基于SSH中北大学科技查新系统的开发与实践     

王庆民  梁丽华 《农业图书情报学刊》2018,30(12):44-46

为确保科技项目查新的客观性、真实性、及时有效性,完成科技查新报告,中北大学图书馆自主开发了科技查新管理系统。该系统基于SSH框架进行设计,主要包括了科技查新工作所需的用户业务流程和后台管理流程,并通过严格的授权管理机制对系统加以保障。文章分析了系统的功能,给出了系统的体系结构及系统实现的关键技术。  相似文献   

黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式下土壤养分及生态化学计量特征     

夏光辉  郭青霞  卢庆民  杜轶  康庆 《水土保持通报》2020,40(2):140-147,153

[目的]探究黄土丘陵区土地利用方式变化前后土壤养分及生态化学计量比的变化特征,为该区农业生产以及生态恢复工作提供科学依据。[方法]选取山西省永和县岔口小流域因生态工程的实施而改变土地利用方式的坡改梯地(梯田)、退耕还林地(林地)、地埂核桃园地(园地)3种样地为研究对象,以现有坡耕地为对照,利用时空互代法,比较不同土地利用方式变化前后0—20 cm,20—40 cm土壤C,N,P,K含量以及生态化学计量比的差异。[结果]①流域各种生态恢复措施实施后,土壤C,N元素含量明显增加,梯田、林地、园地0—40 cm土壤有机C含量分别是坡耕地的1.38,2.44和1.09倍,全N含量分别是坡耕地的1.76,2.66,1.68倍。P,K元素增加量不明显,林地相比其他2种土地利用方式对C,N元素的固持更加明显;②通过分析土壤养分化学计量比的关系,发现流域土壤的限制性元素为C,N元素;③流域土壤养分及计量比之间存在着稳定的耦合关系,C-N之间的耦合关系最为显著且在各元素和生态化学计量比稳定方面发挥着重要作用。[结论]流域3种土地利用方式有效地改变了土壤全量养分含量和元素的生态化学计量比,有利于流域的生态保护和植被修复。  相似文献   

Effects of grazing and rainfall variability on root and shoot decomposition in a semi-arid grassland     

Marcus Giese  Ying Zhi Gao  Ying Zhao  Qingmin Pan  Shan Lin  Stephan Peth  Holger Brueck 《Applied soil ecology》2009,41(1):8-18

Overgrazing increasingly affects large areas of Inner Mongolian semi-arid grasslands. Consequences for ecosystem functions and, in particular, for the decomposition as a key process of ecosystem carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling are still unclear.We studied the effects of grazing on shoot and root decomposition with the litter bag method in a long-term grazing exclosure (UG79), a moderate winter grazed (WG) and a long-term heavily grazed site (HG). We separated the effects of local environmental factors and litter quality as altered by grazing. Growing seasons of average and very low precipitation allowed us to study the effect of inter annual rainfall variability on decomposition.Grazing-induced differences in environmental factors of the three studied grassland sites had no effect on decay rates of shoot and root dry mass. Also differences in litter quality among the grazing sites were not reflected by root decomposition dynamics. The accelerated shoot decay at site HG could not clearly be linked to litter quality parameters. Shoot decay rates were more or less constant, even under very dry conditions. This indicates the possibility of photodegradation (solar UV-B radiation) to control aboveground decomposition in this semi-arid ecosystem. By selecting the best predictors of root decomposition from regression analysis, we found that soil water content was the best parameter explaining the dynamics.Net N immobilization was generally not detected during the decay process of shoot and root. It is likely, when root decomposition is strongly reduced in dry periods, shoot decomposition becomes relatively more important for nutrient cycling. A separate analysis of shoot and root decay dynamics is required in order to describe C and N cycling in this semi-arid grassland. The grazing impact on C and N fluxes through decomposition of plant material likely exhibits a strong interaction with seasonal rainfall pattern.  相似文献   

