火鸡隐孢子虫在鹌鹑体内发育史的研究   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7  

查红波  蒋金书 《畜牧兽医学报》1994,25(3):273-278

分离自鹌鹑的火鸡隐孢子虫经口感染２日龄鹌鹑，潜在期为３ｄ，开放期为４－１８ｄ。它在鹌鹑体内发育史过程为：卵巢经口接种后，于十二指肠，空肠，回肠肠腔中子孢子脱囊，至接种后６ｈ全部子孢子脱囊完毕。接种后６ｈ在小肠中出现滋养体。接种后１２ｈ在小肠中出现内含８个裂殖子的裂殖体及裂殖子，接种后４８ｈ滋养体和裂殖体开始出现于直肠。接种后５４ｈ，在小肠，直扬中出现含有１６个子弹形小配子的小配子体。小配子与大配子  相似文献   

玉米行间导航线实时提取   总被引：10，自引：7，他引：3  

杨洋  张博立  查家翼  温兴  陈黎卿  张铁  董祥  杨学军 《农业工程学报》2020,36(12):162-171

针对高地隙植保机底盘玉米田间植保作业压苗严重的现象,该研究提出了基于车轮正前方可行走动态感兴趣区域(Region of Interest,ROI)的玉米行导航线实时提取算法。首先将获取的玉米苗带图像进行像素归一化,采用过绿算法和最大类间方差法分割玉米与背景,并通过形态学处理对图像进行增强和去噪;然后对视频第1帧图像应用垂直投影法确定静态ROI区域,并在静态ROI区域内利用特征点聚类算法拟合作物行识别线,基于已识别的玉米行识别线更新和优化动态ROI区域,实现动态ROI区域的动态迁移;最后在动态ROI区域内采用最小二乘法获取高地隙植保机底盘玉米行间导航线。试验表明,该算法具有较好的抗干扰性能,能够很好地适应较为复杂的田间环境,导航线提取准确率为96%,处理一帧分辨率为1 920像素×1 080像素图像平均耗时97.56 ms,该研究提出的算法能够为高地隙植保机车轮沿玉米垄间行走提供可靠、实时的导航路径。  相似文献   

Effects of copper and zinc oxide nanoparticles on German cockroach development,indoxacarb resistance,and bacterial load     

Chen Zha  Matthew Turner  Ritesh Ray  Dangsheng Liang  Jose E. Pietri 《Pest management science》2023,79(8):2944-2950

  相似文献   

Sublethal effects of nine insecticides on Drosophila suzukii and its major pupal parasitoid Trichopria drosophilae     

Fabrizio Lisi  Ramzi Mansour  Carmelo Cavallaro  Tuğcan Alınç  Emanuele Porcu  Michele Ricupero  Lucia Zappalà  Nicolas Desneux  Antonio Biondi 《Pest management science》2023,79(12):5003-5014

Background

Although the pupal parasitoid Trichopria drosophilae is used in conservative and augmentative biocontrol of Drosophila suzukii infestations, current pest management strategies mostly rely on multiple insecticide applications. In this context, the aim of the study was to investigate the baseline toxicity of nine insecticides on D. suzukii larvae and their multiple sublethal effects (LC₁₀) on immature stages of the pest feeding on contaminated diet and T. drosophilae developing within the intoxicated host.

Results

Chlorpyriphos and azadirachtin showed the lowest and the highest LC₁₀, the values of which were 9.78 × 10¹³ and 1.46 × 10³ times lower than their recommended label field rate, respectively. Among tested insecticides, imidacloprid, malathion and dimethoate were the only treatments that did not affect the juvenile development time of D. suzukii, while spinosad and the organophosphates chlorpyriphos and dimethoate did not influence fly pupal size. No sublethal effects were recorded on T. drosophilae degree of infestation (DI) and juvenile development time. On the contrary, cyazypyr and dimethoate negatively affected the success of parasitism (SP) and the number of progeny of the pupal parasitoid, in association with malathion for the first parameter and spinosad for the fertility. Compared to the untreated control, more female progeny emerged following azadirachtin exposure, while dimethoate caused the opposite effect. Imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin and spinetoram decreased hind tibia length of emerged parasitoids.

Conclusion

This study provides new insights on the (eco)toxicological profile of nine insecticides and new information needed to support the deployment of T. drosophilae in the field within the sustainable management techniques against D. suzukii. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

金属离子对霍山石斛类原球茎增殖及植株再生的影响   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

查学强  罗建平  石玮  姜绍通 《园艺学报》2006,33(1):179-181

 采用单因素浓度试验和正交试验研究了Mg²⁺ 、Ca²⁺ 、Fe²⁺ 、Mn²⁺和Zn²⁺离子对液体培养霍山石斛类原球茎增殖的影响。结果表明, 5种金属离子对类原球茎增殖影响的主次顺序为Fe²⁺ >Mn²⁺ >Mg²⁺ >Ca²⁺ > Zn^{2 +} , 促进类原球茎增殖的优化组合为Mg²⁺ 1.5 mmol·L ^-1、Ca²⁺ 4.5 mmol·L ^-1、Fe²⁺ 0.1 mmol·L ^-1、Mn²⁺ 0.5 mmol·L ^-1、Zn²⁺ 0.06 mmol·L ^-1。经优化的液体培养基增殖的类原球茎能保持植株再生能力, 平均每克类原球茎增殖后可再生植株1 985.2株, 是相同时间内对照类原球茎再生植株数的4.2倍。  相似文献   

