Nematocidal activities of thiabendazole and ivermectin against the larvae of Strongyloides ratti and S. venezuelensis     

Satou T  Koga M  Koike K  Tada I  Nikaido T 《Veterinary parasitology》2001,99(4):311-322

With the aim of developing therapeutic agents for strongyloidosis, the disease caused by infection with Strongyloides stercoralis, we established a novel assay technique using S. ratti and S. venezuelensis as models for S. stercoralis. The newly developed assay technique was found to more accurately represent treatment-induced larval paralysis than existing assays. Our method uses paper disks impregnated with the test solution, which even allows materials that are sparingly soluble in water to be tested. An inverted microscope was used to observe the larval states, and these states were recorded using a digital camera. We observed the activities of ivermectin and thiabendazole against larvae and calculated larval motility and velocity. These two factors were then combined to determine the overall viability of larvae at selected concentrations. The activities of the anthelmintics were compared by calculating the concentrations at which 50% viability was demonstrated, or in other words, the concentration at which paralysis was caused in 50% of the individuals (50% paralysis concentration; PC(50)). Evaluations after 24h of exposure yielded the following reproducible PC(50) values for ivermectin and thiabendazole, respectively: S. ratti, 2.4 and 140 microM; and S. venezuelensis, 2.3 and 190 microM. After treatment with ivermectin, there was a tendency for larval motility to be greater than that of the controls at low concentrations, a result that might be associated with its mechanism of action.  相似文献   

Dose dependency of prednisolone on the establishment of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in an alternative definitive host, Mongolian gerbil     

Matsuo K  Tada T  Nonaka N  Oku Y  Kamiya M 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2000,47(3-4):145-149

This study revealed the dose dependency of prednisolone tertiary-butylacetate (PTBA) treatment on the establishment of Echinococcus multilocularis in the small intestine of Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) and that some of the physiological parameters of host were correlated with the doses of PTBA and establishment of the worm. Twenty Mongolian gerbils were divided into 5 groups, according to the doses of PTBA; 0 mg, 0.5 mg, 2 mg, 5 mg and 10 mg per head. All animals were injected intraperitoneally with PTBA every other day from 6 days before to 6 days after infection. Doses of PTBA and the number of worms recovered at 7 days post-infection showed a positive correlation (r = 0.929, P < 0.0001). The increase of total protein (TP) and the decrease of the percentage of lymphocytes in the peripheral leukocytes were dependent on doses of PTBA (TP: r = 0.811, P < 0.0001, percentage of lymphocyte: r = -0.92, P < 0.0001). The TP and the percentage of lymphocyte also correlated with the number of worms recovered (TP: r = 0.617, P = 0.0049; percentage of lymphocyte: r = -0.800, P < 0.0001).  相似文献   

不同水分管理对水稻生长与氮素利用的影响   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13  

沈阿林  昆虫男 《植物营养与肥料学报》1997,3(2):111-116

应用土柱模拟法和15N示踪技术研究了长期淹水和严重渗漏条件下水稻的生长和氮肥的吸收与转化。结果表明，两种水分条件下，水稻根系生长量和地上部干物质积累量明显不同。水稻在淹水条件下因根系生长受阻，氮积累在拔节后明显变缓；而渗漏条件下水稻对氮的吸收在孕穗期仍保持较高水平。前者对肥料氮的利用率较后者显著地低，且土壤矿化氮在所吸收的氮中的贡献率也相对较高。这与水稻在两种水分管理条件下的生长状况和氮在两种情形下的转化特点密切相关。本试验条件下，水稻于拔节后对土壤矿化氮的吸收数量明显增加，似有脱肥现象，因此，应提倡追施孕穗肥。  相似文献   

Helminth infections of dogs in Shiga, Japan with reference to occult infection of Dirofilaria immitis.     

Y Tada  T Ohta  S Soohara  Y Suzuki 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(2):359-360

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Vitellogenin, a biomarker for environmental estrogenic pollution, of Reeves' pond turtles: analysis of similarity for its amino acid sequence and cognate mRNA expression after exposure to estrogen     

Tada N  Nakao A  Hoshi H  Saka M  Kamata Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(3):227-234

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Improvement of DNA extraction method for dried blood spots and comparison of four PCR methods for detection of Babesia gibsoni (Asian genotype) infection in canine blood samples     

Tani H  Tada Y  Sasai K  Baba E 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(5):461-467

