Distribution of stable carbon isotope ratio in Sargassum plants     

Yuka Ishihi  Yoshihiro Yamada  Tetsuro Ajisaka  Hisashi Yokoyama 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(2):367-369

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A Cucumber mosaic virus Isolated from Silene armeria     

Kentaro OKUNO  Mitsuro KAMEYA-IWAKI  Minoru TAKESHITA  Naruto FURUYA  Yoichi TAKANAMI 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(1):108-109

A Cucumber mosaic virus was newly isolated from Silene armeria and was characterized by biological, serological and molecular biological methods. Received 4 July 2001/ Accepted in revised form 28 August 2001  相似文献   

Amino Acid Changes in Pepper mild mottle virus Coat Protein That Affect L 3 Gene-mediated Resistance in Pepper     

Hiroyuki HAMADA  Shigeharu TAKEUCHI  Akinori KIBA  Shinya TSUDA  Yasufumi HIKICHI  Tetsuro OKUNO 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(2):155-162

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Cyclosporine A inhibits the mRNA expressions of IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-gamma, but not TNF-alpha, in canine mononuclear cells     

Kobayashi T  Momoi Y  Iwasaki T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(9):887-892

The effects of the calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine A (CsA) and FK506 on the mRNA expressions of various cytokines were evaluated in dogs to determine whether the effects of CsA and FK506 in dogs were similar to those in humans. The mRNA expression levels of the cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were measured in PHA-stimulated canine PBMC using real-time RT-PCR after incubation with CsA or FK506 for 5 hr. Both reagents inhibited IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-gamma mRNA expressions in a dose-dependent manner. However, CsA hardly inhibited the mRNA expression of TNF-alpha. These findings are important for assessing the indications of CsA treatment in dogs.  相似文献   

Characterization of an endopolygalacturonase Gene cppg1 from Phytopathogenic Fungus Chondrostereum purpureum     

Mineo SENDA  Takanori NARITA  Shinji AKADA  Toshikatsu OKUNO  Kazuo MIYAIRI 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(1):41-44

Chondrostereum purpureum, a phytopathogenic fungus, produces endopolygalacturonase (endoPG) which has been suggested to have a causal role in the silver-leaf symptom of apple trees. In this paper, we detected C. purpureurn-derived endoPG at the infection sites using ELISA with a polyclonal antibody against endoPG I. A gene encoding endoPG I and its homolog were also isolated from the C. purpureum genome. The endoPG I gene was designated as cppg1. The cppg1 gene is the first fungal endoPG gene reported in the Basidiomycetes. Received 31 May 2000/ Accepted in revised form 13 September 2000  相似文献   

Susceptibility of Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) to Neospora caninum infection     

Uchida Y  Ike K  Kurotaki T  Takeshi M  Imai S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(3):401-403

Djungarian hamsters were examined for the susceptibility to Neospora caninum infection. After 29 Djungarian hamsters were intraperitoneally inoculated with 5 x 10(6) N. caninum tachyzoites of JPA1 strain, some animals showed symptoms such as ataxia, and many tissue cysts were detected in the brain and a cyst in the muscular tunics of stomach. Especially, more than 100 cysts per head were observed after 5 weeks post inoculation. It is suggested that the Djungarian hamster is a model useful to examine neosporosis.  相似文献   

Langerhans cells within the follicular epithelium and the intradermal sweat duct in equine insect hypersensitivity "Kasen"     

Kurotaki T  Narayama K  Arai Y  Arai S  Oyamada T  Yoshikawa H  Yoshikawa T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(6):539-541

Histopathologic and electron microscopic observations were given on Langerhans cells (LCs) within the follicular epithelium (FE) and intradermal sweat duct (ISD) of equine "Kasen". By light microscopy, LCs were present in the greatest numbers within the FE and ISD than within the epidermal layer and the normal skin, with an occasional formation of several aggregated foci. By electron microscopy, LCs within the FE and ISD widely extended their dendritic processes between the keratinocytes and contained Birbeck granules (Bgs), mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticula and ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Numerous Type 2 LCs, with a number of Bgs and endocytosis, and Type 3 LCs, with multivesicular bodies and endosomes of various sizes, were recognized within the FE and ISD, although inactive Type 1 LCs, with a narrow and lucid cytoplasm, were rarely seen. LCs observed within the FE and ISD in the "Kasen" skin lesions might express the particular stage corresponded to recognize, intake and process the antigens which permeate them.  相似文献   

