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1.
Besma Sghaier Walid Kriaa Mouna Bahloul Jesús V. Jorrín Novo Noureddine Drira 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
Abscisic acid (ABA), arginine and sucrose were evaluated for their effects on the morphology, germination rates and protein content of date palm somatic embryos (SE). Different concentrations of these supplements in the culture medium were used. The comparative study of SE length and thickness between treated and untreated SE revealed no differences, except for ABA (20 μM), which increased thickness. A decrease of water content (WC) in favor of an increase in dry weight (DW) was observed in all treated SE, especially with sucrose (90 g l−1) and ABA (20 μM). Only ABA (20 and 4 μM) caused a proliferation rate of the cultures higher than those in the control. Although all the tested compounds increased protein content, ABA (20 μM) was more effective in protein enrichment than arginine and sucrose treatments. The SDS-PAGE protein profiles showed a significant difference between treated and untreated SE. A protein band of 22 kDa, identified as glutelin in a previous work, was accumulated after treatment with 20 μM ABA or 3 mM arginine. These findings may contribute to further understanding of the mechanisms involved in the accumulation of specific storage proteins in several plants. 相似文献
2.
Salem Fathallah Mohamed Néjib Medhioub Amel Medhioub Hamadi Boussetta 《Aquaculture Research》2010,42(1):139-146
In this work, we investigated the nutritional status of Ruditapes decussatus juveniles under different rearing conditions, using biochemical indices (RNA/DNA ratio and protein content) and the linear instantaneous growth rate (IGR). Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of starvation, addition of substrate (sand) as rearing support and diet composition on somatic growth and biochemical indices. Results show that biochemical indices of fed juveniles were significantly (P<0.05) higher. Highest RNA/DNA values and protein content were recorded in fed juveniles reared with substrate (P<0.05); conversely, lowest values were recorded in starved ones reared without substrate. In the second experiment, the highest RNA/DNA ratio was recorded in juveniles fed with control algal mixture composed of species commonly used in bivalve nurseries [Isochrysis galbana (clone T-Iso), Chaetoceros calcitrans and Tetraselmis suecica] and lowest in those fed with algal species isolated from Tunisian coasts. This confirms the usefulness of the RNA/DNA ratio and protein content in the clam's nutritional status evaluation. This assay is useful to provide information about the nutritional status and health of the clam in field conditions. 相似文献
3.
A challenge to breeding drought‐tolerant barley in the Middle‐East is that precipitation and evaporative demand patterns dictate opposite water use strategies (conservative vs. risk‐taking). To characterize these strategies, we examined high‐resolution, whole‐plant transpiration rate (TR) responses to increasing vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and nocturnal TR (TRN) dynamics among 25 local barley genotypes, using a novel phenotyping system. These traits were specifically selected because they exist under modalities enabling the expression of both strategies. The genotypes were selected from locations spread across a large aridity gradient represented by temperature and precipitation data spanning 30 years. Here, we uncovered a substantial diversity in TR responses to VPD where slopes of the linear responses correlated negatively with local maximal temperatures, pointing to opposite drought tolerance strategies. Low canopy conductance (low slopes) was associated with higher aridity, likely to enable water‐saving, while higher conductance was associated with wetter areas, likely to enable a more aggressive water use to maximize physiological activity. TRN was highly diverse and represented up to 15% of maximal daytime TR, pointing to the possibility of increasing water‐saving by reducing TRN. Furthermore, we detected pre‐dawn variation in TRN that negatively correlated with local precipitation, indicating that a tighter circadian control is associated with adaptation to drought, consistently with a circadian resonance mechanism. These findings indicate that canopy conductance and TRN are potentially beneficial to design drought‐tolerant barley germplasm adapted to different drought regimes taking place in the Middle‐East. 相似文献
4.
