Efficient approach for simultaneous estimation of multiple health-promoting effects of foods     

Nagahama K  Eto N  Yamamori K  Nishiyama K  Sakakibara Y  Iwata T  Uchida A  Yoshihara I  Suiko M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(16):8575-8588

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Evaluation of Selected Cytokine Gene Expression in Colonic Mucosa from Dogs with Idiopathic Lymphocytic-plasmacytic Colitis     

Yu TAMURA  Hiroshi OHTA  Nozomu YOKOYAMA  Sue Yee LIM  Tatsuyuki OSUGA  Keitaro MORISHITA  Kensuke NAKAMURA  Masahiro YAMASAKI  Mitsuyoshi TAKIGUCHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(10):1407-1410

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Estimating coarse root biomass with ground penetrating radar in a tree-based intercropping system   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kira A. Borden  Marney E. Isaac  Naresh V. Thevathasan  Andrew M. Gordon  Sean C. Thomas 《Agroforestry Systems》2014,88(4):657-669

Conventional measurements of tree root biomass in tree-based intercropping (TBI) systems can be inadequate in capturing the heterogeneity of rooting patterns or can be highly destructive and non-repeatable. In this study, we estimated coarse root biomass using ground penetrating radar (GPR) of 25-year-old trees inclusive of five species (Populus deltoides × nigra clone DN-177, Juglans nigra L., Quercus rubra L., Picea abies L. Karst, and Thuja occidentalis L.) at a TBI site in Southern Ontario, Canada. Subsurface images generated by GPR were collected in grids (4.5 × 4.5 m) centred on tree stems. The predictive relationship developed between GPR signal response and root biomass was corrected for species effects prior to tree-scale estimates of belowground biomass. Accuracy of the tree-scale estimates was assessed by comparing coarse root biomass measured from complete excavations of the corresponding tree. The mean coarse root biomass estimated from GPR analysis was 54.1 ± 8.7 kg tree^?1 (mean ± S.E.; n = 12), within 1 % of the mean coarse root biomass measured from excavation. Overall there was a root mean square error of 14.4 kg between measured and estimated biomass with no detectable bias despite variable conditions within the in-field and multi-species study. Root system C storage by species, calculated with species-specific root carbon concentrations, is estimated at 5.4 ± 0.7–34.8 ± 6.9 kg C tree^?1 at this site. GPR is an effective tool for non-destructively predicting coarse root biomass in multi-species environments such as temperate TBI systems.  相似文献   

Identifying autism loci and genes by tracing recent shared ancestry   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Morrow EM  Yoo SY  Flavell SW  Kim TK  Lin Y  Hill RS  Mukaddes NM  Balkhy S  Gascon G  Hashmi A  Al-Saad S  Ware J  Joseph RM  Greenblatt R  Gleason D  Ertelt JA  Apse KA  Bodell A  Partlow JN  Barry B  Yao H  Markianos K  Ferland RJ  Greenberg ME  Walsh CA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5886):218-223

To find inherited causes of autism-spectrum disorders, we studied families in which parents share ancestors, enhancing the role of inherited factors. We mapped several loci, some containing large, inherited, homozygous deletions that are likely mutations. The largest deletions implicated genes, including PCDH10 (protocadherin 10) and DIA1 (deleted in autism1, or c3orf58), whose level of expression changes in response to neuronal activity, a marker of genes involved in synaptic changes that underlie learning. A subset of genes, including NHE9 (Na+/H+ exchanger 9), showed additional potential mutations in patients with unrelated parents. Our findings highlight the utility of "homozygosity mapping" in heterogeneous disorders like autism but also suggest that defective regulation of gene expression after neural activity may be a mechanism common to seemingly diverse autism mutations.  相似文献   

Permuted tRNA genes expressed via a circular RNA intermediate in Cyanidioschyzon merolae     

Soma A  Onodera A  Sugahara J  Kanai A  Yachie N  Tomita M  Kawamura F  Sekine Y 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5849):450-453

A computational analysis of the nuclear genome of a red alga, Cyanidioschyzon merolae, identified 11 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes in which the 3' half of the tRNA lies upstream of the 5' half in the genome. We verified that these genes are expressed and produce mature tRNAs that are aminoacylated. Analysis of tRNA-processing intermediates for these genes indicates an unusual processing pathway in which the termini of the tRNA precursor are ligated, resulting in formation of a characteristic circular RNA intermediate that is then processed at the acceptor stem to generate the correct termini.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics, stability, and retrospective analysis of use of an oral gel formulation of the bovine injectable enrofloxacin in horses     

Epstein K  Cohen N  Boothe D  Nieuwoudt C  Chandler J 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2004,5(2):155-167

In many cases of equine infectious disease, long-term administration of antimicrobial drugs is required. Oral agents are preferred because of the relative ease of administration compared with other routes. Enrofloxacin has been shown to be effective against a variety of equine pathogens, but oral administration of this drug has proved difficult in horses. An oral gel formulation made from the injectable cattle product produces blood levels sufficient to resolve infections caused by a variety of common equine pathogens.  相似文献   

Laparoscopic obliteration of the nephrosplenic space using polypropylene mesh in five horses     

Epstein KL  Parente EJ 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2006,35(5):431-437

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Expression of CD4 T cell cytokine genes in the colorectal mucosa of inflammatory colorectal polyps in miniature dachshunds     

Hiroshi Ohta  Kanae Takada  Shidow Torisu  Masashi Yuki  Yu Tamura  Nozomu Yokoyama  Tatsuyuki Osuga  Sue Yee Lim  Masahiro Murakami  Noboru Sasaki  Kensuke Nakamura  Masahiro Yamasaki  Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2013

Inflammatory colorectal polyps (ICRPs) in miniature dachshunds are recently recognized as a major cause of large bowel diarrhea in this dog breed in Japan. ICRPs are characterized by the formation of multiple small polyps and a space-occupying large polyp in the colorectal area, and are thought to be a novel form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In humans, specific cytokine patterns attributed to T helper (Th)1, Th17 and regulatory T cells have important roles in the pathogenesis of IBD. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the gene expression of cytokines of T cell subsets in the colorectal mucosa from dogs with ICRPs. Colorectal mucosal specimens from 10 dogs with ICRPs and 14 control dogs were used in this study. Interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-17A and IL-10 mRNA expression was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR. IL-17A mRNA expression was significantly increased in large polyps compared to small polyps and controls. IFN-γ and IL-10 mRNA expression in large polyps were significantly higher than in controls. There was no significant difference in IL-4 mRNA expression among the three groups. IL-17A is thought to play important roles in the pathogenesis of ICRPs. IL-10 up-regulation could oppose the proinflammatory function of IL-17A.  相似文献   

A blinded,randomized, placebo‐controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of the Janus kinase inhibitor oclacitinib (Apoquel®) in client‐owned dogs with atopic dermatitis     

Sallie B. Cosgrove  Jody A. Wren  Dawn M. Cleaver  Kelly F. Walsh  Stacey I. Follis  Vickie I. King  Jezaniah‐Kira S. Tena  Michael R. Stegemann 《Veterinary dermatology》2013,24(6):587-e142

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Biochemistry. Anatomy of a fungal polyketide synthase     

Weissman KJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5873):186-187

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