Identification of a resistant protein from scallop shell extract and its bile acid-binding activity     

Manabu Fukuda  Kohji Takahashi  Chiharu Ohkawa  Yuya Sasaki  Yasushi Hasegawa 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(6):1017-1025

In this study, we showed that feeding rats the organic extract of scallop shells (scallop shell extract) caused a decrease in the weights of white adipose tissues in rats fed a high-fat diet. In addition, the cholesterol concentration in the serum of rats that received a diet containing scallop shell extract was significantly lower than that in the serum of rats on the control diet. Feeding this scallop shell extract to rats increased the fecal weight as well as the fecal excretion of bile acids. The amino acid composition of the feces from rats fed the scallop shell extract was different from that of feces from rats fed the control diet, and treatment of the extract with pepsin and pancreatin identified a protein with a molecular weight of 90 kDa (90-kDa protein) as one of the indigestible proteins. Interestingly the 90-kDa protein was found to be identical to a free radical-scavenging protein we previously identified and showed the ability to bind bile acids. These results suggest that indigestible proteins (resistant proteins) in the scallop shell extract, including the 90-kDa protein, inhibit the absorption of bile acid by binding to it and cause increased excretion of fecal bile acid, which subsequently may decrease the serum cholesterol level.  相似文献   

Cutting-grafts as a means to propagate greenhouse roses     

Kiyoshi Ohkawa 《Scientia Horticulturae》1980,13(2):191-199

A propagation method for rose nursery plants was studied by using a 2-node scion tongue-grafted on to an unrooted stock cutting. Uniform and disease-free nursery plants could be produced efficiently in a short period all the year round.Under greenhouse production trials, such cutting-grafts of ‘Sonia’ on R. multiflora ‘K-1’, R. indica ‘Major’, R. ‘Manetti’ and R. wichuraiana produced flowers of the same number and quality as when budded on to R. multiflora seedling root stock.  相似文献   

Differential alloreactivity at SLA-DR and -DQ matching in two-way mixed lymphocyte culture     

Hosokawa-Kanai T  Tanioka Y  Tanigawa M  Matsumoto Y  Ueda S  Onodera T  Matsumoto Y 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2002,85(1-2):77-84

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Bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) recombinant expressing pseudorabies virus (PrV) glycoproteins B and C induces type 1 immune response in BALB/c mice     

Takashima Y  Nagane N  Hushur O  Matsumoto Y  Otsuka H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(7):589-596

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) attached poorly and penetrated into a mouse cell line, BALB 3T3/A31, but a recombinant BHV-1/TF7-6, which expresses pseudorabies virus (PrV) gB and gC genes, did attach and penetrated into cells more efficiently. In this study the gene green fluorescent protein (GFP) has been integrated into genome of BHV-1/TF7-6 and its parental line of BHV-1. When the mouse mesenteries were incubated in vitro and infected with BHV-1/TF7-6/GFP, strong fluorescence was observed while BHV-1/GFP infection hardly demonstrated fluorescence, suggesting that BHV-1 recombinant expressing PrV gB and gC can infect mouse tissue cells more efficiently than the parental BHV-1 does. When BALB/c mice were inoculated with purified BHV-1/TF7-6 or its parental BHV-1, the former induced lower level of anti-BHV-1 immunoglobulin G (IgG) than the latter did. When sub-classes of anti-BHV-1 IgG were analyzed, it was found that mice immunized with BHV-1/TF7-6 or the parental BHV-1 demonstrated the same level of IgG2a. Since anti-BHV-1 IgG1 level was lower in mice inoculated with BHV-1/TF7-6, the IgG2a:IgG1 ratio was higher in BHV-1/TF7-6 inoculated mice than in the parental BHV-1 inoculated ones. These results indicate that BHV-1/TF7-6 induces type 1 predominant immune to BALB/c mice.  相似文献   

Effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on fetal islet B cells in vitro   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Yasuda M  Yamamoto M  Arishima K  Eguchi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(2):101-105

ABSTRACT. It has been reported that when the rat fetus is treated with streptozotocin (STZ) in vivo, islet B cells are destroyed but later recover. To investigate the process of the recovery of B cells after in vitro treatment of the fetal pancreas with STZ and the role of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the recovery of B cells, we measured the level of insulin released from the cultured fetal pancreas and examined it histologically. As a result, we immunohistologically confirmed the regeneration of B cells in the pancreas that had been cultured for 48 hr after destruction of islet B cells by STZ treatment. An immunohistologic study using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) showed that without the addition of EGF, the cell division index was significantly higher in the STZ-treated group (STZ group) than in the untreated group (intact group), whereas with the addition of EGF, the cell division index increased in both groups, but EGF did not have a significant cell division-promoting effect on the pancreas in the STZ group. The addition of EGF caused a significant decrease in the concentration of insulin in culture medium in both groups. These results indicate that EGF has a cell growth-promoting effect on intact fetal pancreas in vitro but has the effect of inhibiting the release of insulin, and thus suggest that EGF does not trigger the regeneration of islet B cells.  相似文献   

A broad spectrum,one-step RT-PCR to detect <Emphasis Type="Italic">Satsuma dwarf virus</Emphasis> variants using universal primers targeting both segmented RNAs 1 and 2     

Shin-ichi Shimizu  Takao Ito  Takanori Miyoshi  Yasunobu Tachibana  Tsutae Ito 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2011,77(6):326-330

