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Caboni P Ntalli NG Aissani N Cavoski I Angioni A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(4):1146-1151
Methanol extracts of various plant parts of Ailanthus altissima were tested against the root knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica . Extracts of bark (ABE), wood (AWE), roots (ARE), and leaves (ALE) from A. altissima were investigated against freshly hatched second-stage juveniles (J(2)). AWE was the most active extract, with EC(50/3d) of 58.9 mg/L, while ALE, ARE, and ABE did not show nematicidal activity. The chemical composition of the extracts of A. altissima was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, (E)-2-undecenal, (E)-2-decenal, hexanal, nonanal, and furfural were the most prominent constituents. (E,E)-2,4-Decadienal, (E)-2-decenal, and furfural showed the highest nematicidal activity against M. javanica , with EC(50/1d) = 11.7, 20.43, and 21.79 mg/L, respectively, while the other compounds were inactive at the concentrations tested. The results obtained showed that AWE and its constituents (E,E)-2,4-decadienal and (E)-2-decenal could be considered as potent botanical nematicidal agents. 相似文献
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Rawan K. MLIH Martina I. GOCKE Roland BOL Anne E. BERNS Irabella FUHRMANN Nadhem BRAHIM 《土壤圈》2019,29(4):444-456
In Tunisia, the coastal Chenini oasis is characterized by a lush vegetation cover, whereas more inland continental oases (e.g., the Guettaya oasis) have a very scarce vegetation cover. For sustaining date palm production in these areas, organic fertilizers are applied, either spread on the soil surface (in Chenini) or buried under a sand layer (in Guettaya). We examined at a molecular level how these management techniques affect soil organic matter composition in oasis systems. A dominance of fresh plant input for Guettaya was indicated by solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy signals, which was most pronounced in the uppermost soil close to palms. Evidence for more degraded organic matter was found in deeper soil near the palms, as well as in the soil distant from the palms. Amino sugar contents were low in the uppermost Guettaya soil near the palms. The overall microbial amino sugar residue contents were similar in range as those found in other dryland environments. With increasing distance from trees, the amino sugar contents declined in Guettaya, where the palms grow on bare soil, but this was not the case for Chenini, which has multi-layer vegetation cover under palms. In agreement with the results from previous dryland studies, the soil microbial community in both oasis systems was dominated by fungi in topsoil, and a shift toward bacteria-derived residues in subsurface soil. This might be due to higher variability of temperature and moisture in topsoil and/or lower degradability of fungal remains; however, further research is required to confirm this hypothesis. 相似文献
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Slaheddine Khlifi Mehrez Ameur Nadhem Mtimet Nejla Ghazouani Naoufel Belhadj 《Agricultural Water Management》2010,97(1):50-56
We examine the shifting farming system around the small hill dams in northwestern Tunisia. A socio-economic questionnaire was given to a sample of farmers using water from eight representative small hill dams. Cluster analysis was used to establish farmer groups before and after creation of the reservoirs. Before the creation of hill dams, farmers were grouped into two clusters. Afterwards, three new farming systems emerged. The main differences between these groups are farm area, cropping system, irrigation practice, livestock type and number, and income. Following construction of the small hill dams farmers increased the extent of fruit tree cultivation, introduced irrigation practices, and augmented livestock herd size and production. Farmer income increased with the availability of water in the hill dam reservoirs. 相似文献
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Cherif Asma Aissani Rania Aroua Oumayma Bouhadida-Mhadhbi Manel Grissa-Lebdi Kaouthar 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2020,127(6):905-909
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Gortyna xanthenes (Germar) and Depressaria erinaceella (Staudinger) are key pests of artichoke in Tunisia causing major losses. To this end, a 2-year... 相似文献
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Cherif Asma Aissani Rania Aroua Oumayma Bouhadida-Mhadhbi Manel Grissa-Lebdi Kaouthar 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2020,127(6):911-911
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - The names of the varieties cultivated in the two study regions were given wrongly in the Materials and Methods section. The correct names are as follows. 相似文献
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