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1.
Patui S Peresson C Braidot E Tubaro F Colussi A Bonnländer B Macrì F Vianello A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(20):8223-8230
In this paper lipoxygenase (LOX) presence was investigated in coffee berries to determine its involvement in lipid degradative metabolism of plants grown in organic and conventional cultivations. An immunochemical analysis has evidenced a ca. 80 kDa protein, cross-reacting with an anti-LOX antibody, only in the pulp fraction of berries obtained from plants of both cultivations. LOX activity in this fraction could be monitored either as conjugated diene formation or reaction products (determined by HPLC) and was mainly associated with a heavy membrane fraction (HMF, enriched in tonoplast, endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane, and mitochondria) and a light membrane fraction (LMF, enriched in plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum, with low levels of tonoplast and mitochondria). The LOX activity of LMF from berries of both cultivations showed an optimum at pH 8.0. The HMF exhibited a different activity peak in samples from conventional (pH 8.0) and organic (pH 5.5) cultures, suggesting the presence of different isoenzymes. These findings were also confirmed by variation of the ratio of 9- and 13-hydroperoxides in organic (1:1) and conventional cultivations (1:10), indicating that the organic one was subjected to an oxidative stress in the coffee pulp fraction leading to the expression of an acidic LOX. Such de novo synthesized LOX activity could be responsible for the production of secondary metabolites, which may interfere with the organoleptic profile of coffee. 相似文献
2.
Concepción Paredes Maria Dolores Pérez-Murcia Aurelia Pérez-Espinosa M. Ángeles Bustamante Joaquín Moreno-Caselles 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):238-247
The use of poultry manure or goat/sheep manure in the co-composting of the two-phase olive-mill cake “alperujo” (ALP) with olive leaf (OL) is compared by studying organic-matter mineralization and humification processes during composting and the characteristics of the end products. For this, two different piles (P1 and P2) were prepared using ALP with OL mixed with poultry manure (PM) and goat/sheep manure (GSM), respectively, and composted by the turned windrow composting system. Throughout the composting process, a number of parameters were monitored, such as temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), OM losses, total organic carbon (Corg), total nitrogen (Nt), Corg/Nt ratio, and the germination index (GI). In both piles, the temperature exceeded 55 °C for more than 2 weeks, which ensured maximum pathogen reduction. Organic-matter losses followed a first-order kinetic equation in both piles. The final composts presented a stabilized OM and absence of phytotoxins, as observed in the evolution and final values of the Corg/Nt ratio (Corg/Nt < 20) and the germination index (GI > 50 percent). Therefore, composting can be considered as an efficient treatment to recycle this type of waste, obtaining composts with suitable properties that can be safely used in agriculture. 相似文献
3.
Aurelia Bonet Nieves Diaz-Caneja Isabel Gutierrez Antonio Martínez Eugenio Villar 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1988,38(1-2):181-188
A study was carried out on the pH values obtained from bulk (wet and dry) precipitation samples collected simultaneously in two cities in Cantabria (Spain), Santander and Torrelavega over a period of a year. It was observed that the annual weighted average values for the pH of precipitation, 4.42 and 4.21, respectively, differ significantly although the difference is less than that existing between their pollution levels. The difference is greater when total annual H+ depositions are compared. The study also demonstrated the strong influence of long-range transport effect on acidity and to a lesser degree the effect of mid-range transport. 相似文献
4.
Onet Aurelia Dincă Lucian C. Grenni Paola Laslo Vasile Teusdea Alin C. Vasile Diana L. Enescu Raluca E. Crisan Vlad E. 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2019,19(5):2393-2404
Journal of Soils and Sediments - Erosion is one of the main soil degradation problems. It diminishes soil biological activity and therefore its quality. The aim of the study was to evaluate if the... 相似文献
5.
The effects of an innovative process for the manufacture of peach and nectarine purees on the main quality indices, namely, color, consistency, carotenoid and phenolic content, and antioxidant activity, were studied using a peach cultivar that is optimal for nectar processing (cv. Redhaven) and peach and nectarine varieties that undergo a faster browning degradation. The innovative process, operating the pulping/finishing step at room temperature, was compared to the traditional process of hot pulping/finishing. The study comprised initial trials on a pilot plant scale and scaling up to industrial production of the puree and nectar. The quality of products was analyzed at the time of production and as a function of storage of both the puree and the nectar. With respect to the traditional process, the new process, scaled up to industrial levels, improved the color of peach and nectarine products (by increasing the L* value and decreasing the a* value), whatever the variety studied; maintained almost the same levels of carotenoids, hydroxycinnamates, flavan-3-ols, and flavonols; and reduced the level of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside. The presence of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside was correlated to an unstable and undesirable red hue of the products (even if its concentration was very low in all products), and the decreased level obtained by the innovative process was considered to be positive. On the basis of these results, new technology can be proposed for the processing of fruit varieties that are not suitable for puree production using traditional technology. This opens up two possibilities: (a) utilization of fresh market fruit surplus and (b) processing of selected fruit varieties that are rich in antioxidants but have a high browning potential, such as the Stark Red Gold nectarine. Furthermore, as the positive impact of the new technology is optimal at the beginning of storage, it is particularly suitable for fruit-based products with a short shelf life. 相似文献
6.
