Long-term study (2005–2010) on the vaccination with BoHV-1 glycoprotein E-deleted marker vaccine in selected two dairy herds in Turkey     

Feray Alkan  S. Bilge-Dagalp  Z. Karapınar  M. O. Timurkan  N. Coskun  I. Burgu 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(2):353-363

A follow-up study from 2005 to 2010 was carried out in two herds where eradication programme for the bovine herpes virus-1 (BoHV-1) infection depends on the vaccination with inactivated glycoprotein E-deleted vaccine that was started in 2001 following the vaccination with inactivated conventional vaccine between 1999 and 2001. For serological screening, a total of 12,976 sera sampled over several sampling times approximately 6 months of interval during 5 years (2005–2010) were tested for glycoprotein E (gE)- and glycoprotein B-specific antibodies using ELISA. According to the serological evidence, the long-term persistence of BoHV-1 antibodies, success of marker vaccine, first vaccination time of the calves in herds regularly vaccinated, etc. were discussed in this paper. In conclusion, the vaccination programme using gE (?) marker vaccines, with making efforts to prevent the other factors about transmission of infection, was suggested for the eradication of BoHV-1 infection in Turkey as many EU countries. This is the first report on the BoHV-1 eradication programme in some dairy cattle in Turkey.  相似文献   

Neural networks with artificial bee colony algorithm for modeling daily reference evapotranspiration   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Coskun Ozkan  Ozgur Kisi  Bahriye Akay 《Irrigation Science》2011,29(6):431-441

The study investigates the ability of artificial neural networks (ANN) with artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm in daily reference evapotranspiration (ET₀) modeling. The daily climatic data, solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed from two stations, Pomona and Santa Monica, in Los Angeles, USA, are used as inputs to the ANN–ABC model so as to estimate ET₀ obtained using the FAO-56 Penman–Monteith (PM) equation. In the first part of the study, the accuracy of ANN–ABC models is compared with those of the ANN models trained with Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) and standard back-propagation (SBP) algorithms and those of the following empirical models: The California Irrigation Management System (CIMIS) Penman, Hargreaves, and Ritchie methods. The mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and determination coefficient (R²) statistics are used for evaluating the accuracy of the models. Based on the comparison results, the ANN–ABC and ANN–LM models are found to be superior alternative to the ANN–SBP models. In the second part of the study, the potential of the ANN–ABC, ANN–LM, and ANN–SBP models in estimation ET₀ using nearby station data is investigated.  相似文献   

Self-trapping of dark incoherent light beams     

Z Chen  M Mitchell  M Segev  TH Coskun  DN Christodoulides 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,280(5365):889-892

"Dark beams" are nonuniform optical beams that contain either a one-dimensional (1D) dark stripe or a two-dimensional (2D) dark hole resulting from a phase singularity or an amplitude depression in their optical field. Thus far, self-trapped dark beams (dark solitons) have been observed using coherent light only. Here, self-trapped dark incoherent light beams (self-trapped dark incoherent wavepackets) were observed. Both dark stripes and dark holes nested in a broad partially spatially incoherent wavefront were self-trapped to form dark solitons in a host photorefractive medium. These self-trapped 1D and 2D dark beams induced refractive-index changes akin to planar and circular dielectric waveguides. The experiments introduce the possibility of controlling high-power coherent laser beams with low-power incoherent light sources such as light emitting diodes.  相似文献   

Phase-coherent transport in graphene quantum billiards     

Miao F  Wijeratne S  Zhang Y  Coskun UC  Bao W  Lau CN 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5844):1530-1533

As an emergent electronic material and model system for condensed-matter physics, graphene and its electrical transport properties have become a subject of intense focus. By performing low-temperature transport spectroscopy on single-layer and bilayer graphene, we observe ballistic propagation and quantum interference of multiply reflected waves of charges from normal electrodes and multiple Andreev reflections from superconducting electrodes, thereby realizing quantum billiards in which scattering only occurs at the boundaries. In contrast to the conductivity of conventional two-dimensional materials, graphene's conductivity at the Dirac point is geometry-dependent because of conduction via evanescent modes, approaching the theoretical value 4e(2)/pih (where e is the electron charge and h is Planck's constant) only for short and wide devices. These distinctive transport properties have important implications for understanding chaotic quantum systems and implementing nanoelectronic devices, such as ballistic transistors.  相似文献   

Therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate on experimental Babesia ovis infection of lambs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sevinc F  Turgut K  Sevinc M  Ekici OD  Coskun A  Koc Y  Erol M  Ica A 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,149(1-2):65-71

