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排序方式: 共有228条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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Frans E. Pick Pieter R. De Beer Susan M. Prinsloo Louis P. Van Dyk 《Pest management science》1987,21(1):45-49
High-pressure liquid chromatography with an ion-exchange column combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was used to analyse commercial formulations of sodium hydrogen methylarsonate (MSMA). No arsenite or arsenate salts or dimethylarsinic acid were detected as contaminants in the formulations, and the MSMA concentrations were found to be in accordance with the concentrations given on the containers. 相似文献
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Annie Swart G. A. Kamerbeek 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1976,82(2):81-84
The ethylene production of severalFusarium species and formae speciales in vitro was measured under comparable conditions. All of them produced ethylene.Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. ex Fr. f.tulipae Apt. produced much more than the other 18 strains investigated.Samenvatting Aangezien er aanwijzingen zijn dat ethyleen een rol speelt bij de aantasting van de tulpebol doorFusarium, werd de ethyleenproduktie van diverse soorten en formae speciales vanFusarium onder standaardvoorwaarden in vitro vergeleken. Alle onderzochteFusarium spp. en vormen vanFusarium produceerden ethyleen.Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. ex Fr. f.tulipae Apt. bleek in vergelijking met 18 andere getoetste soorten en formae speciales enige duizenden malen meer ethyleen te produceren. 相似文献
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Swart JA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5615):1981-2; author reply 1981-2
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Dana M. Calhoun Paula A. Schaffer Jacklyn R. Gregory Katherine M. Hardy Pieter T. J. Johnson 《Journal of aquatic animal health》2015,27(4):185-191
Infections by the digenetic trematode, Ribeiroia ondatrae, cause severe limb malformations in many North American amphibians. Ribeiroia ondatrae also infects fishes as second intermediate hosts, but less is known about the pathology and immune responses initiated in infected fish, even though reports of infected fish date back to early 1900s. To this end, we experimentally exposed juvenile Bluegills Lepomis macrochirus to three doses of R. ondatrae cercariae and monitored the pathology, parasite infection success, and humoral responses over 648 h. All exposed fish became infected with metacercariae, and the average infection load increased with exposure dose. Histologically, infection was associated with acute hemorrhages in the lateral line and local dermis at 36 h, followed by progressive granulomatous inflammation that led to the destruction of encysted metacercariae. Correspondingly, over the course of 648 h we observed an 85% decline in average infection load among hosts, reflecting the host's clearance of the parasite. Infection was not associated with changes in fish growth or survival, but did correlate with leukocytosis and neutrophilia in circulating host blood. Understanding the physiological responses of R. ondatrae in Bluegill will help to clarify the ecological effects of this parasite and provide a foundation for subsequent comparisons into its effects on behavior, individual health, and population dynamics of Bluegill.
Received March 4, 2015; accepted August 9, 2015 相似文献
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Frits Franssen Gunita Deksne Zanda Esíte Arie Havelaar Arno Swart Joke van der Giessen 《Veterinary research》2014,45(1)
Freezing of fox carcasses to minimize professional hazard of infection with Echinococcus multilocularis is recommended in endemic areas, but this could influence the detection of Trichinella larvae in the same host species. A method based on artificial digestion of frozen fox muscle, combined with larva isolation by a sequential sieving method (SSM), was validated using naturally infected foxes from Latvia. The validated SSM was used to detect dead Trichinella muscle larvae (ML) in frozen muscle samples of 369 red foxes from the Netherlands, of which one fox was positive (0.067 larvae per gram). This result was compared with historical Trichinella findings in Dutch red foxes. Molecular analysis using 5S PCR showed that both T. britovi and T. nativa were present in the Latvian foxes, without mixed infections. Of 96 non-frozen T. britovi ML, 94% was successfully sequenced, whereas this was the case for only 8.3% of 72 frozen T. britovi ML. The single Trichinella sp. larva that was recovered from the positive Dutch fox did not yield PCR product, probably due to severe freeze-damage. In conclusion, the SSM presented in this study is a fast and effective method to detect dead Trichinella larvae in frozen meat. We showed that the Trichinella prevalence in Dutch red fox was 0.27% (95% CI 0.065-1.5%), in contrast to 3.9% in the same study area fifteen years ago. Moreover, this study demonstrated that the efficacy of 5S PCR for identification of Trichinella britovi single larvae from frozen meat is not more than 8.3%. 相似文献
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A selection program in three tropical maize populations aimed to improve tolerance of mid-season to late season drought environments
while maintaining grain yield (GY) potential. The selection process employed other attributes that included maintaining a
constant anthesis date (AD) and, under drought, shortening the anthesis-silking interval (ASI) and increasing ear number per
plant (EPP). Three-mode (genotypes × environments × attributes) pattern analysis, which consists of clustering and ordination,
should be able to collectively interpret these changes from ten evaluation trials. Mixture maximum likelihood clustering identified
four groups that indicated the populations' performance had changed with selection. Groups containing the advanced cycles
of selection were higher yielding in most environments and had lower ASI and higher EPP, particularly in drought environments.
Check entries with no selection for drought tolerance remained grouped with the initial cycles of selection. A 3 × 2 × 3 (genotypes
by environments by attributes) principal component model explained 70% of the variation. For the first environmental component,
ASI was shown to be highly negatively correlated with both GY and EPP while anthesis date (AD) was virtually uncorrelated
with other traits. The second environmental component (explaining 10% of the variation) contrasted droughted and well-watered
environments and showed that EPP and GY were better indicators of this contrast (in terms of changes in population performance)
than were AD or ASI. Three-mode analysis demonstrated that improvements with selection occurred in both droughted and well-watered
environments and clearly summarised the overall success of the breeding program.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
9.
Ekstrom LB Roelfsema PR Arsenault JT Bonmassar G Vanduffel W 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5887):414-417
The frontal eye field (FEF) is one of several cortical regions thought to modulate sensory inputs. Moreover, several hypotheses suggest that the FEF can only modulate early visual areas in the presence of a visual stimulus. To test for bottom-up gating of frontal signals, we microstimulated subregions in the FEF of two monkeys and measured the effects throughout the brain with functional magnetic resonance imaging. The activity of higher-order visual areas was strongly modulated by FEF stimulation, independent of visual stimulation. In contrast, FEF stimulation induced a topographically specific pattern of enhancement and suppression in early visual areas, but only in the presence of a visual stimulus. Modulation strength depended on stimulus contrast and on the presence of distractors. We conclude that bottom-up activation is needed to enable top-down modulation of early visual cortex and that stimulus saliency determines the strength of this modulation. 相似文献
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