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1.
The heterogenicity of Cowdria ruminantium stocks: cross-immunity and serology in sheep and pathogenicity to mice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
J L Du Plessis L Van Gas J A Olivier J D Bezuidenhout 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1989,56(3):195-201
Ten stocks of Cowdria ruminantium (Ball 3, Breed, Comoro, Germishuys, Kümm, Kwanyanga, Mali, Mara, Nonile and Welgevonden) were compared from a cross-immunity, serological and mouse pathogenicity point of view. They were found to differ in varying degrees. Except for the Ball 3, Comoro and Germishuys stocks that were similar but not identical, there was no pattern in the antigenic diversity of the 10 stocks. The Welgevonden stock emerged as the stock that elicits an immunity against most of the South African stocks. The inability of the reference Ball 3 stock to protect sheep against no fewer than 6 other stocks questions the advisability of retaining this stock as the vaccine stock. The antigenic diversity of the 10 stocks could not be correlated with the antibody levels detected with the indirect fluorescent antibody test, since the sera against all 10 stocks reacted positively to the Kümm stock antigen and the variation in titres was not stock-related. 相似文献
2.
3.
Josephine A. Dornbusch Laura E. Selmic Pin‐Chieh Huang Jonathan P. Samuelson Eric M. McLaughlin Vincent A. Wavreille Jessica A. Ogden Brittany Abrams Alex Kalamaras Eric Green Eric T. Hostnik Lincoln Every Jason A. Fuerst Ryan Jennings Christopher Premanandan Joshua N. Lorbach Sarah C. Linn Aneesh Alex Janet E. Sorrells Lingxiao Yang Stephen A. Boppart 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2021,50(1):111-120
4.
Vincent Marolf Claudia Spadavecchia Nicole Müller Charlotte Sandersen Helene Rohrbach 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(3):398-406
ObjectiveTo determine the intraoperative and early postoperative opioid requirement after ultrasound-guided sciatic and/or femoral nerve block or epidural anaesthesia in dogs undergoing tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO).Study designProspective, masked, pilot, randomized, clinical trial.AnimalsA total of 40 client-owned dogs undergoing TPLO.MethodsEach dog was randomly assigned to group SF (combined sciatic and femoral nerve block), group S (sciatic nerve block), group F (femoral nerve block) or group E (epidural anaesthesia). A total of 0.3 mL kg–1 of ropivacaine 0.5% was administered to each nerve or in the epidural space. Intraoperatively, fentanyl (2 μg kg–1) was administered intravenously when heart rate, mean arterial pressure or respiratory rate increased by >30% compared with baseline values. Postoperatively, a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a modified German version of the French pain scale (4AVet) were used to assess pain every 30 minutes for 150 minutes and again once the morning after surgery. Methadone (0.1 mg kg–1) was administered intravenously if the VAS was ≥ 4 cm [maximal value 10 cm; median (interquartile range)] or the composite pain score was ≥5 [maximal value 15; median (interquartile range)]. Significance was defined as p ≤ 0.05.ResultsGroups SF and E required less total intraoperative and early postoperative opioid doses compared with groups S and F (p = 0.031). No dogs in group SF had a block failure or required postoperative methadone. A reduced methadone requirement was found in group SF compared with all the other groups up to 150 minutes after recovery (p = 0.041).Conclusions and clinical relevanceCombined sciatic and femoral nerve block and epidural anaesthesia lead to less cumulative consumption of perioperative opioids than single nerve blockade. Sciatic or femoral nerve block alone might be insufficient to control nociception and early postoperative pain in dogs undergoing TPLO. 相似文献
5.