Changes in fatty acids profile,monosaccharide profile and protein content during batch growth of Isochrysis galbana (T.iso) 
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下载免费PDF全文 Asma Gnouma Irina Sadovskaya Anissa Souissi Khaled Sebai Amel Medhioub Thierry Grard Sami Souissi 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(9):4982-4990
To investigate the nutritional value of the marine micro‐alga Isochrysis galbana Tahitian Isochrysis strain (T.iso) as an alternative feed for aquaculture during culture age, its biochemical composition was studied under autotrophic and controlled culture conditions at different growth stages: exponential phase, early and late stationary phases and decay phase. Analysis showed that C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C18:4 (n‐3) and C22:6 (n‐3) were the most abundant fatty acids in this alga at different growth stages. The highest values of monounsaturated fatty acids were recorded at the late stationary and the decay phases. However, the highest levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids were observed at the early stationary phase. At all growth stages, I. galbana (T.iso) contained arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose and glucose. Glucose represented the main sugar, and its content per dry alga biomass weight increased with increasing age of the culture and reached about fourfold in the decay phase. The maximum protein content was also observed during this last phase. 相似文献
5.
Khadija Semhi René Boutin Nallusamy Sivakumar Walid Al Busaidi Abdallah Al Hamdi Khamis Al Dhafri Ahmed Al Busaidi 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2018,229(9):294
A radish and a grass species were grown in identical substrates either unpolluted or polluted by tungsten (W) at 1, 5, and 10 μg/g levels of watering solutions during 1 month under controlled laboratory conditions. Initially, at 4.1 μg/g, the W content in grass leaves reached 16 μg/g at the highest rate of W supply to the substrate. For radish, the content of W reached 22 and 29 μg/g in the leaves and roots, respectively. The overall W pollution increased significantly the mobility of major elements from substrate to grass leaves, especially at the 5 μg/g pollution level, whereas the W impact on radish leaves resulted in an increase of most contents, only Mn remaining unaffected. The roots from polluted radishes were enriched in Si by 21% and Al by 42% at low pollution, and in Si by 15% at high supply, whereas the uptake of the other elements remained unchanged. It looks like the W pollution at the levels chosen does not impact the transfer of the major and trace elements from roots to leaves of Raphanus sativus. Alternatively, metallic trace elements (Ba, Ni, Cr, Zn, W, Co) of the Raphanus sativus and Chloris gayana leaves outline similar content changes depending on the amount of W pollution. The total rare-earth element contents of the leaves of Raphanus sativus grown in the polluted substrates are lower than those of the leaves from unpolluted substrate. Their normalization in the leaves and roots of Raphanus sativus from the polluted substrates to those of the radish from non-polluted substrate provides flat patterns for both with a positive Eu anomaly for leaves, as for those of the grass and a negative Gd anomaly for roots. Also, addition of soluble W to the substrates induced an increase in the bacterial activity of the soil. 相似文献
6.
Suzanne Osorio Lujan Walid Habre Youssef Daali Zhaoxin Pan Peter W. Kronen 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(3):665-675
Objective
To determine the absorption characteristics of fentanyl and buprenorphine administered transdermally in swine.Study design
A randomized comparative experimental trial.Animals
Twenty-four Yorkshire gilts weighing 27.8 ± 2.2 kg (mean ± standard deviation).Methods
Animals were randomly assigned to different doses of transdermal patches (TPs) of fentanyl (50 μg hour?1, 75 μg hour?1 and 100 μg hour?1) or buprenorphine (35 μg hour?1 and 70 μg hour?1), once or twice. Thirteen blood samples were obtained for each TP applied. Plasma concentrations were determined, and the area under the curve, peak serum concentration (Cmax) and time to Cmax were calculated.Results
Fentanyl: Cmax was observed at different time points: for the first TP application: 30 hours for 50 μg hour?1, 6 hours for 75 μg hour?1 and 100 μg hour?1 patches; and for the second TP application: 30 hours for 50 μg hour?1 and 36 hours for 75 μg hour?1 patches. Buprenorphine: serum concentrations were not detected for the 35 μg hour?1 patch; Cmax was observed at different times for the 70 μg hour?1 patch: 18 hours (n = 1), 24 hours (n = 3), 30 hours (n = 1) and 42 hours (n = 1) after application of the first patch and 12 hours after the second patch.Conclusions and clinical relevance
A relevant serum concentration obtained with fentanyl TP dosed at 75 μg hour?1 or 100 μg hour?1suggests that TPs could represent an analgesia option for laboratory pigs weighing 25–30 kg. As concentrations of buprenorphine were variable, this study does not support the use of buprenorphine TPs in pigs. Consecutive fentanyl or buprenorphine TPs did not provide reliable serum concentrations. Further pharmacokinetic studies and analgesiometric tests in swine are needed to confirm the clinical adequacy of TPs. 相似文献7.
