental plot, three healthy fir trees with 30–50 cm diameter and 200 m
apart were cut down with a chainsaw. From each sampling tree, needles were sub-sampled for determination of specific leaf-area
and macro-nutrient concentrations. In addition, on each experimental plot, crown closure, basal-area, and stand density were
measured. To determine the bulk density and nutrient concentrations of the soil, samples were taken around trees on each plot.
The relationship between measured stand variables, the number of beetle species and beetle populations were evaluated using
correlation and stepwise multiple regression procedure. Eight different species belonging to four different families from
Coleoptera were identified in examining the trap logs. Six of these eight species (Pissodes piceae Illig., Pissodes notatus Fabr., Cryphalus piceae Ratz., Pityophthorus pityographus Ratz., Xyloterus lineatus Oliv., Pityokteines curvidens Germ.) were identified as harmful beetles (HB). The other two (Thanasimus formicarius L. and Rhizophagus dispar Payk.) were identified as predator species. The analysis showed that the total number of HB increased as the site’s slope
and needle specific leaf area increased. However, as needle N concentrations increased, HB population decreased. Increased
Ca concentration in fir needle reduced total insect attack. 相似文献
4.
Erkut Turan Cengiz Unsal Mehmet Utkan Oren Omer Gurkan Dilek Ismail Gokce Yildirim Murat Sarierler 《Veterinary research communications》2014,38(3):229-235
The aim of this study was to test the applicability of electrical stimulation of lumbar spinal nerve roots and obtain normative electrical root stimulation (ERS) data for L7 nerve root and sciatic nerve in dogs. For that purpose ERS and sciatic nerve stimulations were performed consecutively, in totally 40 healthy dogs. ERS was applied in the L7/S1 intervertebral space via monopolar needle electrodes. Muscle responses were recorded from the gastrocnemius muscles on the left and right hind limbs. Sciatic nerve stimulation was performed at the greater trochanter level on the left hind limb, with records obtained from the left gastrocnemius muscle. Mean root latencies of the left and right side were 5.22?±?0.49 ms and 5.29?±?0.53 ms, respectively. There was no significant difference in root latency between the right and left sides. The mean terminal latency was 3.82?±?0.46 ms. The proximal motor nerve conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve was 63.15?±?3.43 m/s. The results of this study show that ERS provides objective data about the integrity of lumbar spinal nerve roots by evaluating the entire population of motor fibres and total length of the motor axon in dogs. ERS can be considered a useful diagnostic method for confirmation of diagnoses of lumbosacral diseases. 相似文献
5.
One of the problems encountered in the extrusion of plastic profiles is unbalanced flow at the die exit. It causes deformation of the extrudates at ambient and precludes the material transition through remaining stages of production process (calibration, cooling sections etc). In this paper, geometric parameters of a profile extrusion die are optimized using several objective function definitions by Simulated Annealing-Kriging Meta-Algorithm. Objective functions are defined based on the uniformity of velocity distribution at the die exit. For this, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are performed for N=70 die geometries. Appropriate geometric parameters (t and L) of the die are variables for the optimization problem. 相似文献
6.
Arikan S Gurkan M Ozaytekin E Dodurka T Giger U 《The Journal of small animal practice》2006,47(1):10-13
OBJECTIVES: To determine the distribution of blood types and to estimate the proportion of matings at risk for neonatal isoerythrolysis in non-pedigree domestic cats. METHODS: The present survey determined the frequency of blood types in 301 cats from four distinct regions of Turkey. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-anticoagulated blood samples were typed by simple tube and slide agglutination assays. Serum obtained from type B cats and an anti-B solution, prepared with Triticum vulgaris, were used to determine type A and type B blood, respectively. RESULTS: Of the 301 cats typed, 220 had type A blood, 74 had type B and seven had type AB. There was a significant difference (P<0.01) between the locations of the cats, with fewer type B cats in the eastern than in the western parts of Turkey. Risk for the development of neonatal isoerythrolysis due to A-B mismatch was estimated to be 18.6 per cent. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The overall type B frequency in Turkish domestic cats is high. Thus, untyped transfusions in these cats carry a high risk of life-threatening acute haemolytic transfusion reactions and neonatal isoerythrolysis. It is therefore strongly recommended that blood typing be performed before breeding or transfusing in order to minimise blood type incompatibility risks. 相似文献
7.