Climate change’s impact on irrigation system and farmers’ response: a case study of the Plaichumpol Irrigation Project,Phitsanulok Province,Thailand     

Koontanakulvong  Sucharit  Chaowiwat  Winai  Miyazato  Tetsuro 《Paddy and Water Environment》2013,12(2):241-254

The Plaichumpol Irrigation Project, in Nan Basin of Thailand, is selected as a case study of impact study, where farmers depended on both surface and groundwater sources (especially in the dry year), to assess the impact on irrigation systems. The study used the MRI-GCM data to project the future climate condition and assess the impact on irrigation systems focusing on water shortage and groundwater pumping aspects in the selected consecutive dry years. The responses from farmers on the impact and adaptation were also gathered via site interviews and analyzed. Based on the bias-corrected MRI-GCM data, the annual rainfall in Nan Basin will decrease in the near future (2015–2039), compared with the past average data (1979–2006), while the rainfall will increase in the far future (2075–2099) compared with past. Water supply from dam will decrease in wet season and dry season, while water demand in both of near future and far future will increase in wet season and dry season. Less water shortage and groundwater pumping in both near-future and far-future periods are expected in the future consecutive dry years compared with the past, though the groundwater is still an important supplementary irrigation water source in the dry year. From the field interview, the farmers are ready to adapt to the changing situations and join in the water use meeting to follow up with irrigation officers about the adjustment of plant calendar and water allocation due to the climate change and to prepare adaptation measures as necessary.

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Structure of a novel diterpenoid ester,fritillahupehin from bulbs of Fritillaria hupehensis Hsiao and K.C. Hsia     

Ruan H  Zhang Y  Wu J  Deng S  Sun H  Fujita T 《Fitoterapia》2002,73(4):288-291

A new diterpenoid ester, fritillahupehin (1) together with three known fatty acids: palmitic acid (2), lignoceric acid (3) and azelaic acid (4) were isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria hupehensis Hsiao and K.C. Hsia. The structure of fritillahupehin has been established to be ent-kauran-16beta-yl lignocerate by means of spectroscopic and chemical evidence. Compounds 2-4 were isolated from Fritillaria sp. for the first time.  相似文献   

Effects of polyline simplification of dynamic GPS data under forest canopy on area and perimeter estimations     

Yasuyuki Tachiki  Tetsuhiko Yoshimura  Hisashi Hasegawa  Tomonori Mita  Tetsuro Sakai  Futoshi Nakamura 《Journal of Forest Research》2005,10(6):419-427

The objectives of this study were to determine Global Positioning System (GPS) positional errors while moving under the forest canopy and to clarify the effects of polyline simplification on area and perimeter estimations. We used the Pathfinder Pro XR and GPSMAP 76S, which are categorized as “high-end mapping” and “general navigation” GPS receivers, respectively. The field tests were conducted in both natural and plantation forests. The results showed that the Pathfinder Pro XR, which has better multipath rejection technology, worked well, especially in the plantation forest under unfavorable conditions of higher stand density. We used analysis of variance to clarify the effects of the receiver type, positioning mode, stand type, and polyline simplification method on area and perimeter estimations. The receiver type and positioning mode were found to be significant factors that affected area estimation. The Pathfinder Pro XR estimated the area more accurately than the GPSMAP 76S, and differential GPS estimated the area more accurately than autonomous GPS. With respect to the perimeter, the receiver type, positioning mode, and polyline simplification method were found to be significant factors. The results showed that perimeter estimation was improved by using the velocity filter, and further improved by using the velocity filter and Douglas-Peucker algorithm, especially when the Pathfinder Pro XR was used. The GPSMAP 76S estimated the perimeter accurately without any filtering because its default speed filter worked well, even though the GPSMAP 76S is a general navigation GPS receiver.  相似文献