Diagnosis of potato virus Y^N: a comparison between polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies and a biological assay     

D. G. ROSE  SUSAN McCARRA  D. H. MITCHELL 《Plant pathology》1987,36(1):95-99

In an investigation conducted over 5 years, tests of samples from the Scottish Seed Potato Classification Scheme showed that when monoclonal antibodies (McABs) were used with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), they reliably detected the tobacco veinal necrosis strain of potato virus Y (PVY^N). Polyclonal antibodies used in the first 3 years of the investigation were unreliable in differentiating PVY^N from the ordinary strain (PVY^N). It is suggested that ELISA and McABs be routinely used to diagnose PVY^N and that all samples which give negative results be further assayed biologically to identify the virus or to indicate strains of PVY^N not detectable by the McAB. Problems encountered with both assay systems are discussed.  相似文献   

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING CHARACTERISTICS OF PERIPHERAL NERVE SHEATH TUMORS OF THE CANINE BRACHIAL PLEXUS IN 18 DOGS     

SUSAN KRAFT  E. J. EHRHART  DAVID GALL  LISA KLOPP  PATRICK GAVIN  RUSS TUCKER  ROD BAGLEY  HEGE KIPPENES  CONSTANCE DEHAAN  VINCE PEDROIA  BETH PARTINGTON  NATASHA OLBY 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2007,48(1):1-7

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations from 18 dogs with a histologically confirmed peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST) of the brachial plexus were assessed retrospectively. Almost half (8/18) had a diffuse thickening of the brachial plexus nerve(s), six of which extended into the vertebral canal. The other 10/18 dogs had a nodule or mass in the axilla (1.2-338 cm3). Seven of those 10 masses also had diffuse nerve sheath thickening, three of which extended into the vertebral canal. The majority of tumors were hyperintense to muscle on T2-weighted images and isointense on T1-weighted images. Eight of 18 PNSTs had only minimal to mild contrast enhancement and many (13/18) enhanced heterogeneously following gadolinium DTPA administration. Transverse plane images with a large enough field of view (FOV) to include both axillae and the vertebral canal were essential, allowing in-slice comparison to detect lesions by asymmetry of structures. Higher resolution, smaller FOV, multiplanar examination of the cervicothoracic spine was important for appreciating nerve root and foraminal involvement. Short tau inversion recovery, T2-weighted, pre and postcontrast T1-weighted pulse sequences were all useful. Contrast enhancement was critical to detecting subtle diffuse nerve sheath involvement or small isointense nodules, and for accurately identifying the full extent of disease. Some canine brachial plexus tumors can be challenging to detect, requiring a rigorous multiplanar multi-pulse sequence MRI examination.  相似文献   

Ulnar Subluxation Following Repair of a Fractured Radius in a Foal     

SUSAN M. STOVER dvm  MARK C. RICK dvm   《Veterinary surgery : VS》1985,14(1):27-31

Compression plating of a transverse mid-diaphyseal radial fracture in a 4-month-old Arabian filly resulted in subluxation of the ulna. Two screws transfixed the radius to the ulna and resulted in synostoses. This was followed by uncoordinated growth of the radius and ulna, and subluxation of the ulna. Progressive remodeling of the ulna subsequently reestablished articular congruity between the humerus and ulna.  相似文献   

EFFECT OF REDUCED SALINITY INPUT ON RIVER STRATIFICATION AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN     

EFFLER  STEVEN W.  DOERR  SUSAN M.  OWENS  EMMET M. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1997,95(1-4):45-58