Palytoxin (PLTX), one the most potent marine toxins, and/or its analogs, have been identified in different marine organisms, such as Palythoa soft corals, Ostreopsis dinoflagellates, and Trichodesmium cyanobacteria. Although the main concern for human health is PLTXs entrance in the human food chain, there is growing evidence of adverse effects associated with inhalational, cutaneous, and/or ocular exposure to aquarium soft corals contaminated by PLTXs or aquaria waters. Indeed, the number of case reports describing human poisonings after handling these cnidarians is continuously increasing. In general, the signs and symptoms involve mainly the respiratory (rhinorrhea and coughing), skeletomuscular (myalgia, weakness, spasms), cardiovascular (electrocardiogram alterations), gastrointestinal (nausea), and nervous (paresthesia, ataxia, tremors) systems or apparates. The widespread phenomenon, the entity of the signs and symptoms of poisoning and the lack of control in the trade of corals as aquaria decorative elements led to consider these poisonings an emerging sanitary problem. This review summarizes literature data on human poisonings due to, or ascribed to, PLTX-containing soft corals, focusing on the different PLTX congeners identified in these organisms and their toxic potential. 相似文献
7.
Enrique Agulló Mauricio Martínez-Fernández Maria Dolores Pérez-Murcia Aurelia Pérez-Espinosa Raul Moral 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):208-218
The aim of this work was to study the effects of vermicomposting on selected properties of composts derived from animal and plant wastes. For this, two different worm beds were established and fed with two composts: C1, made from goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) manure and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) pruning wastes, and C2, made from rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) manure and grass clippings, to study the quality of the final vermicomposts. Physical and chemical properties were determined in the end products. Vermicomposting improved several properties of the composts, increasing their total water-holding capacity (in C1, from 333 to 451 mL/L, and in C2, from 371to 419 mL/L), reducing salinity (in C1, from 6.8 to 2.4 dS/m, and in C2, from 10.3 to 4.6 dS/m), and balancing pH in the final composts obtained, especially in C1 (from 8.57 to 8.02). The type of raw material used in the worm beds significantly influenced the final characteristics of the end products obtained and the development of the process, with more favorable results being obtained with the compost derived from rabbit manure and grass clippings (C2). 相似文献
8.
Mattoli L Cangi F Maidecchi A Ghiara C Tubaro M Traldi P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(26):9860-9866
Immature bitter orange fruit and its extracts have been introduced into the market as an alternative to Ephedra in weight loss products. However, the safety of the immature bitter orange fruit and its extracts is a debated argument due to the presence of synephrine, a constituent known as a sympathomimetic agent. In this paper, we describe the development of a new, rapid, and simple liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method devoted to the quantitative determination of synephrine in bitter orange samples, containing a high quantity of synephrine, and sweet orange samples, known to contain a low level of synephrine but at the same time being one of the main synephrine sources in a normal human diet. Two bitter orange dry extracts containing 5 and 6% sSynephrine and 10 sweet orange samples have been analyzed. Between the sweet orange samples, six were fresh oranges and four were fresh-squeezed juices; in these samples, the synephrine levels ranged from 0.00128 to 0.00349%. 相似文献
9.
Ali Al-Haidar Aurelia Leroux Lora Borde Stefan Deleuze Semona Cerri Charlotte Sandersen Hélène Amory Fédéric Farnir 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the optimal body size variable, and to determine mathematical model that best fits echocardiographic measurements to body size in the equine species. One hundred fifty horses of various breeds, aged 1 week to 17 years, body weight (BW) 38-890 kg, and free from cardiac disease were used in this study. Based on their age (ie, younger or older than 2 years), animals were separated into two groups. In each horse, the BW, height at withers (HT), thoracic circumference (TC), and the body length were measured; the body surface area was calculated; and a standard two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography was performed allowing classic cardiac measurements to be taken. Correlations between each echocardiographic measurement and each of the anthropometric variables were assessed via a Pearson's product-moment analysis and using linear, logarithmic, and power regression analysis in all animals and within the two groups. The dimensional, but not functional, echocardiographic measurements showed a close correlation with all body size variables, especially during growth. The relationship between cardiac measurements and body size was best described using power regression models with TC as the anthropometric variable, but the relationship was also very accurately described using BW, body surface area, or body length. In the equine species, dimensional echocardiographic reference values should be established using power regression equations on TC. Such a correction for body size could increase the diagnostic value of echocardiography in equine cardiology. 相似文献
10.
Nieves Diaz-Caneja Aurelia Bonet Isabel Gutierrez Antonio Martinez Eugenio Villar 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1989,43(3-4):277-291
A study was carried out over a period of 4 yr on precipitation in Santander, a coastal city with heavy rainfall in the north of Spain. An increase in acidity was found for the latter period studied, from April 1984 to April 1985, possibly due to a change in the meteorology of the area in this period. The correlations between the ions themselves, and with pollution from SO2 and suspended particulate matter, as well as possible correlations with meteorological variables were analyzed using a multiple linear regression method. The influence of mid- and long-range transport of pollutants was also analyzed and found to be important when air masses come from highly industrialized zones both in Central Europe and in neighboring Spanish regions, although the contribution of the latter to total acid deposition is less owing to low frequency and the usually low volume of precipitation. 相似文献