氮素形态对新高梨生长和果实品质的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

金松南  艾呈祥  姚峰君  张力思  刘庆忠 《落叶果树》2007,39(4):1-3

在盆栽条件下,研究了氮素形态对新高梨生长和果实品质的影响.结果表明,培养液中铵态氮和硝态氮混合比例为50∶150时,新高梨的新梢生长、新梢数和叶面积增加显著;叶片叶绿素含量、平均单果重和可溶性固形物含量随培养液中硝态氮浓度的提高而增加,而果实酸度和果实硬度变化与可溶性固形物含量变化趋势相反.  相似文献   

甜樱桃品种S基因型研究概况     

艾呈祥  张力思  刘庆忠 《中国果树》2007,(1):56-58

甜樱桃(Prunus avium L.)属配子体型自交不亲和(Gametophyticself-incompatibility,GSI),遗传上由染色体上具有复等位基因构成的单一位点或基因座控制(称为S基因座)。在一个S基因座上,植物种群内可含有多个S等位基因,称为S基因。甜樱桃品种大多数自交不亲和,在生产中必须配置授  相似文献   

巨型艾美耳球虫感染鸡空肠粘膜肥大细胞数量和组织胺含量的变化   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

查红波  蒋金书 《畜牧兽医学报》1997,28(2):185-194

本文借助于改良甲苯胺蓝染色法和荧光测定法，分别检测了巨型艾美耳球虫感染鸡空肠粘膜肥大细胞（ＭＭＣ）数量和组织胺（ＨＡ）含量的变化。结果表明，初次感染巨型艾美耳球虫之后，空肠ＭＭＣ呈减少趋势，至感染后第１４天回复至不感染对照组水平。而初次感染组相应空肠ＨＡ水平呈现出不显著波动后，在感染后第４天达最大值。在再次攻毒试验中，免疫攻毒组ＭＭＣ呈现水升趋势，尔后回复至不感染对照组水平；免疫攻毒组织相应肠道Ｈ  相似文献   

Water-use efficiency of a poplar plantation in Northern China     

Jie Zhou  Zhiqiang Zhang  Ge Sun  Xianrui Fang  Tonggang Zha  Jiquan Chen  Asko Noormets  Junting Guo  Steve McNulty 《Journal of Forest Research》2014,19(6):483-492

The water-use efficiency (WUE) of an ecosystem—defined as the gross ecosystem production (GEP) divided by the evapotranspiration (ET)—is an important index for understanding the coupling of water and carbon and quantifying water–carbon trade-offs in forests. An open-path eddy covariance technique and a microclimate measurement system were deployed to investigate the WUE of a poplar plantation ecosystem in the Daxing District of Beijing, China, during the growing seasons in 2006, 2007, and 2008. We found that WUE values changed diurnally, peaking in early morning and showing a minimum between 2 pm and 3 pm. This pattern was regulated by photosynthetically active radiation, saturated vapor pressure deficit, and stomatal opening and closure. WUE had inter-daily variations but no substantial seasonal variation. The WUE decreased with increasing soil water content due to the higher sensitivity of ET than GEP to increased soil moisture. Under moist soil conditions (i.e., relative extractable water content >0.4), GEP was stable and WUE was generally low. These results suggest that the poplar plantation does not effectively use the available soil water for carbon uptake, and that soil moisture is lost to the atmosphere through ET.  相似文献   

凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)低盐度围隔调控养殖环境微生物研究     

查广才 《现代渔业信息》2006,21(8):3-6

在广东省珠海市斗门一个大小为0.3hm2的空白虾池内,设立10个大小为5×5×1.6m(l×b×d)的陆基池塘围隔,对凡纳滨对虾低盐度调控养殖环境微生物进行实验研究,结果低盐度围隔调控养殖系统,水体异养细菌平均为1.33~9.27×104cfu.ml-1,致病性弧菌平均为2.83~7.91×102cfu.ml-1,养殖水体致病性弧菌的数量比异养细菌平均低2个数量级。各围隔水体异养菌在养殖早期都有一个高峰期,中后期低而稳定;围隔异养细菌的数量并未因定期施菌而增高,反而呈下降的趋势。对虾养殖健康的围隔,中后期水体致病性弧菌保持较低的数量,而对虾发病的围隔,致病性弧菌数量高。围隔调控养殖系统,异养细菌的数量相对比较稳定,而致病性弧菌数量呈较大波动。  相似文献