Andrea Weissman Mauricio Solano Olivier Taeymans Shannon P. Holmes David Jiménez Bruce Barton 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2016,57(2):124-129
An imaging report is a vital communication tool between a radiologist and clinician. In a field where in‐person communication may not be readily available, it is imperative that the report clearly relays pertinent clinical information in a timely manner. The purpose of this observational study was to describe and compare opinions and expectations of small animal general practitioners, veterinary specialists, and veterinary radiologists regarding the imaging report. Online surveys were distributed, and data were collected from 202 veterinary clinicians and 123 veterinary radiologists. The majority (89%) of clinicians were satisfied with their imaging reports and stated that they read the radiology report as soon as it was available (92%). Just less than half (48%) of clinicians indicated it was standard of care that a board‐certified veterinary radiologist read all imaging studies. Radiologists and clinicians agreed that a clinical history (98% and 94%, respectively) and clinical question (82% and 68%, respectively) were needed to generate a good radiology report. Fifty‐five percent to 70% of clinicians prefer red bulleted reports, which included incidental findings (96%); while radiologists slightly favored prose reporting (37–46%). Clinicians found it helpful when additional imaging (86%), medical (71%), and surgical recommendations (73%) were made. About one‐third of specialists who had been in practice for >11 years thought they were better able to interpret imaging for their own specialty than the radiologist. Clinicians voiced discontentment with reports that were not completed in a timely manner or did not give a prioritized differential list. Further studies are warranted to provide a more in‐depth evaluation of veterinary radiology reporting structure and style. 相似文献
6.
Atherosclerosis is a common disease in pet birds, particularly in psittacines. Little is known about the role of risk factors predisposing birds to this disease. In our study, we tried to detect chlamydiae in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded atherosclerotic tissue from 103 pet birds to clarify their role in atherosclerosis. Methods used were polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, and immunohistochemistry. Histopathologic examination served to classify the extent of atherosclerotic lesions. In the PCR, 4 (3.9%) of 103 cases, all of them with advanced stages of atherosclerosis, were positive. Subsequent sequence analysis revealed high identities (94%-100%) with Chlamydophila psittaci in three cases. Interestingly, two of these birds came from C. psittaci-infected populations. Because of the low incidence (3.9%), the occurrence only in advanced stages, and the association with C psittaci-infected avian populations, a causal relationship between chlamydiae and atherosclerosis in pet birds is rather improbable. 相似文献
7.
Ritter MJ Perry RL Olivier NB Kim SY Dejardin LM 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2007,43(2):93-98
A novel technique was developed to estimate the caudal medial tibial plateau landmark in the face of osteophytosis to improve accuracy in tibial plateau angle measurements. Using this technique, tibial plateau angles were evaluated in 31 normal dogs before and 8 months after right cranial cruciate ligament transection. There was no significant difference in mean tibial plateau angle before or after induction of osteophytosis. Additionally, it was determined that 90% of dogs had a difference of =2 degrees between right and left tibial plateau angles, which was considered symmetrical. 相似文献
8.
Kate L. Constantine Fernadis Makale Idah Mugambi Duncan Chacha Harrison Rware Alexander Muvea Vincent K. Kipngetich Justice Tambo Adewale Ogunmodede Djami Djeddour Corin F. Pratt Ivan Rwomushana Frances Williams 《Pest management science》2023,79(11):4343-4356
Background
In Kenya, rice (Oryza sativa L.) is mainly produced under irrigation by small-scale farmers. Mwea irrigation scheme (MIS) in Kirinyaga County accounts for 80–88% of rice production. Here, rice is the main source of livelihood and a source of revenue generation for the county. However, a recently established invasive freshwater snail, Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck) (family: Ampullariidae), a species of apple snail, presents a serious threat to rice production.Results
Household surveys, focus group discussions and key informant interviews highlight apple snail as a serious problem in MIS. Households that observed at least a moderate level of infestation (>20% of cultivated area) experienced significant reductions in rice yield (~14%) and net rice income (~60%). Farmers reported increased use of chemical pesticides for management of apple snail. In addition, the cost of hired labor for physical removal of egg masses and snails is resulting in substantial negative effects on net income. Farmer age, area of land owned, responsibility for decision-making, receipt of extension advice, training, and membership of a farmer organization, were all statistically significant variables to explain farmers awareness of the need for area-wide apple snail management.Conclusion
Strategies to limit the spread of apple snail are urgently needed. A Multi-Institutional Technical Team (MITT) has been established to spearhead management efforts and consolidate advice to farmers on how to manage apple snail. However, without action to mitigate spread, the consequences could be disastrous for rice production and food security in Kenya, and for other rice growing regions across Africa. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. 相似文献9.
Landscape Ecology and Species Conservation 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
10.
Stanislas Talaga Frédéric Petitclerc Jean-François Carrias Olivier Dézerald Céline Leroy Régis Céréghino Alain Dejean 《Landscape Ecology》2017,32(9):1805-1818