排序方式： 共有12条查询结果，搜索用时 20 毫秒
1.
Phytate degradation by lactic acid bacteria and yeasts during the wholemeal dough fermentation: a 31P NMR study 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Reale A Mannina L Tremonte P Sobolev AP Succi M Sorrentino E Coppola R 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(20):6300-6305
myo-Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) is the main source of phosphorus in cereal grains, and therefore, in bakery products. Different microorganisms such as yeasts and lactic acid bacteria have phytase enzymes able to hydrolyze IP6 during the wholemeal breadmaking. In this paper, the phytase activity of Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus curvatus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, isolated from southern Italian sourdoughs, is assayed using the (31)P NMR technique. The sourdough technology based on the use of lactic acid bacteria in the breadmaking is finally suggested. 相似文献
2.
Domitilla Pulcini Tommaso Russo Paola Reale Alexia Massa‐Gallucci Grace Brennan Stefano Cataudella 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(3):397-409
Prolonged exposure to captive conditions has led to the development of a rainbow trout ‘farmed’ phenotype, which is different from that of wild trout. Selection for desirable productive traits in hatcheries has resulted in the development of some morphological traits that are maladaptive in nature. The recent development of organic aquaculture, guided by the well‐being of the fish, could potentially produce a new farmed phenotype that would be more adaptive in nature. In this study, rainbow trout reared in intensive and organic farms were compared by means of shape analysis, to detect patterns of shape variation associated with rearing environment. The results of this study highlight a significant effect of the rearing method on rainbow trout shape: organically reared trout showed a higher body profile, in particular in the head and trunk regions, shorter median fins and a deeper caudal peduncle. A combined effect of density and habitat complexity could have contributed to the observed shape differences: in organic rearing systems, lower densities and steady water could increase territoriality and aggressive interactions, promoting body designs more functional in rapid attacks and escapes. 相似文献
3.
Cell suspension cultures of ‘Peter Pears’, a cultivar of Gladiolus x grandiflorus (Hort.), susceptible to the fungus Fusarium
oxysporum f. sp. gladioli (Mass.), have been challenged with fusaric acid, one of the toxins produced by this pathogen. Selected
cell-lines showed increased tolerance to the toxin and grew even on concentrations of fusaric acid up to 0.5 mm. When inoculated
with a conidial suspension, the mycelial growth on selected cell-lines was limited compared to the control. Fusaric acid greatly
reduced plant regeneration, and only two plants were obtained from the callus subcultured for a prolonged time on medium with
fusaric acid. These plants have a significantly altered DNA content compared to the control. A reduced callus phase on toxin-containing
medium, resulted in an improved regeneration and the DNA content of the regenerated plantlets was similar to the control.
Some plants regenerated from these fusaric acid-insensitive cell-lines showed an increased tolerance to the toxin when cultured
in vitro in presence of fusaric acid. The selected plants will be further tested for Fusarium-resistance once maturity is
reached.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
4.
Fulvio Onorati Cristian Mugnai Marina Pulcini Massimo Gabellini 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2013,13(2):474-487
Purpose
In order to assess sediment quality and to account for the great geochemical heterogeneity of Italian coasts, Local Sediment Quality Guidelines (LSQGs) have to be defined for specific portions of the coastline based on the approach developed by ICRAM–APAT (2007). This paper describes the application of LSQGs to the harbour of Fiumicino (Rome, Italy). The aims were to evaluate the quality of dredging sediments through an integrated chemical–ecotoxicological approach and to define suitable management options.Materials and methods
Thirty-eight sediment cores, covering the planned dredging depth, were collected in the study area and sliced into 92 sediment samples. Chemical analyses, including inorganic and organic contaminants as well as microbiological parameters, were carried out for all the samples. A bioassay battery composed by the bacterium Vibrio fischeri, the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus and the alga Dunaliella tertiolecta was applied on one third of the samples. LSQGs were derived from chemical and ecotoxicological data of the harbour area, and were integrated with those from the identified dumping site. The Baseline Chemical Level, corresponding to an absent or unlikely ecotoxicological hazard, and the Limit Chemical Level, corresponding to a probable ecotoxicological hazard, were the LSQGs derived for each chemical.Results and discussion
A gradient of increasing contamination, moving inland due to urban and agricultural effluents, was observed. Ecotoxicological analyses, similar to microbiological ones, confirmed the poor sediment quality, with the exception of a sample located at the port entrance, where hydrodynamics flush sediment away from the site. Principal component analysis allowed a clear discrimination of three areas, each affected by a different contamination degree and influenced by many sources related to industrial, commercial and/or urban activities. Using LSQGs and the results of bioassays, it was possible to classify the sediment quality of the whole harbour area and to define the most suitable management options. It was found that Fiumicino harbour sediment was not suitable for either beach nourishment or for offshore dumping, with the exception of a negligible amount located at the port entrance. In turn, most sediment seemed to be suitable for disposal in a properly sealed confined disposal facility or for mechanical/chemical treatment.Conclusions
This case study provided useful insights for implementing the development of LSQGs for more realistic sediment management and will assist in promoting its application to harbour dredging at the local level. 相似文献5.