The objective of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate (IMDP) against babesiosis and to determine specific antibodies against Babesia ovis in experimentally infected lambs. Thirty-six 6-month-old splenectomized lambs were used. The lambs were randomly divided into six groups with six animals each, and were intravenously inoculated with 50 mL B. ovis-infected erythrocytes as follows: group I (therapy group) was treated with IMDP (1.2 mg/kg body weight) starting on the day of onset of clinical signs of babesiosis after the inoculation; group II (untreated control animals) was not treated with any therapeutic treatment after the inoculation; groups III, IV, V and VI (prophylaxis groups) were administered IMDP (2.4 mg/kg body weight) 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks before the inoculation, respectively. The animals were housed in a tick-proof room with water and food ad libitum up to the 30th day post-inoculation (PI). The lambs were monitored from the first day PI by recording the manifestation of clinical disease, rectal temperature, and the degree of parasitaemia. All the lambs became infected with B. ovis, except five animals from group III, which were treated 1 week prior to experimental infection. Other animals showed signs of acute clinical babesiosis. The animals treated with IMDP (group I) were able to clear the parasite from the blood circulation after 48 h post-treatment. The recrudescence of B. ovis was observed in two lambs 7 days after treatment, and they were treated with the second similar dose of the drug. Six lambs (1, 1, 2 and 2 lambs in group III, IV, V and VI, respectively) from the prophylaxis groups died within 7-17 days after showing high parasitaemia and clinical symptoms of the disease. Regardless of the clinical symptoms, 83.30% and 66.66% of the lambs which were administered IMDP 1-2 and 3-4 weeks before, were determined to be protected against the virulent field strain of B. ovis.  相似文献   

Extension of murine life span by overexpression of catalase targeted to mitochondria     

Schriner SE  Linford NJ  Martin GM  Treuting P  Ogburn CE  Emond M  Coskun PE  Ladiges W  Wolf N  Van Remmen H  Wallace DC  Rabinovitch PS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,308(5730):1909-1911

To determine the role of reactive oxygen species in mammalian longevity, we generated transgenic mice that overexpress human catalase localized to the peroxisome, the nucleus, or mitochondria (MCAT). Median and maximum life spans were maximally increased (averages of 5 months and 5.5 months, respectively) in MCAT animals. Cardiac pathology and cataract development were delayed, oxidative damage was reduced, H2O2 production and H2O2-induced aconitase inactivation were attenuated, and the development of mitochondrial deletions was reduced. These results support the free radical theory of aging and reinforce the importance of mitochondria as a source of these radicals.  相似文献   

Effects of humic substances supplementation provided through drinking water on performance,carcass traits and meat quality of broilers     

E. Ozturk  N. Ocak  I. Coskun  S. Turhan  G. Erener 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2010,94(1):78-85

The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of different doses of humic substances (HS) in waterer pan on broiler performances and meat quality. For the trial, 480 chicks (ROSS 308) were allocated into four groups (HS0, HS150, HS300 and HS450) of 120 equally mixed‐sex birds, each receiving a drinking water supplemented with 0, 150, 300 and 450 ppm of a humic acid (provided by 0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% of HS, v/v) respectively. At the age of 21 and 42 days, feed consumption and live weight were taken. At the age of 42 days, 16 birds per treatment were slaughtered, dressing percentages, digestive tract traits were evaluated and samples of breast (pectoralis major) and thigh (iliotibialis) meat were taken to evaluate the changes in colour characteristics (CIE L*, a* and b*) and chemical composition. The body weight gain increased by the HS300 in relation to the HS0 and HS450, and decreased by the HS450 in relation to the HS0. The feed consumption of birds in the HS450 and feed efficiency of birds in the HS300 were lower and higher than those in the other treatments respectively. The carcass weight of broilers in the HS150 and HS300 were higher than those of in the HS0 and HS450. The carcass weight decreased by the HS450 in relation to the other treatments. The dressing percentage increased by the HS150 in relation to the HS450. The HS450 resulted in breast and thigh meat colour that were lighter than those found in the HS0 birds. The HS450 increased fat content of thigh meat in relation to the HS0. It was concluded that the humic acid supplementation at 300 ppm and 450 ppm appears to have a measurable impact on live performance improving feed efficiency and lightness of breast and thigh meat colours in broilers respectively.  相似文献   

Determination of Environmental Quality of a Drinking Water Reservoir by Remote Sensing, GIS and Regression Analysis     

H. Gonca Coskun  Aysegul Tanik  Ugur Alganci  H. Kerem Cigizoglu 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2008,194(1-4):275-285