核桃试管嫩茎生根的形态结构及激素调控研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王清民  彭伟秀  张俊佩  裴东 《园艺学报》2006,33(2):255-259

 以核桃品种‘新早丰’试管嫩茎为试材, 对其诱导生根过程中的形态结构及相关的生长素(IAA) 和脱落酸(ABA) 变化进行了研究。证实诱导生根过程中核桃嫩茎不定根原基发生于形成层, 特别是髓射线正对的形成层部分; 根原基起始分化期为诱导第6 天左右, 伸长期是第10天; 如果12 d之后仍放在诱导培养基中, 生根率下降, 并且出现茎基愈伤化、茎尖变黑和叶片脱落等现象; 若生根诱导10 d后转入无植物生长调节剂培养基, 培养5 d左右可见根尖突出表皮, 根系发育正常; 同时与不定根形态发生相应的内源IAA和ABA的变化是根原基的发生期和伸长期, 内源IAA出现高峰, 内源ABA呈上升趋势,IAA /ABA值在根原基的发生前为最大, 随后降低。本研究不仅从形态结构证实了二步生根法的合理性, 而且从生理学角度阐述了不定根发生的IAA /ABA调控机制。  相似文献   

禽流感病毒核蛋白基因探针制备及其初步应用   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

吴清民  高齐瑜张.中直　陈福勇 《中国兽医杂志》1999

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Insecticidal benzoylphenylurea-S-carbamate: a new propesticide with two effects of both benzoylphenylureas and carbamates     

Chen L  Huang Z  Wang Q  Shang J  Huang R  Bi F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(7):2659-2663

New propesticides with two effects of both benzoylphenylureas and carbamates were designed and synthesized by the key intermediate N-chlorosulfenyl-N-methylcarbamate, which was prepared for the first time. These benzoylphenylurea-S-carbamates were identified by 1H NMR spectroscopy and elemental analyses. The bioactivities of the new compounds were evaluated. These benzoylphenylurea-S-carbamates exhibited excellent larvicidal activities against Oriental armyworm, some of which were good as compared to the parent benzoylphenylureas. Toxicity assays indicated that these benzoylphenylurea-S-carbamates had knockdown activities of carbamates at higher concentrations and insect growth regulator activities of benzoylphenylureas at lower concentrations. We found that the title compounds exhibited good systemic larvicidal activities against Oriental armyworm, which were especially advantageous when combating sucking pests. Some of these title compounds can kill aphids and mosquitoes as well.  相似文献   

Dynamics and drivers of aboveground biomass accumulation during recovery from selective harvesting in an uneven-aged forest     

Geng  Yan  Yue  Qingmin  Zhang  Chunyu  Zhao  Xiuhai  von Gadow  Klaus 《European Journal of Forest Research》2021,140(5):1163-1178

European Journal of Forest Research - Selective harvesting is a common silvicultural practice to ensure sustainable use of uneven-aged forests, but our understanding of how multiple forest...  相似文献   

ROUTE DEVELOPMENT,ANTIVIRAL STUDIES,FIELD EVALUATION AND TOXICITY OF AN ANTIVIRAL PLANT PROTECTANT NK0238     

Wentao XU  Hao TIAN  Hongjian SONG  Yuxiu LIU  Yongqiang LI  Qingmin WANG 《农业科学与工程前沿(英文版)》2022,9(1):110