Changes in the occurrence, character, and longitudinal extent of salinity (S) stratification, and related impacts on dissolved oxygen (DO), in the Seneca and Oswego Rivers, NY, in response to the abatement of ionic pollution of inflowing Onondaga Lake, is documented. The analysis is based on vertical profiles of specific conductance and DO collected over a 20 km reach of the river system for several years before and after the closure of the source of the ionic pollution, a soda ash manufacturing facility. TheS difference between the lake and the Seneca River decreased from about 2.6 to 0.7 parts per thousand (%.) following the closure; more than 50% of the continuing difference is associated with lingering ionic waste loading from soda ash production. The occurrence and longitudinal range of theS stratification phenomenon was, and continues to be, highly dependent on river flow. It is most strongly manifested when river flow is low. The occurrence, magnitude, and longtitudinal extent ofS stratification have decreased, and vertical exchange between the stratified layers has increased, since the closure, thereby ameliorating the coupled negative impact on the river's oxygen resources. However, under low flow conditions (e.g., probability of occurrence equal to 15%)S stratification continues to extent > 2 km upstream and > 8 km downstream of the point of entry of Onondaga Lake into the Seneca River. Severe DO depletion in the lowel river layer, representing violations of New York water quality standards, continues to occur where S stratification prevails. Elimination of the continuing ionic waste inputs from soda ash production would further limit the stratification phenomenon and improve the river's DO problem.  相似文献   

Modified Lateral Orbitotomy for Removal of Orbital Neoplasms in Two Dogs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

BRIAN C. GILGER dvm. MS.    R. DAVID WHITLEY DVM  MS.  SUSAN A. MCLAUGHLIN dvm  MS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1994,23(1):53-58

A simplified lateral orbitotomy is described that decreases surgical time and lessens tissue dissection, yet maintains the exposure to the orbit provided by other orbitotomy techniques. The approach involves cutting the orbital ligament, incising the temporalis aponeurosis from the dorsal zygomatic arch, making parallel zygomatic arch osteotomies, and reflecting the zygomatic arch ventrally. Closure of the wound involves wiring the zygomatic arch back into place. This orbitotomy procedure provides excellent exposure for removal or biopsy of orbital masses. The use of this technique for surgical excision of orbital masses in two dogs, one with an adenoma of the third eyelid gland and one with an orbital fibrosarcoma, and their subsequent management is described.  相似文献   

Testicular neoplasia in an intersex dog     

D. F. KELLY  SUSAN E. LONG  GAIL D. STROHMENGER† 《The Journal of small animal practice》1976,17(4):247-253

A 9-year-old male, pseudohermaphrodite Labrador had intermittent urinary incontinence and haematuria. Laparotomy revealed two neoplastic intra-abdominal testes and a uterus which communicated with the urethra. Seminoma and Sertoli cell tumours were found in the testes.  相似文献   

Nutritional support of hospitalised dogs and cats     

SUSAN DONOGHUE 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(10):332-336

SUMMARY Nutritional support of hospitalised dogs and cats improves recovery from illness, reduces mortality, and improves responses to trauma and stress. The primary goal of nutritional support is to prevent use of tissue protein. This is accomplished by the provision of sufficient calories and dietary protein in optimal proportions. For nutritional support, calorie intake is adjusted according to the patient's metabolic rate so that the animal may be fed above or below its usual intake. Nutritional support should always be started gradually, no matter what the final calorie goal may be. For many sick dogs fed enterally, diets provide about 30% of calories from fat and at least 27% of calories from protein. Carbohydrates in nutritional support diets should not include maize, wheat or, especially, soy. Sick cats fed enterally should receive at least 30% of calories from both fat and protein.  相似文献   

Distraction Osteogenesis Using Modified External Fixation Devices in Five Dogs     

SUSAN R. YANOFF DVM  MS    DONALD A. HULSE DVM  Dipiomate ACVS    ROSS H. PALMER DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVS  MICHAEL R. HERRON DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1992,21(6):480-487

Distraction osteogenesis was used to treat five dogs with limb deformities or limb shortening. The affected bones underwent osteotomy, and modified external fixators were attached. Complications included pin loosening, implant breakage, and soft-tissue contracture. Adequate limb length was attained in all cases, but clinical results varied from poor to excellent. Two dogs were not lame after the procedure, two dogs had improved function but were still lame, and one dog had complications necessitating amputation.  相似文献   