Istanbul, housing a population over ten million and with population increase rate of approximately twice that of Turkey, is one of the greatest metropolitan cities of the world. As a consequence of rapid population growth and industrial development, Omerli watershed is highly affected by wastewater discharges from the residential areas and industrial plants. The main objective of this study is to investigate the temporal assessment of the land-use/cover of the Omerli Watershed and the water quality changes in the Reservoir. The study is mainly focused on the acquisition and analysis of the Satellite Probatoire de l'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) (1993), Indian Remote Sensing satellite (IRS) (1996 and 2000) and Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) (2004, 2005, and 2006) satellite images that reflect the drastic land-use/cover changes utilizing the ground truth measurements. The rapid, uncontrolled, and illegal urbanization coupled with insufficient infrastructure has caused the deterioration of the water quality within the past two decades in the Omerli watershed. The water quality analysis of the drinking water Reservoir within the watershed is investigated using 2006 dated Landsat TM satellite digital data. The results are compiled and compared with the water quality measurements of parameters like total nitrogen (TN), the total phosphorus (TP), chlorophyll a (CL) and total dissolved solids (TDS). The observed reflectance shows a strong relationship with the water quality parameters and thus, the satellite data proved to provide a useful index of TN, TP, CL and TDS. Moreover, the linkage between the water quality parameters and the individual band reflectance values are supported by multiple regression analysis.  相似文献   

Effect of supportive therapy on the pharmacokinetics of intravenous marbofloxacin in endotoxemic sheep     

Devran Coskun  Orhan Corum  Enver Yazar 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(3):288-296

The purpose of this study was to determine the influences of supportive therapy (ST) on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of marbofloxacin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemic sheep. Furthermore, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of marbofloxacin against Escherichia coli, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus was determined. The study was performed using a three-period cross PK design following a 15-day washout period. In the first period, marbofloxacin (10 mg/kg) was administered by an intravenous (IV) injection. In the second and third periods, marbofloxacin was co-administered with ST (lactated ringer + 5% dextrose + 0.45% sodium chloride, IV, 20 ml/kg, dexamethasone 0.5 mg/kg, SC) and ST + LPS (E. coli O55:B5, 10 µg/kg), respectively. Plasma marbofloxacin concentration was measured using HPLC-UV. Following IV administration of marbofloxacin alone, the , AUC_0–∞, Cl_T, and V_dss were 2.87 hr, 34.73 hr × µg/ml, 0.29 L hr⁻¹ kg⁻¹, and 0.87 L/kg, respectively. While no change was found in the MBX + ST group in terms of the PK parameters of marbofloxacin, it was determined that the Cl_T of marbofloxacin decreased, AUC_0–∞ increased, and and MRT prolonged in the MBX + ST + LPS group. MIC values of marbofloxacin were 0.031 to >16 µg/ml for E. coli, 0.016 to >16 µg/ml for M. haemolytica, 0.016–1 µg/ml for P. multocida, 0.016–0.25 µg/ml for K. pneumoniae, 0.031–0.063 µg/ml for Salmonella spp., and 0.031–1 µg/ml for S. aureus. The study results show the necessity to make a dose adjustment of marbofloxacin following concomitant administration of ST in endotoxemic sheep. Also, the PK and pharmacodynamic effect of marbofloxacin needs to be determined in naturally infected septicemic sheep following concomitant administration of single and ST.  相似文献   

Shear-activated nanotherapeutics for drug targeting to obstructed blood vessels     

N Korin  M Kanapathipillai  BD Matthews  M Crescente  A Brill  T Mammoto  K Ghosh  S Jurek  SA Bencherif  D Bhatta  AU Coskun  CL Feldman  DD Wagner  DE Ingber 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,337(6095):738-742

Obstruction of critical blood vessels due to thrombosis or embolism is a leading cause of death worldwide. Here, we describe a biomimetic strategy that uses high shear stress caused by vascular narrowing as a targeting mechanism--in the same way platelets do--to deliver drugs to obstructed blood vessels. Microscale aggregates of nanoparticles were fabricated to break up into nanoscale components when exposed to abnormally high fluid shear stress. When coated with tissue plasminogen activator and administered intravenously in mice, these shear-activated nanotherapeutics induce rapid clot dissolution in a mesenteric injury model, restore normal flow dynamics, and increase survival in an otherwise fatal mouse pulmonary embolism model. This biophysical strategy for drug targeting, which lowers required doses and minimizes side effects while maximizing drug efficacy, offers a potential new approach for treatment of life-threatening diseases that result from acute vascular occlusion.  相似文献