Domenico Rongai Patrizio Pulcini Barbara Pesce Filomena Milano 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2017,147(1):229-238
Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is an important source of bioactive compounds and has been used in folk medicine for many centuries. This paper describes the in vitro antifungal activity of pomegranate peel aqueous extract (pae) on the development of Fusarium wilt of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum, f. sp. lycopersici. HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS analysis was performed to identify punicalagins and ellagic acid, which are the main antifungal compounds. In vivo tests established the efficacy of pae treatments in controlling Fusarium wilt by evaluating improvements in growth variables of tomato plants. At high concentrations, pae showed allelopathic activity in tomato plants. The germination and the radicle growth of tomato seeds were significantly affected by pae. Increasing the extract concentration led to a progressive decrease in germination and in the length of the radicle. The reduction of the Fusarium population in soil and the increase in number of healthy plants obtained as a result of pae treatments indicate that this plant extract could have an important role in biologically-based management strategies for the control of Fusarium wilt in tomato crops. 相似文献
6.
Evaluating a filtering and recirculating system to reduce dust drift in simulated sowing of dressed seed and abraded dust particle characteristics 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 7.
Sergio Pietro Ferrante Sergio Lucretti Silvia Reale Alessandro De Patrizio Loredana Abbate Nicasio Tusa Maria-Teresa Scarano 《Euphytica》2010,173(2):223-233
We report the accurate determination of the allelic configurations of a total of eight new citrus tetraploid hybrids by means
of SSR analysis, coupled with capillary electrophoresis, and PCR based dosage effects. Tetraploid hybrids were spontaneously
obtained from different interploid crosses (2x × 4x) between diploid ‘Femminello’ lemon and the allotetraploid somatic hybrid
(2n = 4x = 36) ‘Key’ lime + ‘Valencia’ orange, and between diploid ‘Wilking’ and ‘Fortune’ mandarins and an autotetraploid ‘Dancy’
mandarin (2n = 4x = 36). To understand the opportunity to employ them in further backcross programs, the cytological mechanisms underlying
their ploidy level were unambiguously determined using six SSR primers. PCR conditions were optimized and skewness in template/product
ratios were verified. Tetraploid allelic configurations were determined from PCR based dosage effects using electropherogram
peak heights to estimate the copy number per allele. In all the tetraploid hybrids we found out that diploginy (2n eggs) has occurred, contributing the extra haploid genome in the tetraploids. According to the marker genotypes, it was further
inferred that the 2n eggs in ‘Femminello’ lemon resulted from first division restitution (FDR), while in ‘Wilking’ and ‘Fortune’ mandarins 2n eggs occurred in second division restitution (SDR). These new genotypes, with their improved genetic female background, can
be therefore considered very valuable in our citrus genetic improvement program as pollen donors in backcrosses suitable to
eliminate negative traits. 相似文献
8.
Hoskins RA Carlson JW Kennedy C Acevedo D Evans-Holm M Frise E Wan KH Park S Mendez-Lago M Rossi F Villasante A Dimitri P Karpen GH Celniker SE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5831):1625-1628
Genome sequences for most metazoans and plants are incomplete because of the presence of repeated DNA in the heterochromatin. The heterochromatic regions of Drosophila melanogaster contain 20 million bases (Mb) of sequence amenable to mapping, sequence assembly, and finishing. We describe the generation of 15 Mb of finished or improved heterochromatic sequence with the use of available clone resources and assembly methods. We also constructed a bacterial artificial chromosome-based physical map that spans 13 Mb of the pericentromeric heterochromatin and a cytogenetic map that positions 11 Mb in specific chromosomal locations. We have approached a complete assembly and mapping of the nonsatellite component of Drosophila heterochromatin. The strategy we describe is also applicable to generating substantially more information about heterochromatin in other species, including humans. 相似文献
9.
Domitilla Pulcini Simone Franceschini Luca Buttazzoni Cristina Giannetti Fabrizio Capoccioni 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2020,29(5):445-460
ABSTRACTEuropean consumers prefer wild over farmed aquatic food and consider it healthier and tastier. Consumers are increasingly paying attention to sustainability and welfare of farmed fish. Such expectations might be met by organic certification, but this represents a cost for the producer. It is crucial to know consumer habits about farmed aquatic food consumption and willingness to pay for certification. Data about Italian consumers’ preferences regarding farmed organic aquatic food were collected by an online questionnaire. A total of 8,657 answers were analyzed, patterns associated with demographics were investigated, and the degree of correlation among answers was calculated. The majority (75%) of family units buy less than 2 kg of farmed aquatic food per month, spending on average 20–50 €. About 40% never consume organic aquaculture products because of lack of knowledge, unavailability, and high price. Slightly over half (55%) of consumers, regardless of age, sex, and area, were willing to pay a premium price for organic-certified aquatic food, seen as antibiotic free, traceable, and sustainable. Organic food in general is well known, and distrust is the main reason that consumers avoid it, while organic aquatic food is still in its infancy, and lack of knowledge is associated with low consumption. 相似文献
10.