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1.
Reddy KK Ravinder T Prasad RB Kanjilal S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(2):564-569
Synthesis of 10 capsiate analogues was conducted by lipase-mediated (Novozyme 435) esterification of vanillyl alcohol with different fatty acids. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized capsiates was evaluated using three in vitro assays: DPPH radical scavenging assay (polar medium), Rancimat assay (nonpolar medium), and autoxidation of linoleic acid (micellar medium). The objective of this study is to find the influence of structural characteristics of the alkyl chain of capsiate analogues on their antioxidant activity. In these assays, BHT and α-tocopherol were used as reference compounds. Both DPPH and Rancimat assays did not show any specific trend of antioxidant activity with the increase in lipophilicity and also with the type of fatty acids grafted to the phenolic moiety. In the Tween 20 micellar system for the inhibition of autoxidation of linoleic acid, vanillyl ester attached to a C18 alkyl chain (vanillyl stearate, oleate, and ricinoleate) exhibited maximum inhibition of autoxidation of linoleic acid. 相似文献
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Nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from flooded rice paddy fields was continuously measured by the closed chamber method at an experimental plot
in Thailand for a whole cultivation period. To characterize the N2O emission with regard to the denitrification N loss, the C2H2 inhibition method was applied. Flood water on the soil greatly suppressed the N2O emission. The N2O emission was mitigated considerably by even a thin film of the flood water. The overall average N2O emissions under flood conditions for one crop season (83 days) at the control site and the C2H2 treated site were 10.3 and 11.8 μg N m−2 h−1, respectively. The N2O emission from the C2H2 treated site was consistently higher than that from the control site and the N2O emission from both sites followed the same diurnal and seasonal variation pattern, indicating the effect of denitrification
inhibition by the supplied C2H2. The N2O emission enhanced along with temperature increase when NO3–N concentration in the soil water was above 0.4 mg N l−1 and soil temperature was above 24°C, suggesting specific temperature influence over the emission. The increase in NO3–N concentration and temperature in the soil affected only the N2O emission while the difference in the emission at the C2H2 treated site and the control site was not so much affected. It was suggested that most of the actively produced N2O under higher NO3–N concentration and temperature would likely to quickly emit to the atmosphere rather than to undergo further reduction to
N2. 相似文献
3.
Banerji N Li X Klausner JS Kapur V Kanjilal S 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(5):728-732
OBJECTIVE: To determine the in vitro sensitivity of 4 vaccine-associated feline sarcoma (VAFS) cell lines to the chemotherapeutic agents vincristine and paclitaxel. SAMPLE POPULATION: Cell lines derived from 4 VAFS specimens. PROCEDURES: Cell lines were cultured in vitro and individually exposed to various concentrations of vincristine and paclitaxel. Survival was estimated after 24 and 72 hours of exposure to each drug, and the drug concentrations that resulted in 50 and 90% reduction in number of viable cells (IC50 and IC90, respectively) were calculated. RESULTS: Both vincristine and paclitaxel had significant dose-dependent effects on the viability of the VAFS cell lines. After 72 hours of drug exposure, the IC50 and IC90 of vincristine for the 4 cell lines were between 0.005 to 0.039 microg/ml and 0.045 to 1.027 microg/ml, respectively. The IC50 and IC90 values for paclitaxel were between 0.037 to 0.092 microg/ml and 2.450 to 15.413 microg/ml, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Results of pharmacokinetic studies on vincristine and paclitaxel in other species suggest that concentrations greater than the IC50 values may be possible for both drugs in feline patients as well. The drug concentrations at which viable cell numbers were reduced by 90% may also be attained in vivo for some cases, but detailed information is needed regarding the distribution, concentration, duration of availability, and toxicity of various drugs in cats. Carefully chosen combinations of antineoplastic agents need to be screened to identify treatment protocols that may be further evaluated clinically for the treatment of VAFS. 相似文献
4.