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Dogs with Confirmed Shoulder Pathology     

SEAN E. MURPHY DVM  Diplomate ACVS  ELIZABETH A. BALLEGEER DVM  LISA J. FORREST VMD  Diplomate ACVR  SUSAN L. SCHAEFER MS  DVM  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(7):631-638

Objective— To evaluate the diagnostic potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared with a reference standard, arthroscopic and/or open surgery, in dogs with soft tissue shoulder pathology. Study Design— Retrospective study. Animals— Dogs (n=21). Methods— Magnetic resonance (MR) images were retrospectively evaluated in 21 dogs that had surgically identified soft tissue shoulder pathology. The musculotendinous units of the biceps, infraspinatus, teres minor, supraspinatus, subscapularis, and the medial and lateral glenohumeral ligaments (MGHL and LGHL) were graded as either normal or abnormal. Abnormal structures were further classified as being either inflamed, partially torn, or fully torn. Impingement of the biceps tendon was also evaluated. Results were reported in terms of agreement and concordance between MRI findings and surgical findings. Agreement was defined as the percentage of times MRI findings concurred with surgical findings with respect to a structure being either normal or abnormal. Concordance was defined as the percentage of times MRI concurred with the exact surgically assessed pathology when abnormality was identified. Results— The findings were biceps tendon: 90% agreement with 100% concordance; subscapularis: 95% agreement with 62% concordance; MGHL: 84% agreement with 83% concordance; LGHL: 88% agreement with 100% concordance; infraspinatus: 100% both agreement and concordance; biceps tendon impingement: 90% agreement with 100% concordance. Conclusions— Soft tissue abnormalities of the canine shoulder were readily identified on preoperative MR images. Clinical Relevance— MRI shows great potential as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of canine shoulder disease.  相似文献   

Mechanical Comparison of 3.5 mm Broad Dynamic Compression Plate,Broad Limited‐Contact Dynamic Compression Plate,and Narrow Locking Compression Plate Systems Using Interfragmentary Gap Models     

JUSTIN M. UHL MS  BERNARD SEGUIN DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS  AMY S. KAPATKIN DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS  KURT S. SCHULZ DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS  TANYA C. GARCIA MS  SUSAN M. STOVER DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(7):663-673

Objectives— To compare (1) pullout properties between 3.5 mm cortical and locking screws, and (2) mechanical properties and gap displacements between the 3.5 mm broad limited‐contact dynamic compression plate (LC‐DCP), broad dynamic compression plate (DCP), and narrow locking compression plate (LCP), during axial loading of plate‐stabilized diaphyseal fragments with an interfragmentary gap. Study Design— In vitro mechanical testing of implanted polyurethane foam (PUF) hollow cylinders that simulated compact or osteopenic diaphyseal bone. Sample Population— (1) Five cortical and locking screws and (2) 4 PUF‐plate constructs for each plate type; using high‐ and low‐density (0.8 and 0.32 g/cm³) cylinders. Methods— (1) Screws were completely extracted at 5 mm/min. (2) Plated constructs were axially compressed at 300 N/s for 10 cycles from 5 to 355 N to determine gap displacement during physiologic loading, followed by single cycle increasing load to failure. Results— Pullout properties were not different between screw types. All plate constructs had yield loads over 3 times trotting loads. Gap closure occurred with LC‐DCP and DCP constructs, but not LCP constructs. LCP construct properties were most similar to LC‐DCP and DCP construct properties in the low‐density model. Conclusion— All plate systems sustained physiologic limb loads. Only LCP constructs maintained some gap integrity, although LC‐DCP and DCP screws were placed in neutral position. Clinical Relevance— The LCP system is more likely than LC‐DCP and DCP systems, with neutrally positioned screws, to maintain a planned interfragmentary gap, although gap strains range from 0% to 15% across the 2 mm gap during a trot load.  相似文献