To eradicate canine babesiosis in epidemic areas, mass-screening of the infection situation of Babesia gibsoni including occult infection is necessary. The development of cost-effective method for storage and transport of blood samples is required. A highly efficient DNA extraction procedure from dried blood spots (DBS) onto Whatman 3MM filter paper was developed for the diagnosis of B. gibsoni infection in dog by PCR. In 3 extraction methods, Chelex-based method in combination with saponin washing and phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol extraction (Saponin-PCI method) provided the best results. Sensitivity of the 4 previously described PCR methods for detection of B. gibsoni infection was also compared using serially diluted blood samples of B. gibsoni-infected dogs. The PCR method using Gib599F/Gib1270R primer pair provided the best performance. To evaluate the stability of DNA in DBS, DBS of B. gibsoni-infected dogs stored at room temperature for 2 months. The stability was superior to whole blood samples stored at -20 degrees C for 2 months. This highly efficient DNA extraction method on DBS using Whatman 3MM filter paper has potential to be cost-effective and high performance tool for storage, and molecular diagnosis of clinical blood sample from dog. This procedure in combination with the PCR method using Gib599F/Gib1270R primer pair may greatly assist in diagnosis of B. gibsoni infection in dog populations that are geographically distant.  相似文献   

Synthesis and Structure–Activity Relationships of Miticidal 4,5-Dihydropyrazole-5-thiones     

Isao Tada  Minoru Motoki  Nobuyoshi Takahashi  Tetsuji Miyata  Tomoko Takechi  Toshiro Uchida  Yasushi Takagi 《Pest management science》1996,48(2):165-173

A series of novel 4,5-dihydropyrazole-5-thiones (DHPs) was synthesised by treating the corresponding dihydropyrazolones with ‘Lawesson’s reagent and evaluated for miticidal activity against two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch). Of these, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazole-5-thione, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-ethyl-4-methyl-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazole-5-thione, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazole-5-thione-4-spirocyclopentane and 4,4-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-4,5-dihydropyrazole-5-thione were highly active (pEC₅₀>4·0) and were more effective than the miticide dicofol (pEC₅₀=3·879), which has traditionally been used for the control of phytophagous mites. Structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies were performed on each position of the pyrazole ring of DHPs. The results indicated that the unsubstituted phenyl, 4-substituted phenyl and thioxo groups on the 1-, 3- and 5-positions of DHPs respectively were required for activity. Quantitative SAR studies using physicochemical parameters of substituents and the capacity factor k′ as a hydrophobicity index suggested that: (a) the activities of all types of DHPs examined were mainly dominated by hydrophobicity, (b) the bulkiness of 4-substituents of the 3-phenyl ring favoured the activity and (c) the log k′ optimum for all DHPs was 1·675, equivalent to a log P_ow value of c. 5·0.  相似文献   

Temporal and spatial distribution of lumpy skin disease (LSD) outbreaks in Mashonaland West Province of Zimbabwe from 2000 to 2013     

C. Gomo  K. Kanonhuwa  F. Godobo  O. Tada  S. M. Makuza 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(3):509-514

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A 90-day Feeding Toxicity Study of l-Serine in Male and Female Fischer 344 Rats     

Tada Y  Yano N  Takahashi H  Yuzawa K  Ando H  Kubo Y  Nagasawa A  Chin K  Kawamata Y  Sakai R  Ohashi N  Ogata A  Nakae D 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2010,23(1):39-47

A subchronic feeding study of l-serine (l-Ser) was conducted with groups of 10 male and 10 female Fischer 344 rats fed a powder diet containing 0, 0.06, 0.5, 1.5 or 5.0% concentrations of l-Ser for 90 days. There were no toxicologically significant, treatment-related changes with regards to body weight, food intake, water intake or urinalysis data. In several of the hematology, serum biochemistry and organ weight parameters, significant changes were observed between some of the treated groups and the controls. All these changes, however, were subtle and lacked any corresponding pathological findings. In addition, the increased or decreased values remained within the range of the historical control values. In fact, histopathological assessment revealed only sporadic and/or spontaneous lesions. In conclusion, the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) for l-Ser was, therefore, determined to be at least a dietary dose of 5.0% (2765.0 mg/kg body weight/day for males and 2905.1 mg/kg body weight/day for females) under the present experimental conditions.  相似文献   

中国对拉美农产品出口的影响因素分析及前景展望     

张洁  刘合光  Chien Hsiaoping  Minoru Tada 《农业展望》2008,4(8):26-29

利用引力模型,应用1995-2004年的贸易数据,考察了中国对拉美主要国家农产品出口的影响因素。计算结果显示,中国农产品供给能力、进口国GDP以及距离因素是中国对拉美农产品出口的重要影响因素。进一步的分析表明。中国对拉美主要贸易伙伴的农产品出口属于“贸易活跃”状况。其中乌拉圭的农产品市场已经得到较深入的开拓。而委内瑞拉、阿根延和厄瓜多尔等3个国家的出口潜力还需要进一步挖掘。  相似文献