• Developed a two-step synthetic route to anti-plant-virus candidate NK0238. • NK0238 exhibited a broad antivirus spectrum in greenhouse. • NK0238 showed comparable antivirus activities as controls in field trials. • NK0238 was safe to birds, fish, bees and silkworms. • NK0238 has a very good prospect in commercial development. It has previously been shown that tryptophan, the biosynthesis precursor of Peganum harmala alkaloids, and its derivatives have anti-TMV activity both in vitro and in vivo. Further exploration of this led to the identification of NK0238 as a highly effective agent for the prevention and control of diseases caused by plant viruses, but the existing routes are unsuitable for its large-scale synthesis. This study optimized a route for two-step synthesis of this virucide candidate via reaction of l-tryptophan with triphosgene to produce l-tryptophan-N-carboxylic anhydride, which then reacts with n-octylamine to give NK0238 at up to 94% yield and nearly 97% HPLC purity. In addition, the route was used for the preparation of NK0238 on a>40 g scale permitting further assessment of its antivirus activity in the greenhouse and field experiments, and toxicity tests. NK0238 exhibited useful antiviral activities against a variety of viruses both in greenhouse and field experiments. The toxicity tests showed that NK0238 was not acutely toxic to birds, fish, honey bees and silkworms. The optimized route provides a solid foundation for its large-scale synthesis and subsequent efficacy and toxicity studies, its excellent activity and safety make NK0238 a promising drug candidate for further development.  相似文献   

Thinning alters crown dynamics and biomass increment within aboveground tissues in young stands of Chamaecyparis obtusa   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Qingmin Han  Daisuke Kabeya  Satoshi Saito  Masatake G. Araki  Tatsuro Kawasaki  Chiharu Migita  Yukihiro Chiba 《Journal of Forest Research》2014,19(1):184-193

The stand density of a forest affects the vertical distribution of foliage. Understanding the dynamics of this response is important for the study of crown structure and function, carbon-budget estimation, and forest management. We investigated the effect of tree density on the vertical distribution of foliage, branch, and stem growth, and ratio of biomass increment in aboveground tissues; by monitoring all first-order branches of five trees each from thinned and unthinned control stands of 10-year-old Chamaecyparis obtusa for four consecutive years. In the control stand, the foliage crown shifted upward with height growth but the foliage quantity of the whole crown did not increase. In addition, the vertical distribution of leaf mass shifted from lower-crown skewed to upper-crown skewed. In the thinned stand in contrast, the foliage quantity of individual crowns increased two-fold within 4 years, while the vertical distribution of leaf mass remained lower-crown skewed. The two stands had similar production rates, numbers of first-order branches per unit of tree height, and total lengths of first-order branches. However, the mortality rate of first-order branches and self-pruning within a first-order branch were significantly higher in the control stand than in the thinned stand, which resulted in a higher ratio of biomass increment in branch. Thinning induced a higher ratio of biomass increment in foliage and lower in branch. The increased foliage quantity and variation in ratio of biomass increment after thinning stimulated stem growth of residual trees. These results provide information that will be useful when considering thinning regimes and stand management.  相似文献   

外源乙烯处理对黄冠梨果皮褐变和货架期品质的影响     

秦畅  李丹  赵韩栋  陈庆敏  傅茂润 《农业工程学报》2022,38(6):312-318

为了避免黄冠梨果实在低温贮藏（0 ℃左右）条件下果皮褐变的发生,该研究采用5、20和100 μL/L外源乙烯对黄冠梨进行贮前处理,以0 ℃贮藏下无外源乙烯处理作为对照组,以采后恒温至30 ℃、逐步降温至0 ℃处理作为程序降温组。通过外源乙烯处理组与对照及程序降温组的对比,探讨采后外源乙烯处理对黄冠梨果皮褐变与果实品质的影响。结果表明,不同浓度的外源乙烯处理均能完全抑制褐变的发生,且表皮无伤害,而程序降温组的发病指数为10%,对照组则高达37.6%。货架期结束时（6 d）外源乙烯处理组的果实硬度与对照组差异显著（P < 0.05）。外源乙烯各处理组果实含水率均高于对照及程序降温组（P < 0.05）,利用低场核磁共振技术检测发现对照组自由水含量最高,5和100 μL/L外源乙烯处理组自由水含量较低。与对照组和程序降温组比较,外源乙烯处理对黄冠梨果实中可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、可溶性糖和抗坏血酸等果实品质指标都能起到提高或者维持的效果,其中5 μL/L处理浓度的效果较优。研究结果表明,贮前外源乙烯处理是一种既能抑制黄冠梨果皮褐变又能保持果实货架期品质的高效、简便的技术。  相似文献