Studies on the suitability of trap-tubs to control noxious rodents in forests     

D. Hueck  M. Schneider  V. Dubbel  H.-J. Pelz 《Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde》2001,74(4):101-106

Various types of trap-tubs were tested both under controlled conditions in standardised trial series and in the field. New trap-tubs were poorly accepted by the animals, whereas weathered tubs were readily accepted within a very short period of time. The trapping mechanisms of tubs used in Lower Saxony and improved tubs in Hesse were both found to be suitable. The trapping method proved to be highly selective since long-tailed mice (Apodemus spp.) can easily escape by jumping onto the edge of the tub. Voles (Microtus agrestis, Clethrionomys glareolus) explored the inside of the tub and worked its exits with decreasing intensity during the time of captivity. They died of hypothermia within a few hours. Elimination of the trapped rodents by their natural enemies was not observed. The trials showed that trap-tubs are suitable for selective reduction of the density of field voles and red-backed voles in forests. The results also contribute to assessing the humaneness of the control method.  相似文献   

正交试验法优化普抗合剂制备工艺     

张媛  杜洪建  盛柳青  包卫华 《中国兽药杂志》2007,41(12):36-37

以干浸膏得率和黄芩苷提取率为考核指标,采用正交试验法对普抗合剂水提取醇沉淀制备工艺进行考察.普抗合剂最佳制备工艺方案为加水量10倍,提取2次,每次1 h,55%的乙醇沉淀杂质 .该工艺科学合理,适合于大规模工业生产.  相似文献   

Stichproben in kleinflächigen Beständen     

D. R. Pelz 《European Journal of Forest Research》1980,99(1):55-60

  相似文献   

Determination of Feeder Cell‐Based Cellular Niches Supporting the Colonization and Maintenance of Spermatogonial Stem Cells from Prepubertal Domestic Cat Testes     

JI Yun  HJ Park  MH Park  MS Kim  JH Choi  E Lee  SP Gong  JM Lim  ST Lee 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(5):705-710

Recently, isolation and in vitro culture of putative spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in the domestic cat have been conducted. However, the cellular niche conditions that facilitate the establishment and long‐term maintenance of feline SSCs (FSSCs) have not been described. Therefore, we investigated the type of feeder cells used to stimulate colony formation and growth of FSSCs among the various factors in the FSSC niche. Spermatogonial stem cells isolated from feline testes were cultured on mitotically inactivated testicular stromal cells (TSCs) derived from cats, dogs and mice, and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). The formation and growth of colonies derived from SSCs cultured on each type of feeder cell were identified at passage 0, and the morphology, alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity and expression of SSC‐specific genes in surviving colonies were investigated at passage 4. Among these diverse feeder cells, TSCs from cat showed the greatest colony formation, growth and maintenance of FSSCs, and SSC colonies cultured by passage 4 showed a typical dome‐shaped morphology, AP activity and expression of SSC‐specific genes (NANOG, OCT4, SOX2 and CD9). Accordingly, these results demonstrate that feline TSCs could be used as feeder cells to support the establishment and maintenance of SSCs from domestic cats.  相似文献   

Complex multicolor tilings and critical phenomena in tetraphilic liquid crystals     

Zeng X  Kieffer R  Glettner B  Nürnberger C  Liu F  Pelz K  Prehm M  Baumeister U  Hahn H  Lang H  Gehring GA  Weber CH  Hobbs JK  Tschierske C  Ungar G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6022):1302-1306

T-shaped molecules with a rod-like aromatic core and a flexible side chain form liquid crystal honeycombs with aromatic cell walls and a cell interior filled with the side chains. Here, we show how the addition of a second chain, incompatible with the first (X-shaped molecules), can form honeycombs with highly complex tiling patterns, with cells of up to five different compositions ("colors") and polygonal shapes. The complexity is caused by the inability of the side chains to separate cleanly because of geometric frustration. Furthermore, a thermoreversible transition was observed between a multicolor (phase-separated) and a single-color (mixed) honeycomb phase. This is analogous to the Curie transition in simple and frustrated ferro- and antiferromagnets; here spin flips are replaced by 180° reorientations of the molecules.  相似文献   

The dispersal of Culicoides brevitarsis in eastern New South Wales and associations with the occurrences of arbovirus infections in cattle     

AL BISHOP  PD KIRKLAND†  HJ MCKENZIE  IM BARCHIA 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,73(5):174-178

Distributions of the vector Culicoides brevitarsis Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) (determined from light trap data) and 2 arboviruses (determined from seroconversions in sentinel cattle) were studied in eastern New South Wales in 1993–94. C brevitarsis was recorded progressively from endemic areas on the north coast, to Nowra on the south coast, and westward to Scone, in the Hunter Valley. C brevitarsis also survived through winter at Paterson, in the Hunter Valley. Its apparently focal reappearance in this marginal area had no obvious effect on the broad pattern of its progression or the dispersal of Akabane and bluetongue viruses. These viruses were first recorded from foci near Coffs Harbour, on the mid-north coast. Their first occurrences at different locations were associated with those of C brevitarsis, but not with each other. The viruses were found only within the recorded limits of the vector's distribution. Delays between the initial occurrence of C brevitarsis and first evidence of virus transmissions at locations ranged from 2 to 7 months. The delays decreased away from the points of focus and were negatively associated with the time of initial occurrence of the vector. Seroconversions to the viruses were related to the presence of C brevitarsis. However, the densities of C brevitarsis had no apparent effect on the initial numbers of cattle seroconverting to either virus. The results support the conclusion that the progressions of C brevitarsis and Akabane and bluetongue viruses were the result of gradual movements by the vector.  相似文献   

