云南怒江番茄种植新区番茄病毒检测及病毒种传特性          下载免费PDF全文

刘玉莹  熊志琦  苏晓霞  王田田  吴阔  郑宽瑜  张仲凯 《植物保护》2024,50(1):272-279

病毒病对番茄生产造成严重危害, 近年来在番茄种植新区发生严重, 疑似为种子带毒传播。本研究通过对云南省怒江州番茄种植新区的番茄病毒病样品采用RNA-seq高通量测序, RT-PCR验证的方法检测病毒种类;对番茄病果种子进行超薄切片制样透射电子显微镜观察, 将病果种子播种后对种苗进行RT-PCR带毒检测。结果表明, RNA-seq高通量测序及RT-PCR检测到的病毒有番茄环纹斑点病毒(tomato zonate spot orthotospovirus, TZSV)、番茄黄斑驳相关病毒(tomato yellow mottle-associated virus, TYMaV)、辣椒脉斑驳病毒(chili veinal mottle virus, ChiVMV)、南方番茄病毒(southern tomato virus, STV)。透射电镜观察到种胚细胞及胚乳细胞中分布典型的正番茄斑萎病毒属Orthotospovirus病毒粒体。病果种子播种28 d后的种苗具有病毒病症状, 通过RT-PCR检出TZSV、ChiVMV、STV, 检出率分别为60%、100%、80%。上述研究结果为TZSV通过种子传播提供了有利的证据, 并为源头防控番茄病毒病提供了依据。  相似文献   

发酵床垫料水分调控系统设计     

李辉  林家彬  秦竹  周忠凯  余刚  唐玉新  汤赤  陈俊 《农业科学与技术》2014,(8):1410-1413

为解决发酵床垫料部分区域积水导致的烂床等问题,试验确定了＆quot;热气脉动法＆quot;的垫料水分调控方法,并设计了一套发酵床垫料水分调控设施设备以 STC89C52单片机为核心,WL433A无线通讯模块进行数据的传输,使用 VB.NET进行上位机的开发, Access为后台数据库,实现了对发酵床垫料内部信息的实时采集、无线传输、自动存储以及远程实时监测等,为发酵床垫料水分调控的研究提供了设施基础,在一定程度上推动了养殖设施设备的发展。  相似文献   

酶促水解蔗糖生产果葡糖浆新工艺     

周中凯  程觉民 《亚热带农业研究》1997,(2)

以黑赤曲霉（Asp.niger－W1）为出发菌，经紫外诱变、亚硝基胍处理获得—蔗糖酶高产菌（Asp．niger－W3）。经固态发酵培养获得高活力蔗糖酶。该酶在50－55℃有较高活力，在pH5．5－6．0范围内有较高稳定性。该菌种选育成功，可为果葡糖浆生产提供了一种简易制备方法。  相似文献   

宾川地区烟草病毒病病原种类及其侵染循环初探   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李月秋  张仲凯 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1997,12(4):263-268

 对宾川烟草病区病毒病进行调查采样,应用病毒分离提纯技术、电子显微镜技术开展鉴定研究,得出:(1)宾川烟草病毒病原以CMV,PVY,TMV,TEV发生较为普遍,且危害严重,此外有PVX,一种球形病毒〔可能是番茄斑萎病毒(TSWV)〕也有零星发生,以症状来看,还有环斑、曲叶、丛枝、条纹等类型,但未分离到明显病原;(2)病毒病病原的分布在宾川主栽烤烟品种上没有明显的差异,而分布与生态类型有关,年度间种群分布相对稳定;(3)探明烟苗期烟苗带毒率和带毒量是宾川烟草中后期病毒流行的决定性因素;(4)探明了病毒、寄主、媒介(蚜虫)三者之间的关系及其烟草病毒病的侵染循环。  相似文献   

Characterization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">kiss2</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">kissr2</Emphasis> genes and the regulation of kisspeptin on the HPG axis in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cynoglossus semilaevis</Emphasis>     

Huayu Song  Mengxun Wang  Zhongkai Wang  Jinxiang Liu  Jie Qi  Quanqi Zhang 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2017,43(3):731-753

Reproduction allows organisms to produce offspring. Animals shift from immature juveniles into mature adults and become capable of sexual reproduction during puberty, which culminates in the first spermiation and sperm hydration or ovulation. Reproduction is closely related to the precise control of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis. Kisspeptin peptides are considered as the important regulator of HPG axis in mammalian. However, the current understanding of kisspeptin in flatfish is not comprehensive. In this study, we cloned and analyzed the kiss2 and kissr2 genes in Cynoglossus semilaevis. Interesting alternative splicing in the 5′-untranslated regions (UTR) of the Cskissr2 gene was found. The expression profiles of Cskiss2 and Cskissr2 showed relative high messenger RNA (mRNA) levels at the late gastrula stage during embryonic development, at total length = 40 mm during early gonadal differentiation, and in the brains and gonads of all investigated tissues. These results suggested that the kisspeptin system participated in embryogenesis and in the regulation of gonadal differentiation and development. Considering that the control and regulatory mechanisms of kisspeptin in the central reproductive axis are still unclear, we documented that the intramuscular injection of kisspeptin caused different sGnRH and cGnRH mRNA levels in a dose- and tissue-dependent manner. The mRNA expressions of FSH and LH were stimulated in the ovary and were inhibited in the testis under the kisspeptin treatments. These results provided foundations for understanding the roles of kisspeptin in the neuroendocrine system in fish. The manipulation of the kisspeptin system may provide new opportunities to control the gonadal development and even reproduction in fish.  相似文献   

