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Journal of General Plant Pathology - Spruce dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium sichuanense) is an important vascular parasite of spruce. In this study of the virome of A. sichuanense parasitizing Picea...  相似文献   
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This study assessed information sources for urban mushroom farmers in Accra, Ghana. One hundred farmers were sampled, and a structured questionnaire was administered to solicit information from the respondents. Results showed that the majority of farmers were male (71%) and most (60%) with university education. The majority (44%) had 1–5 years of experience in mushroom cultivation. Co-farmers (89.8%), the Mushroom Growers Association (79.6%), training workshops (73.5%), and the Farmers' Forum (29.6%) readily served as information sources for farmers. The research revealed that, for 52% of farmers, ignorance of information sources was a major hindrance in their quest for information.  相似文献   
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Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums.  相似文献   
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Sterility mosaic disease (SMD), considered as the “green plague of pigeonpea” and caused by pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus (PPSMV) is one of the major biotic factors, which leads to heavy yield losses and hence poses a big challenge for pigeonpea production in the Indian subcontinent. Variability in the sterility mosaic pathogen revealed the occurrence of five different isolates in India. Among them, three distinct SMD isolates have been characterized, viz., Patancheru, Bangalore and Coimbatore. Molecular tools offer a viable option to tackle these biotic stresses via identification of the genomic regions associated with the trait such as SMD resistance. With an aim of identifying the gene(s)/QTLs linked with SMD resistance, two F2 populations, i.e. ICP 8863 × ICPL 20097 (segregating for Patancheru SMD isolate) and TTB 7 × ICP 7035 (segregating for both Patancheru and Bangalore SMD isolates) were developed and F2:3 families were phenotyped for resistance to respective isolate(s) of SMD. After screening over 3000 SSR markers on parental genotypes of each mapping population, intra-specific genetic maps comprising of 11 linkage groups and 120 and 78 SSR loci were developed for ICP 8863 × ICPL 20097 and TTB 7 × ICP 7035 populations, respectively. Composite interval mapping (CIM) based QTL analysis by using genetic mapping and phenotyping data provided four QTLs for Patancheru SMD isolate and two QTLs for Bangalore SMD isolate. Identification of different QTLs for resistance to Patancheru and Bangalore SMD isolates is an indication of involvement of different genes conferring the resistance to these two SMD isolates. One QTL namely qSMD4 identified within an interval of 2.8 cM on LG 7 explaining 24.72% of phenotypic variance, once it is validated in other genetic background, seems to be a promising QTL for use in marker assisted selection. In summary, this is the first study on development of intra-specific genetic maps and identification of QTLs for SMD resistance in pigeonpea.  相似文献   
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Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata is an important pest of sorghum during the seedling stage, which influences both fodder and grain yield. To understand the nature of inheritance of shoot fly resistance in sorghum, we performed generation mean analysis using two crosses IS 18551 × Swarna and M 35-1 × ICSV 700 during the 2013–2014 cropping seasons. The F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 progenies, along with the parental lines were evaluated for agronomic and morphological traits associated with resistance/susceptibility to sorghum shoot fly, A. soccata. The cross IS 18551 × Swarna exhibited significant differences between the parents for shoot fly deadhearts (%) in the postrainy season. The progenies of this cross exhibited lower shoot fly damage, suggesting that at least one of the parents should have genes for resistance to develop shoot fly-resistant hybrids. Leaf glossiness, leafsheath pigmentation and plant vigor score during the seedling stage exhibited non-allelic gene interactions with dominant gene action, whereas 100 seed weight showed both additive and dominant gene interactions. Presence of awns showed recessive nature of the awned gene. Generation mean analysis suggested that both additive and dominance gene effects were important for most of the traits evaluated in this study, but dominance had a more pronounced effect.  相似文献   
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