Shanker KS Shireesha K Kanjilal S Kumar SV Srinivas C Rao JV Prasad RB 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(9):3305-3309
The neutral lipid of desilked eri silkworm pupae (Samia cynthia ricini) grown on two different host plants, castor (Ricinus communis Linn.) and tapioca (Manihot utilizsima Phol.) leaves, was extracted with hexane. The oil content in pupae was estimated to be in the range of 18-20% (dry basis). The pupal oil was found to be enriched with alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) with palmitic acid as the second major fatty acid. The level of ALA in the oil of silkworm pupae was found to be significantly higher (P < 0.001) when grown on tapioca (58.3%) as compared to those grown on castor (42.9%). Other chemical parameters such as percent free fatty acid, peroxide value, phosphorus content, percent unsaponifiable matter, and composition of sterols were also determined in both of the oils and compared. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of triacylglycerol molecular species showed that the pupal oil is rich in molecular species with equivalent carbon numbers (ECN) C36, C40, C42, C44, and C48. There was a significantly higher level (P < 0.001) of trilinolenin (C36) in the oil of tapioca-based silkworm as compared to castor-based silkworm pupae. Regiospecific analysis of the oil showed a higher level of ALA at the sn-2 position of silkworm pupae grown on tapioca (60.2%) as compared to those grown on castor (47.3%) oil. Thus, the presence of a large amount of ALA and their predominance at the sn-2 position make the eri pupal oil highly nutritious, provided that the oxidative stability is ensured. 相似文献
5.
OBJECTIVE: To determine somatic alterations in p53 in vaccine-associated feline sarcoma (VAFS). Animals-27 domestic shorthair cats undergoing first surgical treatment for primary VAFS with no history of chemotherapy or gamma radiation. PROCEDURES: Sequence analysis was performed on the genomic sequence of p53 (between exons 5 through 9) from tumor and blood samples obtained from the cats. Cats were monitored for 3 years and disease-free intervals and survival times calculated. RESULTS: Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected within the genomic sequence of p53, with 20 of 27 cats (74%) having heterozygosity at > or = 1 polymorphic site. Somatic loss of heterozygosity at p53 was detected in the primary tumors of 12 of these 20 (60%) cats. Such allelic deletion was significantly associated with rapid tumor recurrence and reduced overall survival. Point mutations were rare, occurring in 3 of 27 primary tumors. The finding of malignant cells in the surgical margins was significantly associated with disease recurrence, but clear margins (with no detectable malignant cells) were not predictive of positive outcome. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: p53 status is an indicator of postsurgical recurrence and overall survival in cats with VAFS. Careful follow-up is important in treating vaccine-site tumors containing allelic deletion of p53, whereas aggressive surgical treatment may be sufficient to control primary vaccination site tumors without the allelic loss. 相似文献
6.
Neupane Jasmine Guo Wenxuan Cao Guofeng Zhang Fangyuan Slaughter Lindsey Deb Sanjit 《Precision Agriculture》2022,23(3):1008-1026
Precision Agriculture - Understanding the spatial patterns of soil microbial communities and influencing factors is a prerequisite for soil health assessments and site-specific management to... 相似文献
7.
Williams LE Banerji N Klausner JS Kapur V Kanjilal S 《American journal of veterinary research》2001,62(9):1354-1357
OBJECTIVE: To establish 2 vaccine-associated feline sarcoma (VAFS) cell lines and to determine their in vitro sensitivity to the chemotherapeutic agents doxorubicin and mitoxantrone. SAMPLE POPULATION: Tumor specimens collected from 2 cats undergoing surgery for removal of vaccine-associated sarcomas. PROCEDURES: Tumor specimens were minced and treated with trypsin under aseptic conditions to obtain single-cell suspensions, which were then cultured in vitro in medium supplemented with 5% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum. Growth rates and sensitivity after 24 hours of exposure to various concentrations (0.1 to 100 microg/ml) of doxorubicin and mitoxantrone were assessed for each cell line. Survival of cells was estimated 3 days after exposure to the 2 agents, and the concentration of each drug that resulted in a 50% reduction in the number of viable cells (IC50) was calculated. RESULTS: Two tumor-derived cell lines (FSA and FSB) were successfully established and determined to be sensitive to doxorubicin and mitoxantrone. Under the conditions tested, the IC50 of doxorubicin were 0.6 and 1.5 microg/ml for cell lines FSB and FSA, respectively. The IC50 of mitoxantrone was 0.4 microg/ml for both cell lines. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The establishment of VAFS cell lines provides a tool for the in vitro screening of antitumor drugs. Doxorubicin and mitoxantrone were effective in decreasing the number of viable cells in the 2 cell lines tested. Both of these anthracycline antibiotics have been used to treat various neoplasias in cats, and their efficacy for adjuvant treatment of vaccine-associated sarcomas should be further evaluated. 相似文献
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Garai Suman Garai Sanchita Maiti Sanjit Meena B. S. Ghosh M. K. Bhakat Champak Dutta T. K. 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(3):641-648
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Livestock is a one of the major sources of livelihood for most of the small and marginal farmers in India, particularly for rural households who live in... 相似文献