纹杆块与钉齿组合式轴流玉米脱粒滚筒的设计与试验   总被引：8，自引：6，他引：2  

邸志峰  崔中凯  张华  周进  张明源  卜令昕 《农业工程学报》2018,34(1):28-34

为解决黄淮海地区玉米直接进行籽粒收获破碎率和未脱净率高的问题,该文在分析现有脱粒滚筒结构特点的基础上,设计了组合式轴流玉米脱粒滚筒,选取滚筒转速、滚筒倾角和凹板间隙为试验因素,在自制的玉米脱粒试验台上进行了单因素试验和正交试验,并运用SAS统计分析软件对试验结果进行了分析。单因素试验结果表明:随着滚筒转速的增大,籽粒破碎率先降低后升高,未脱净率则急剧减小并趋于稳定;随着滚筒倾角的增大,籽粒破碎率和未脱净率则逐渐变小;随着凹板间隙的增大,籽粒破碎率先降低后升高,未脱净率先升高后降低并趋于稳定。正交试验结果表明:影响籽粒破碎率和未脱净率的主次因素顺序均为滚筒转速、滚筒倾角、凹板间隙,且转速430 r/min、滚筒倾角6?和凹板间隙55 mm时籽粒破碎率和未脱净率均最低。该研究可为高含水率玉米脱粒滚筒的设计提供参考。  相似文献   

云南省玉溪市玉米致死性坏死病毒原的分子鉴定     

李帅#  朱敏#  夏子豪  王廿  周涛  董家红  陈永对  张仲凯  范在丰 《植物保护》2015,41(3):110-114

玉米致死性坏死病是由玉米褪绿斑驳病毒(Maize chlorotic mottle virus,MCMV)和一种或多种马铃薯Y病毒科病毒复合侵染引起的。2014年1月在对云南省玉溪市玉米病毒病害的调查中发现了一些表现严重花叶、矮化叶片甚至整个植株坏死症状的玉米。对采集样品进行RT-PCR检测,所有样品中都同时检测到了MCMV和甘蔗花叶病毒(Sugarcane mosaic virus,SCMV),在一个样品中同时检测到了MCMV、SCMV和南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒(Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus)。  相似文献   

番茄斑萎病毒对云南莴苣类蔬菜的侵染为害     

郑宽瑜  吴阔  董家红  方琦  张仲凯 《植物保护》2015,41(5):174-178

莴苣类蔬菜是常见的食用蔬菜。近年在云南发现生菜、莴笋、油麦菜有症状表现为叶片黄化、褪绿、坏死斑的病害流行危害,为确定其病原,通过电子显微镜观察、回接试验、ELISA检测、病毒基因分析,在典型症状病样组织粗汁液和超薄切片中均观察到有类似番茄斑萎病毒属病毒的粒体,该病毒粒体为球形,直径80～85 nm; ELISA检测和病毒基因分析显示,侵染莴苣类蔬菜的病毒为番茄斑萎病毒。  相似文献   

马铃薯Y病毒云南昭通烟草分离物的检测及年度间差异比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

卢训  丁铭  方琦  黄韡  游堂贵  秦西云  张仲凯 《植物保护》2013,39(3):57-62

利用DAS-ELISA检测试剂盒检测昭通烟草脉斑病样品,结果表明存在马铃薯Y病毒O株系和马铃薯Y病毒N株系两个不同株系病毒。利用Sprimer和M4引物扩增、克隆、测序,得到长度为1 771 bp目的片段,该片段包含病毒的外壳蛋白基因序列、3′ UTR序列以及部分Nib基因序列;序列分析表明与湖南HN 2分离物（GenBank No. GQ200836）和美国NE 11分离物（GenBank No. DQ157180）核苷酸序列相似性均为98%,系统进化分析表明其具有较近的亲缘关系。  相似文献   

Fatty Acid Composition of Three Rice Varieties Following Storage   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Zhongkai Zhou  Chris Blanchard  Stuart Helliwell  Kevin Robards   《Journal of Cereal Science》2003,37(3):327-335

The petroleum ether extractable lipids (PEE-L) and aqueous propan-1-ol extractable lipids (PWE-L) of three varieties of rice were determined gravimetrically and characterised by fatty acid profiles. The content of PEE-L (22·5–28·2 mg g⁻¹) was higher than that of PWE-L (7·4–11·5 mg g⁻¹) in brown rice with the situation reversed in milled rice (3·0–4·5 mg g⁻¹vs. 7·2–8·7 mg g⁻¹). The ratio of unsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid was about two times higher in PEE-L than that in PWE-L for both brown and milled rice reflecting the selective complexation of saturated fatty acids. Rice storage at 37 °C resulted in some minor but statistically significant changes in the fatty acid profile. In the case of brown rice, the only notable changes were a reduction in the amounts of oleic and linoleic acids in the aqueous propan-1-ol extractable fatty acid fraction (PWE-FA) following storage at the higher temperature. Milled rice of all three varieties showed a decrease in linoleic acid content of PEE-L following storage at 37 °C for 4 and 7 months compared to storage at 4 °C. There was no change in fatty acid contents of PWE-L of milled rice when stored at 4 and 37 °C for 4 and 7 months. This implies that the PWE-L (or bound lipids) were more stable than PEE-L (or free lipids) during storage.  相似文献