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Buddhi Marambe Siril Wijesundara Kushan Tennakoon Dhammika Pindeniya Chandana Jayasinghe 《Weed Biology and Management》2002,2(2):79-83
The growth and development of Cuscuta chinensis Lam., and the effects of the holoparasite on the growth and yield of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ), chilli ( Capsicum annuum ) and rice ( Oryza sativa ) were investigated in pot experiments under glasshouse conditions. 'Mature' and 'immature' seeds of C. chinensis showed 15 and 47% germination, respectively. The independent life duration of seedlings from 'immature' seeds was 6 days shorter than 'mature' seeds (19 days). Cuscuta chinensis formed haustoria on chilli and tomato, but not on rice seedlings. Infection with three C. chinensis seedlings per host plant reduced leaf area, dry weight, carbon and nitrogen content by 78–84% and 27–44% in tomato and chilli plants, respectively. Dry weight of C. chinensis was 0.63 g per pot in tomato, and 0.24 g per pot in chilli. Carbon and nitrogen content of C. chinensis was 0.189 and 0.028 g per pot, respectively, when grown with tomato. When it was grown with chilli, the carbon and nitrogen content of C. chinensis was 0.001 and 0.007 g per pot, respectively. Cuscuta chinensis reduced the fruit yield of tomato and chilli by 72 and 29%, respectively. The results indicated that tomato is a preferred host of C. chinensis compared with chilli, and rice is not preferred. In the host–parasite associations, C. chinensis suppressed growth and yield of chilli and tomato by diverting the elaborated products of metabolism of the hosts. 相似文献
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Ilmi Ganga Namali Hewajulige Yasmina Sultanbawa R. Shanthi Wilson Wijeratnam Ravindra L. C. Wijesundara 《Phytoparasitica》2009,37(5):437-444
The effect of a chitosan coating on antifungal activity and rate of respiration, chitinase and β, 1-3 glucanase activities
with reference to papaya variety ‘Rathna’ was investigated. One percent chitosan, extracted from locally available prawn waste,
was selected as the effective concentration to inhibit spore germination via a series of experiments on potato dextrose agar.
Rate of respiration and the concentration of CO2 in the internal cavity of chitosan-treated and untreated papaya were tested via gas chromatography. Chitinase and β,1-3 glucanase
activities were tested in peel samples using gel diffusion and spectrophotometric assays, respectively. Complete inhibition
of spore germination was observed in-vitro at treatments of 1% chitosan and above. This concentration significantly (P < 0.05) reduced both disease incidence and severity on inoculated fresh papaya. Significant (P < 0.05) decrease was observed in rate of respiration while internal CO2 concentration of the fruit increased (P < 0.05) with the chitosan treatment. Chitinase and β,1-3 glucanase activities of papaya variety Rathna subjected to chitosan
treatment were much higher than in the untreated control. Chitosan shows antifungal activity to the anthracnose disease causing
fungus and stimulates the defense response on the papaya peel by increasing the chitinase and β,1-3 glucanase activities.
The antifungal activity of chitosan could be attributed to the induction of elicitation activity due to these defense enzymes.
It also forms a semi-permeable coating around the fruit and extends storage life of papaya by reducing the rate of respiration
and delaying ripening. 相似文献
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Shirly Raichal Anil E. A. Siril S. Suhara Beevy 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2011,58(8):1263-1274
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson is a tuberous herb occurring in the wild and cultivated state. Vegetative morphological characters were
studied at full foliage stage in 17 accessions of A. paeoniifolius which include two cultivars, 15 wild accessions and a related species, A. dubius Blume. The first principal component (PC) accounted for 42.32% of phenotypic variance followed by second for another 18.38%.
Major traits that accounted for more variability in both PC1 and PC2 include offset shape, cormel weight per corm, corm fresh
weight, petiole surface pattern and canopy spread. The unweighted pair- group method with mathematical averaging (UPGMA) clustering
method revealed three principal clusters which separated all the accessions between Euclidean distances of 0.3–1.6. Both cluster
analysis and principal co-ordinate analysis revealed T10, a morphotype of A. paeoniifolius var. campanulatus (Decne.) Sivad. cultivated in Tamil Nadu and P19 accession of A. paeoniifolius var. paeoniifolius from Karnataka as morphologically distinct, which needs further validation on the basis of floral characters or molecular
markers and G3 from Gujarat as an immediate ancestor of cultivated elephant foot yam. The genotypic (GCV) and phenotypic (PCV)
coefficients of variation, broad sense heritability (h2B) and genetic advance (GA) as a percent of the mean assessed for 18 accessions revealed high heritability estimates. A highly
significant (P < 0.01) correlation coefficient between circumference of petiole base and corm diameter, corm height, corm weight, east west
spread and north south spread suggests that circumference of petiole and canopy spread are indicators to corm weight and size. 相似文献
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Drisya Ravi R. S. Nair Bindu R. Siril E. A. 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2021,68(8):3241-3256
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Moringa oleifera Lam. (common name: drum stick, horseradish tree) belongs to the monogeneric family, Moringaceae. Immature pods, fresh leaves and flowers of... 相似文献
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