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Solmaz Nadaf Fahmideh Mohammad Sadegh Allahyari Christos A. Damalas Zahara Daghighi Masouleh Mona Ghazi 《Paddy and Water Environment》2017,15(4):907-917
Factors affecting the adoption of double cropping were explored in rice farms of Fouman County of Guilan Province in northern Iran using artificial neural networks (ANNs), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and logistic regression (LGR). Eleven factors (age, education, occupation, family size, type of farm ownership, distance to the agricultural service center, attending agricultural extension courses, use of financial resources and bank loans, number of domestic animals, area under cultivation, and social participation) were examined. An additional objective was to compare the ability of the three models in predicting the adoption of double cropping. ANNs showed an overall predictive power of 89.8%. LDA showed an overall predictive power of 83.2%, with seven of the eleven independent variables being effective on the adoption of double cropping. LGR indicated an overall predictive power of 87.6%, with eight of the eleven independent variables being effective on the adoption of double-rice cropping. ANNs showed higher power than LGR and LDA in predicting the adoption of double cropping. Based on all three methods used for analysis, the most important independent variables were social participation and area under cultivation (positive factors) as well as distance to the agricultural service center and family members (negative factors). Establishment of cooperatives or other kinds of farmers’ associations to foster social participation could motivate adoption of double cropping, particularly among small-scale farmers. To increase agricultural services, more local centers should be created in rural areas. The government should promote double cropping through effective incentives and technology transfer to small-scale farmers. 相似文献
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Ilknur Solmaz Nebahat Sari Yildiz Aka-Kacar N. Yesim Yalcin-Mendi 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2010,57(5):763-771
Genetic diversity of the Turkish watermelon genetic resources was evaluated using different Citrullus species, wild relatives, foreign landraces, open pollinated (OP) and commercial hybrid cultivars by RAPD markers. The germplasm
was consisted of 303 accessions collected from various geographical regions. Twenty-two of 35 RAPD primers generated a total
of 241 reproducible bands, 146 (60.6%) of which were polymorphic. Based on the RAPD data the genetic similarity coefficients
were calculated and the dendrogram was constructed using UPGMA (Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average). Cluster
analysis of the 303 accessions employing RAPD data resulted in a multi-branched dendrogram indicating that most of the Turkish
accessions belonging to var. lanatus of Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum et Nakai were grouped together. Accessions of different Citrullus species and Praecitrullus fistulosus (Stocks) Pangalo formed distant clusters from C. lanatus var. lanatus. Among 303 accessions, a subset of 56 accessions was selected representing different groups and a second dendrogram was constructed.
The genetic similarity coefficients (GS) within the Turkish accessions were ranged from 0.76 to 1.00 with 0.94 average indicating
that they are closely related. Taken together, our results indicated that low genetic variability exist among the watermelon
genetic resources collected from Turkey contrary to their remarkable phenotypic diversity. 相似文献
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Zehra Guler Elif Candir Halit Yetisir Fatih Karaca Ilknur Solmaz 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):448-452
SummaryVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are responsible for flavour development in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). The objective of this study was to investigate the rootstock effects of 21 local bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.] accessions collected from the Mediterranean region (Turkey) on the concentrations of VOCs in watermelon over 2 years. The watermelon cultivar ‘Crimson Tide’ was used as the scion and two commercial bottle gourd rootstocks were also used for comparison. The VOCs in each rootstock-scion combination were analysed using static headspace (SHS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 24 VOCs were identified in watermelon fruit, including 11 aldehydes, seven alcohols, four ketones, one heterocyclic compound, and one acid. Acetaldehyde (25.9 – 39.5% of the total peak areas), propanal (5.0 – 8.3%), 2-propanone (2.5 – 4.9%), pentanal (2.1 – 3.6%), hexenal (14.5 – 22.6%), (E)-2-hexenal (0.4 – 2.3%), 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (10.0 – 19.05%), nonanal (1.6 – 4.4%), (Z)-6-nonenal (4.0 – 9.8%), (E)-2-nonenal (0.6 – 2.0%), (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal (2.1 – 3.7%), (Z)-6-nonenol (1.0 – 3.2%), and (E,Z)-3,6-nonadienol (1.0 – 3.7%) were the most abundant VOCs found in all watermelon scions. There was no significant effect (P ≥ 0.05) of rootstock on the concentrations of acetaldehyde, propanal, pentanal, heptanal, ethanol, 1-pentanol, 2-propanone, 2-pentyl furan, or acetic acid. Propanal, 2-propanone, and acetic acid were identified as VOCs in watermelon for the first time. Hexanal, (Z)-6-nonanal, and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one concentrations were strongly affected by rootstock. The results showed that the local bottle gourd accessions 07-06 and 31-09, in particular, were the most promising genotypes in terms of producing favourable VOCs. Except for the local bottle gourd accessions 33-35, 01-17, and 07-04, the other 18 gourds accessions had high potential as rootstocks for breeding programmes in watermelon with regard to desirable VOC concentrations. Rootstock 31-09 should be considered for commercial production in terms of improved disease resistance, fruit yield, and fruit quality. 相似文献
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Divito CB Davies S Masoudi S Muhoro CN 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(14):5377-5382