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae septicaemia in translocated kakapo (Strigops habroptilus)     

MR Alley  BD Gartrell  HJ Mack  CM McInnes 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(1)

  相似文献   

Unconditional quantum teleportation   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

A Furusawa  JL Sorensen  SL Braunstein  CA Fuchs  HJ Kimble  ES Polzik 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,282(5389):706-709

Quantum teleportation of optical coherent states was demonstrated experimentally using squeezed-state entanglement. The quantum nature of the achieved teleportation was verified by the experimentally determined fidelity Fexp = 0.58 +/- 0.02, which describes the match between input and output states. A fidelity greater than 0.5 is not possible for coherent states without the use of entanglement. This is the first realization of unconditional quantum teleportation where every state entering the device is actually teleported.  相似文献   

Die Wirkung einer Vitamin-A-Zulage auf die Konzentration einzelner antioxidativer Komponenten und die Antioxidative Kapazität im Serum von Ponys     

. Von H. Fuhrmann  G. Pelz  H. -P. Sallmann 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》1999,82(5):264-270

Einleitung
Das Plasma enthält wenige antioxidative Enzyme, ist aber reich an anderen hoch- und niedermolekularen antioxidativen Molekülen. Hier sind die Plasma-Proteine mit ihren Thiolgruppen, allen voran Albumin, zu nennen. Von den niedermolekularen Verbindungen haben Urat, Ascorbat, Thiole, Bilirubin und α-Tocopherol eine Bedeutung. Als Parameter für die oxidative Homöostase des Organismus kann die Bestimmung der antioxidativen Kapazität des Plasmas und anderer biologischer Flüssigkeiten herangezogen werden (L ewin and P opov 1994). In den letzten Jahren wurde eine Vielzahl von Methoden zur Bestimmung der Antioxidativen Kapazität von Einzelsubstanzen und biologischem Material entwickelt. Die Generation freier Radikale geschah photochemisch (P opov and L ewin 1994), chemisch oder chemisch-enzymatisch (P ascual and R omay 1992). Die antioxidative Wirkung wurde dann über Radikal-Spintrapping (S oriani et al. 1994), Fluoreszens (R-Phycoerythrin) oder Chemilumineszenz (Luminol) ermittelt.
Die genannten Verfahren haben bisher kaum Eingang in die Tiermedizin gefunden, obwohl eine Reihe metabolischer Dysfunktionen bei Haustieren mit Störungen des peroxidativen Stoffwechsels in Zusammenhang gebracht werden (F uhrmann et al. 1996; M udron et al. 1997; S allmann 1998).
Ein weiterer Aspekt der Antioxidativen Kapazität ist die bei einigen Spezies beschriebene verminderte Vitamin E-Retention bei hohen Gaben von Vitamin A (Huhn: C ombs 1976; F rigg and B roz 1983; Ratte: J enkins and M itchell 1986; Schwein: H oppe and S ch & ouml ; ner 1993). Demzufolge erhob sich die Frage, ob auch beim Pony eine überhöhte Gabe von Vitamin A die Tocopherolgehalte und damit den antioxidativen Stoffwechsel negativ beeinflußt. Dazu wurden neben einzelnen antioxidativen Komponenten die Antioxidative Kapazität des Serums mit zwei unterschiedlichen Methoden bestimmt.  相似文献   

Role of Fatty Acids in Energy Provision During Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryo Development     

RG Sturmey  A Reis  HJ Leese  TG McEvoy 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S3):50-58

While much is known about the metabolism of exogenous nutrients such as glucose, lactate, pyruvate, amino acids by oocytes and pre-implantation mammalian embryos, the role of endogenous stores, particularly lipid, has been largely overlooked. The presence of lipid within oocytes and early embryos has been long known, and comparisons between species indicate that the amounts and types of lipid present vary considerably. Large amounts of intracellular lipid can compromise the success of cryopreservation and the removal of such lipid has been the subject of considerable effort. In this review, we present evidence that strongly suggests a metabolic role for lipid, specifically with regard to energy provision, in the late-stage oocyte and the pre-implantation embryo. We focus initially on oxygen consumption as a global indicator of metabolic activity, before reviewing different approaches that either have been designed to investigate directly, or have revealed indirectly the role of endogenous lipid in energy generation. These fall under five headings: (i) fatty acid oxidation; (ii) inhibition of triglyceride oxidation; (iii) culture in the absence of exogenous substrates; (iv) cytoplasmic organization; and (v) delipidation. On the basis of the data derived from these studies, we conclude that there is strong evidence for the utilization of endogenous lipid as an energy substrate by oocytes and early embryos.  相似文献