排序方式： 共有6条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1
1.
Lap Doc Tran Steven SchilizziMorteza Chalak Ross Kingwell 《Agricultural Water Management》2011,101(1):42-51
Choosing the appropriate reservoir water management strategy can be difficult when the water has multiple uses. This study examines this problem for reservoir managers where water use involves irrigation and fisheries. A stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) model is developed to facilitate reservoir management, using a case study illustration for southern Vietnam. The model includes the response of rice and fish yields to key factors including reservoir water levels, the timing and quantity of water release, and climatic conditions. The model also accounts for variation in rainfall patterns, irrigation requirements, and the demand for low water levels during the fish harvest season. Three production scenarios are examined where the reservoir's water is used for: only producing rice (scenario 1), only producing fish (scenario 2), and producing rice and fish (scenario 3). Key findings are: (1) for scenario 1, adequate water should be released to meet rice growing water requirements and residual water should be stored as a source of water in case of low rainfall, (2) for scenario 2, sufficient water needs to be released prior to the fish harvest to maximize this harvest; and (3) for scenario 3, water should be released prior to fish harvest, but sufficient water should remain to satisfy the water requirements of rice. When the reservoir is managed for joint production of rice and fish, net benefits are 6% greater than when the reservoir is managed solely for rice production. The SDP model developed in this paper could be adapted and applied to other multiple-use resources such as forests, river basins, and land. 相似文献
2.
Crane M Norton A Leaman J Chalak A Bailey A Yoxon M Smith J Fenlon J 《Pest management science》2006,62(1):5-19
EU Directive 91/414/EEC requires there to be no unacceptable effects on the environment from the use of pesticides. This paper reports the views of direct stakeholder groups and results from an opinion survey of more than 2000 members of the general public on what in practice should constitute acceptable and unacceptable effects of pesticides. Stakeholders in focus groups were concerned with the potential effects of pesticides on animal and plant population viability and micro-organism function but recognized that a trade-off exists between the potential economic advantages of responsible pesticide use and the potential disadvantages of individual poisoning events. The public opinion survey showed that although pesticides are widely used in homes and gardens, their use on farm crops remains of concern to the public. Concerns are greatest on issues of human health and food quality but potential environmental effects are also an issue for a substantial number of people, particularly if attractive species could be affected. 相似文献
3.
Lamis?ChalakEmail author Ahmad?Elbitar Reine?Rizk Elia?Choueiri Pascal?Salar Joseph?M.?Bové 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2005,112(1):85-89
Elimination of Candidatus phytoplasma phoenicium from two infected Lebanese varieties of almond by using different tissue culture techniques is reported. Except for the oxytetracycline therapy which totally inhibited the development of explants, stem cutting cultures associated with thermotherapy, shoot tip cultures associated or not with thermotherapy, and shoot tip micrografting were all suitable, either for shoot regeneration or for elimination of phytoplasma from the two varieties. However, stem cutting culture coupled with thermotherapy seemed to be the most effective for regeneration of phytoplasma-free plantlets. 相似文献
4.
P Neve J N Barney Y Buckley R D Cousens S Graham N R Jordan A Lawton‐Rauh M Liebman M B Mesgaran M Schut J Shaw J Storkey B Baraibar R S Baucom M Chalak D Z Childs S Christensen H Eizenberg C Fernández‐Quintanilla K French M Harsch S Heijting L Harrison D Loddo M Macel N Maczey A Merotto Jr D Mortensen J Necajeva D A Peltzer J Recasens M Renton M Riemens M Sønderskov M Williams 《Weed Research》2018,58(4):250-258
Weedy plants pose a major threat to food security, biodiversity, ecosystem services and consequently to human health and wellbeing. However, many currently used weed management approaches are increasingly unsustainable. To address this knowledge and practice gap, in June 2014, 35 weed and invasion ecologists, weed scientists, evolutionary biologists and social scientists convened a workshop to explore current and future perspectives and approaches in weed ecology and management. A horizon scanning exercise ranked a list of 124 pre‐submitted questions to identify a priority list of 30 questions. These questions are discussed under seven themed headings that represent areas for renewed and emerging focus for the disciplines of weed research and practice. The themed areas considered the need for transdisciplinarity, increased adoption of integrated weed management and agroecological approaches, better understanding of weed evolution, climate change, weed invasiveness and finally, disciplinary challenges for weed science. Almost all the challenges identified rested on the need for continued efforts to diversify and integrate agroecological, socio‐economic and technological approaches in weed management. These challenges are not newly conceived, though their continued prominence as research priorities highlights an ongoing intransigence that must be addressed through a more system‐oriented and transdisciplinary research agenda that seeks an embedded integration of public and private research approaches. This horizon scanning exercise thus set out the building blocks needed for future weed management research and practice; however, the challenge ahead is to identify effective ways in which sufficient research and implementation efforts can be directed towards these needs. 相似文献
5.
6.
Nathan Mullendore Amber Saylor Mase Kate Mulvaney Rebecca Perry-Hill Adam Reimer Lamis Behbehani 《Human Dimensions of Wildlife》2014,19(2):166-178
Through a mail survey of 541 residents and riparian landowners in the area surrounding the Blue River watershed of southern Indiana, we examined perceptions and intended behaviors toward the eastern hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis), an aquatic salamander experiencing drastic population declines due to anthropogenic causes. While anecdotal reports attribute hellbender mortality and removal to anglers and pet collectors, only 5% of respondents reported these negative behaviors. Misconceptions among anglers and the general public about the eastern hellbender were less prevalent than anticipated. Anglers, recreational boaters, riparian landowners, and respondents who were previously familiar with the hellbender displayed more positive attitudes toward the animal than other groupings of individuals. Data collected in this article shaped a detailed education and outreach campaign based on the principles of community-based social marketing. 相似文献
1