Formetanate hydrochloride is a bifunctional pesticide with remarkable solubility, high toxicity, and potential mobility in aqueous environments. The relative stability of the formamidine and carbamate groups in this compound can be used to predict the identity of its degradation products in water. The reported NMR and UV-vis spectroscopic studies revealed that the formamidine group is more labile than the carbamate group under strongly basic conditions, as well as under predetermined field conditions. The half-life of the formamidine group was determined to be 3.9 h under strongly basic conditions (pH 12.6) and 14.4 h under mildly basic conditions (pH 7.6). The longevity of the carbamate group may exceed 6 months due its resistance to base-promoted degradation. These results may be used in the design of more specific remediation technology for formetanate-contaminated surface water. 相似文献
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Gürtürk K Ekin IH Aksakal A Solmaz H 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2002,49(3):146-151
In this study, a dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Dot-ELISA) was evaluated in comparison with a complement fixation test (CFT) for the detection of Campylobacter antibodies in sheep sera. Acid glycine extracts (AGE) of both Campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus and Campylobacter jejuni strains that had been isolated from the gall-bladder of slaughtered sheep was used as antigen in both tests. A total of 153 sheep sera from aborted (74) and slaughtered (79) sheep were examined by both Dot-ELISA and CFT. Twenty-two sera showed anti-complementary activity were not suitable for CFT. Of the 22 sera showing anti-complementary activity, two sera were found to be positive in Dot-ELISA. Eighty-eight (67.2%) of the remaining 131 sera were negative by both Dot-ELISA and CFT using AGE of both Campylobacter strains whereas 43 sera (32.8%) gave different reaction patterns in Dot-ELISA and CFT with the extracts of both Campylobacter strains. Twelve sera were positive by both tests using AGE of C. fetus ssp. fetus but CFT failed to detect antibodies in nine of these sera when AGE of C. jejuni was used. Twelve sera were positive by both tests only when AGE of C. fetus ssp. fetus was used. Eleven sera were positive only by CFT. Seven of these reacted only with the AGE of C. fetus ssp. fetus and four sera were positive by using AGE of both Campylobacter strains. The remaining eight sera were found to be positive only by dot-immunobinding assay either with the AGE of both Campylobacter strains or with the AGE of one of the Campylobacter strains. It is concluded that Dot-ELISA using AGE from C. fetus ssp. fetus could be employed for the detection of Campylobacter antibodies in sheep sera and the additional use of AGE from C. jejuni as antigen appeared not to be profitable for this purpose. 相似文献
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Reyhani Haghighi Sajjad Hosseininaveh Vahid Maali-Amiri Reza Talebi Khalil Irani Solmaz 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2021,73(4):495-507
Gesunde Pflanzen - Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) is an economically important nut crop that is prone to drought stress since it is mainly produced in arid and semi-arid regions. Considering... 相似文献
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Ilhan Z Solmaz H Aksakal A Gülhan T Ekin IH Boynukara B 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2007,114(12):460-464
The aim of this study was to evaluate the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for detection of Brucella melitensis in stomach content samples of aborted sheep fetuses and to compare its performance with bacteriological culture method. It was also aimed to determine the agreement between PCR and Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT). Materials were collected from aborted sheep from 109 different sheep flocks in the region of Van during the lambing seasons of 2004-2005 and 2005-2006. Stomach contents from 135 aborted sheep fetuses were examined by bacteriological culture and PCR, and 135 sera from these aborting ewes were tested by RBPT. Identification and typing of Brucella strains were performed using standard classification test. B. melitensis biovar 3 was isolated from 26 (19.2%) of foetal stomach contents. B. melitensis was detected by PCR in 29 (21.4%) stomach content samples. Twenty five sera (18.5%) from aborting ewes tested positive by RBPT. The detection limit of B. melitensis 16 M strain by PCR was 1.7 x 10(3) cfu (colony forming units) /ml in spiked stomach contents. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the PCR were detected as 100% and 97.2%, respectively. The agreement between PCR and RBPT was found to be 97%. In conclusion, PCR assay would have an advantage over conventional bacteriological culture method, but in particular for its ability to meet the specificity requirements for the detection of B. melitensis in stomach content samples of aborted sheep fetuses. 相似文献
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Siyamak Safapour Mousa Sadeghi-Kiakhani Solmaz Eshaghloo-Galugahi 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(7):1428-1434
Fruits obtained from shrubs of the Crataegus elbursensis (C. elbursensis) plant demonstrate significant antioxidant and antibacterial properties. In this study, natural dye was sono-extracted from fresh and dried fruits and applied in dyeing and antibacterial finishing of wool. The maximum sono-extraction yield was obtained when optimal conditions of ethanol/ water (4/1 v/v) as extracting solvent, time 30 min, pH 4, temperature 50 oC, and C. elbursensis concentration 10 g/l were used. When wool yarns were dyed with the extracted natural dye, the maximum dye uptake was achieved using dye concentration 75 % owf, and dyeing condition of 100 oC, 60 min, pH 4, and LR 100:1. Different metal salts like aluminum sulfate, copper sulfate, and tin chloride were applied on wool by pre-mordanting method and their effects on dye uptake, color variation, and color fastness were examined. Results showed that the natural dye itself had relatively high uptake and good color fastness on un-mordanted wool. Further, each mordant had different effect on dye uptake, color variation, and color fastness properties depending on its coordination ability with dye molecules and wool chains. Moreover, dyed yarns showed good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria. 相似文献