M. Cüneyt Bağdatli Oktay Erdoğan 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2019,50(5):527-537
A field experiment has been conducted to determine the effects of different irrigation water and AMF (Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi) biofertilizer, photosynthesis activator and traditional fertilizer dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on yield and growth parameters in Nevsehir Province of Turkey in 2015. The experiment has been carried out using three replications in a split plot design with three different irrigation types as main plots and AMF biofertilizer (ERS), photosynthesis activator (Multigreen-Mg), traditional fertilization (TF-Control), ERS + Mg, ERS + TF and TF + Mg applied as subplots. The number of pods per plant, the length of pods, the number of grains per pod, the weight of grains per plant, the yield of grains, 1000 seed weight, the number of grains per plant, protein yield, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi rate have been evaluated as yield and growth criteria in the study. In the experiment, as well as the treatment x irrigation interaction, the plant height, pod number per plant, pod lenght, grain number per pod, grain weight per plant, grain yield, 1000 seed weight, grain number per plant, protein rate/grain, protein yield, root weight and AMF colonization parameters, were the other studied properties that were found to be significant. The results obtained were 877.6 mm for I100 irrigation treatment, 512.2 mm for I50 irrigation treatment and 40.19 mm water for I30 irrigation treatment. Regarding the growth parameters of dry bean, the highest PH was in ERS + Mg (67.66 cm), the lowest PH was in ERS (54.33 cm); In I50, the highest Plant Height (PH) was in ERS + Mg (65.66 cm), the lowest PH was in TF-Control (53.00 cm); and in I30, the highest PH was in TF-Control (50.66 cm), and the lowest PH was again in ERS + Mg (44.33 cm). For protein yield (PY) value, ERS + Mg, ERS + TF, TF + Mg have been placed in the same group, in I100 and I50 irrigation treatment. The highest value was ERS + TF (34.90 kg da?1) in I100, The lowest value was TF-control (19.90 kg da?1) in I30 irrigation treatment. In terms of mycorrhiza colonization ratio, ERS has been ranked first in all irrigation treatments, while the highest mycorrhiza colonization has been observed in I30 irrigation treatment (26.30%). ERS was followed by ERS + Mg (23.33%). As expected, the lowest mycorrhiza colonization ratio in all irrigation treatments have been observed in TF-control treatment, while the highest mycorrhiza colonization ratio has been respectively observed in I30 and I50 irrigation topics. The highest root weight (RW) in I100 irrigation treatment was observed in ERS (15.06 g plant?1) and it was observed in ERS (19.05 g plant?1; 26.30 g plant?1) in I50 and I30 irrigation treatments. The lowest RW in all irrigation treatments has been observed in TF + Mg (4.43 g plant?1, 6.40 g plant?1, 10.26 g plant?1), respectively. 相似文献
8.
A. Berndt F. J. Derksen P. J. Venta W. Karmaus S. Ewart V. Yuzbasiyan‐Gurkan N. E. Robinson 《Equine veterinary journal》2009,41(1):76-81
Reasons for performing study: Airway inflammation in recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) is triggered by housing affected horses in stables. It has been suggested that RAO is an allergic condition, but innate immune mechanisms are also involved. Fungal products activate innate immune mechanisms through toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2). In human airway epithelium, TLR2 activation leads to interleukin (IL)‐8 production. This pathway is negatively regulated by the zinc finger protein A20. This study was performed to enhance understanding of innate immune mechanisms in RAO. Hypothesis: TLR2 and IL‐8 mRNA are elevated in RAO during stabling compared with controls. A20 mRNA is negatively associated with the numbers of airway inflammatory cells. Objectives: To determine TLR 2 , IL‐8 and A20 mRNA expression in lungs of stabled and pastured RAO‐affected and control horses. Methods: Airway obstruction and inflammatory cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage were measured, and TLR 2 , IL‐8 and A20 mRNA expression quantified by qRT‐PCR in 6 RAO‐affected and 6 control horses, during and after exposure to hay and straw. Results: Airway obstruction and neutrophils were increased in RAO‐affected horses during stabling. While stabling increased IL‐ 8 , TLR2 and A20 mRNA were unaffected. TLR2 and A20 were significantly correlated (r = 0.83) and A20 mRNA was negatively associated with inflammatory cells. Potential relevance: Stabling does not lead to an increase in TLR2 expression. Other molecules or processes in the TLR2 cascade might be important in fungal‐induced airway inflammation. Equine epithelial‐derived A20 may be involved in modulation of airway inflammation. 相似文献
9.
With the increasing demand of fabrics for special usage areas, more complex woven structures are designed and from the structural
point of view, especially the parameters which affect the comfort properties become more important. This paper reports the
effect of structural parameters of double layered woven fabrics, such as number of interlacing picks, period of interlacing
and number of weft skips on the basic comfort properties of the fabrics (thickness, air permeability and wicking properties)
produced according to Taguchi orthogonal array design. The investigated parameters were determined before and after finishing
treatment. According to the results, it is found that period of interlacing has an important effect on the thickness and air
permeability of both untreated and treated fabrics whereas in terms of drying coefficient, the effect of the investigated
parameters is not statistically important. 相似文献
10.
This experiment was carried out in a mature (>100-year-old) eastern beech forest in the Eastern Black Sea Region (BSR) of
Turkey. The effects of experimental practices to control the woody plant Rhododendron flavum Don., including grubbing, manual cutting, and foliar and cut-stump spraying with imazapyr and triclopyr, were assessed on
understory and forest floor biomass and nutrients, as well as soil bulk density and nutrient content. The cut plots had 5,
15, and 38 times greater competing vegetation biomass than did the plots treated with triclopyr, grubbing, and imazapyr, respectively.
Because of the increased biomass, the amount of understory N, P, Ca, K, S, and Mg content on the cut plots was also substantially
higher when compared to the grubbed, imazapyr-treated, and triclopyr-treated plots. Triclopyr and imazapyr applications brought
about two- and threefold greater dead organic matter on the forest floor than did cutting and grubbing, respectively. As a
result, forest floor macronutrient contents on the imazapyr- and triclopyr-treated plots were significantly greater than on
the cut plots. Five years after treatments, soil bulk density at the 10–20 cm depth on the imazapyr-sprayed plots was about
14% higher than that on other treatments. Herbicides, especially imazapyr and grubbing were effective in controlling rhododendron.
Macronutrients stored in the rhododendron were released to the forest floor after vegetation was controlled with herbicides. 相似文献