Universal primers to detect Satsuma dwarf virus (SDV), including distantly related strains Citrus mosaic virus (CiMV), Navel orange infectious mottling virus (NIMV), and Hyuganatsu virus (HV), were tested in a convenient one-step RT-PCR assay. SDV was the most broadly detected using uSDVup/uSDVdo primers that specifically targeted a nucleotide sequence in the 3′-noncoding region that is conserved in both segmented RNAs 1 and 2 of SDV among the tested primers. Nucleotide sequence analysis confirmed that the amplified RT-PCR products could be derived from RNAs 1 or 2 of SDV variants, some of which had interesting genetic diversity.  相似文献   

Herbicide resistance in transgenic plants with mammalian P450 monooxygenase genes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Inui H  Ohkawa H 《Pest management science》2005,61(3):286-291

Transgenic potato and rice plants were generated by the introduction of human P450 species, CYP1A1, CYP2B6, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, which metabolized a number of herbicides, insecticides and industrial chemicals. The transgenic potato plant T1977 co-expressing CYP1A1, CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 genes showed remarkable cross-resistance to several herbicides with different structures and modes of action due to metabolism of these herbicides by the P450 species expressed. The transgenic rice plant 2C9-57R2 expressing CYP2C9 gene showed resistance to sulfonylureas, and the transgenic rice plant 2C19-12R1 expressing CYP2C19 gene showed cross-resistance to certain herbicides with different structures and modes of action. These transgenic plants appear to be useful for herbicide resistance as well as phytoremediation of environmental contaminants.  相似文献   

Cell surface expression of a chimeric protein containing mouse immunoglobulin G1 Fc domain and its immunological property     

Batanova TA  Ota H  Kitoh K  Matsumoto Y  Hayashi Y  Takashima Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(1):87-90

Recently we reported that a chimeric molecule containing mouse transferrin receptor and immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc, mTR-Fc, induced higher immune responses and can be used as a vaccine adjuvant. In this study, the immunological property of the molecule was investigated. Although, the mTR-Fc did not activate complement classical pathway, it was recognized by activated macrophage as like intact IgG Fc, which is recognized by macrophage via Fcgamma receptor. In addition, we found that splenocyte simultaneously exposed to lipopolysaccaride (LPS) and mTR-Fc produced higher amount of interleukin-10, comparing to that exposed to only LPS. These results suggest that the mTR-Fc molecules conserved the IgG Fc property to biasing immune responses via modulation of cytokine production by antigen presenting cell.  相似文献   

A fusion protein of IgG fc and mouse-derived antigen on the surface of pseudorabies virus particles does not accelerate production of harmful auto-reactive antibodies     

Ota H  Takashima Y  Hayashi Y  Matsumoto Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(11):1179-1183

Previously we reported that immunization with pseudorabies virus (PRV), harboring chimeric Fc on the surface of the virus particles (PRV/Fc), induced higher immune responses than normal PRV particles. The chimeric Fc was fused with mouse transferrin receptor of transmembrane domain (mTR) and the Fc region of immunoglobulin G1. Since it has been reported that some chimeric protein of Fc and self-antigen induce auto-reactive antibodies, in this present study, we examined whether PRV/Fc induces auto-reactive antibodies that react with mTR. PRV/Fc immunized mice produced higher levels of anti-PRV antibodies and antibodies that reacted with mouse-derived 3T3/A31 cells (A31 cell), compared to normal PRV immunized mice. However, antibodies that reacted with mTR in A31 cells were not detected in both Western blot analyses and indirect immunofluorescence assay. The antibodies reacted with an antigen of approximately 16 kDa in A31 cells, but this antigen has a different molecular mass from that of mTR. The antibody also reacted with the antigen of approximately 16 kDa in RK13 cells in which the virus had been propagated. In addition, antibodies induced by immunization with normal PRV also reacted with the same antigen in A31 and RK13 cells. Moreover, neither kidney disorders, in which high levels of mTR were expressed, nor clinical symptoms of autoimmune diseases were observed in mice immunized with either PRV or PRV/Fc. These results indicated that the antibodies were not induced by mTR-Fc, but were instead induced by trace amounts of RK13 derived antigens contained in PRV or PRV/Fc preparations, and cross-reacted with equivalent molecules in mouse derived A31 cells. Therefore, this study confirmed that immunization with PRV/Fc did not induce harmful auto-reactive antibodies.  相似文献   

Gas chromatographic determination of oxalic acid in foods   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

H Ohkawa 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1985,68(1):108-111

A new quantitative gas chromatographic (GC) method has been developed for the determination of oxalic acid in foods. Solid sample is extracted with water (soluble oxalic acid) or 2N hydrochloric acid (total oxalic acid) at room temperature. An aliquot of sample extract is evaporated to dryness, and the oxalic acid in the residue is methylated with 7% hydrochloric acid-methanol. The reaction mixture is extracted with chloroform, and dimethyl oxalate is quantitated by GC. Recovery of oxalic acid added to liquid samples averaged 100.6%; recoveries from extracts of solid samples were 96.2-99.5 and 97.2-100.1% for water and hydrochloric acid extractions, respectively. Results are shown for determination of oxalic acid in spinach and beverages. The technique is simple, rapid, and accurate, and small samples may be used. The limit of determination is 20 micrograms.  相似文献