Sobhy Nader Maher Mahmmod Yasser S. Refaai Walid Awad Ashraf 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(2):815-821
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Identification of reservoirs and transmission routes of digital dermatitis (DD)-associated Treponema spp. is considered an effective means for controlling DD... 相似文献
8.
Awad Walid S. El-Sayed Amr A. Mohammed Faten F. Bakry Noha M. Abdou Nadra-Elwgoud M. I. Kamel Mohamed S. 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(6):3173-3185
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Escherichia coli field isolates from calves were characterized and categorized into the most significant diarrheagenic pathotypes using polymerase chain... 相似文献
9.
Manel Kammoun Rigane Jean-Charles Michel Khaled Medhioub Philippe Morel 《Compost science & utilization》2013,21(4):226-234
The cocomposting of agricultural waste is a new management priority in Tunisia. In this study, four composts were evaluated by comparing the changes in measured hydrophysical and physicochemical properties and phytotoxicity. The organic wastes used were almond shell (AS), sesame bark (SB), olive husk (OH), and green and wood wastes (GW and WW, respectively). Composts CI and CII were composed of AS/SB and OH/SB, respectively, at a ratio of 75/25 (wet weight basis). CIII consisted of OH, SB and CAS (coarsely-ground almond shell used as a bulking agent) at a ratio of 55/25/20. Finally, CIV was composed of 25%SB+9%CAS+18%GW+48%WW. The composts studied were characterized by basic pH and an electric conductivity (EC) value ranging from 1.6 to 2.4 mS/cm. The organic matter contents (OM) and C/N ratios of composts ranged from 20 to 46% and from 10 to 21%, respectively. Based on hydrophysical analyses, composts CI, CIII and CIV, containing AS, were shown to have a porosity and a water content of 10-26% and 10-20%, respectively. The phytotoxicity of composts was studied on the basis of cress seed germination. Results revealed that differences in properties are mainly related to the nature of composted waste and that some of these composts are compatible for use as constituents in growing media for horticultural soilless cultures. 相似文献
10.
Limited observations of soybean plant response of transpiration rate (TR) to vapor pressure deficit (VPD) have indicated the existence of genotypes with nearly constant TR at high VPD. The range of expression of this trait in a given population within a species has not been explored. To initiate study of this possibility, 22 genotypes from a RIL population derived from a cross of PI 416937 and Benning were characterized for their VPD response. Genotype PI 416937 has been shown to reach a maximum TR at a VPD as low as 2 kPa. Surprisingly, Benning was not found to have a continually increasing TR with VPD, but rather it had a two-segment TR response very similar to PI 416937. Unexpectedly, only one of the studied RILs had a TR response similar to the parents. Thirteen RILs had a continually increasing TR with increasing VPD. Eight RILs reached a maximum TR occurring at VPD of about 1.3 kPa, significantly lower value than that of the parents. While the inheritance of the maximum TR trait is clearly complex, these results offer encouragement that the VPD at which plants limit TR might vary so that the trait can be tailored to maximize potential yield increase in different water-deficit environments. 相似文献