Effects of three methionine sources in diets on temporal B0AT1 and ASCT2 mRNA expression in different intestinal segments of cobia,Rachycentron canadum     

Yuanfa He  Shuyan Chi  Beiping Tan  Xiaohui Dong  Qihui Yang  Hongyu Liu  Shuang Zhang 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2021,52(1):171-183

A 4‐week feeding trial was conducted using five groups of hybrid grouper (61.15 ± 0.15 g) to explore the potential effects of three methionine (Met) sources. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated that included a fishmeal (FM) diet; nonsupplemented (NS) diet; or NS diets with the addition of the L‐methionine (L‐Met), DL‐methionine (DL‐Met), or coated Met (Co‐Met) to obtain the same Met level as the FM diet. Fish were randomly distributed into sea cages (30 fish per cage). Weight gain and specific growth rate in the DL‐Met group and FM group were significantly higher than those in all other groups (p < .05). In the proximal and distal intestines, of the 20 gene and time combinations (10 per gene), there were 14 combinations (70%) in which there were no significant differences in gene expression levels between the FM and DL‐Met groups (p > .05). The main reason for the same growth effect between the DL‐Met and FM groups may be attributed to the synchronized absorption at most time points after feeding, which had similar expression patterns of B⁰AT1 and ASCT2 of the proximal and distal intestines between two groups.  相似文献   

水生动物肌醇营养研究进展     

杨杰  杨奇慧  谭北平  董晓慧  迟淑艳  刘泓宇  章双 《动物营养学报》2015,(3):715-721

肌醇是大多数水生动物保持健康、促进生长发育必需的营养素,它在细胞膜磷脂合成、神经递质传递和肝脏脂质转运等方面发挥重要作用。饲料中肌醇缺乏导致水生动物生长不良、体表充血、鳍条糜烂、体色发黑、脂肪肝等症状。本文综述了肌醇的理化性质,肌醇在水生动物营养中营养生理作用、需要量及影响因素等,同时还介绍了肌醇的来源和测定方法,并展望了肌醇在水生动物营养中进一步的研究和应用方向。  相似文献   

Effects of Dietary Binders on Survival and Growth Performance of Postlarval Tongue Sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis (Günther)     

Feng  Liu  Qinghui  Ai  Kangsen  Mai  Beiping  Tan  Hongming  Ma  Wei  Xu  Wenbing  Zhang  Zhiguo  LiuFu 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2008,39(4):500-509

A 30‐d feeding experiment was conducted in tanks to investigate the effects of four different binders (2% in microdiet) on the survival, growth performance, and specific activity of digestive enzymes in tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther, postlarvae (24 d after hatching, with initial average wet weight of 22.4 ± 6.65 mg [mean ± SD]). Five approximately isonitrogenous and isoenergetic microbound diets were formulated with carrageenan (Car), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMS), sodium alginate (SA), and gelatin (Gel) as binders, and a diet with no special binder as a control. A commercial diet (RQ Com., manufactured by Marubeni Nisshin Feed Co., Ltd., Chita, Japan) was used as another tested diet, and Artemia nauplii was used as live prey control. The results showed that the survival of the fish fed SA diet (31.3%) was significantly higher than that of fish fed CMS (21.8%), Car (10.8%), and control (21.8%) diets (P < 0.05), but significantly lower than that of the fish fed the live prey (54.5%) diet (P < 0.05). The results of growth followed the similar pattern as that of survival, although there were no significant differences in specific growth rate (SGR) among fish fed SA, CMS, Gel, the control, and RQ diets (7.2, 6.8, 7.0, 6.9, and 7.3% per day; P > 0.05). However, fish fed Car diet had a significantly lower SGR (5.9% per day) than fish fed other diets. Percentages of secreted amylase in fish fed artificial diets were not significantly different, but fish fed artificial diets had significantly higher (P < 0.05) secreted amylase than live prey group. Percentage of secreted trypsin in fish fed SA diet (54.9%) was relatively higher compared with other binders, and not significantly different from RQ Com. and live prey treatments. However, trypsin in fish fed Car diets (29.3%) was significantly lower than in other groups. Specific activities of alkaline phosphatase (AP) in the intestine and AP and leucine aminopeptidase N in brush border membranes in fish fed SA diet (264.6, 1882.8, and 187.2 mU/mg protein) were relatively higher compared with other binders. These results indicate that SA is one of suitable binders compared with carrageenan, CMS, and gelatin in microdiet of postlarval tongue sole.  相似文献   

Immune Responses and Resistance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus Induced by Probiotic Bacterium Arthrobacter XE-7 in Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei     

Jiqiu  Li Beiping  Tan  Kangsen  Mai  Qinhui  Ai  Wenbing  Zhang  Zhiguo  Liufu  Wei  Xu 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2008,39(4):477-489

A 63-d feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of probiotic bacterium Arthrobacter XE-7 on immune responses and resistance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei . The probiotic bacteria were administered orally at four different doses of 0, 10⁶, 10⁸, and 10¹⁰ colony-forming unit (CFU)/g feed for shrimp. On Day 50, the shrimp were challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus by bath. On Days 7, 21, 49, and 63, six shrimp per tank were sampled to take intestine and hemolymph. With increasing dietary supplementation of probiotic bacteria, shrimp mortality decreased from 63.16% (the control) to 55.9% (10⁶ CFU/g feed), 51.75% (10⁸ CFU/g feed), and 51.78% (10¹⁰ CFU/g feed), respectively. Vibrio counts in intestine of shrimp fed probiotic bacterium Arthrobacter XE-7 was generally lower than that in the control shrimp ( P  < 0.05). The probiotic bacteria generally increased the immune parameters in shrimp, that is, total hemocyte counts, percentage phagocytosis, respiratory burst activity, and serum phenoloxidase activity. The results showed that probiotic bacterium Arthrobacter XE-7 can be used as probiotic in shrimp feed.  相似文献   

太湖鳜鱼摄食习性的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谭北平 《湖北农学院学报》1994,14(4):36-41

本文详细研究了太湖鳜鱼的食物组成，摄食习性与季节的关系，摄食习性与体长的关系等，并探讨了其在大湖渔业中的地位。研究结果表明，鳜鱼对大湖经济鱼类危害不大，并且能抑制野杂鱼的过度繁殖，因此提出了保护和增殖鳜鱼的主张。本研究还为鳜鱼的人工养殖在饵料选择问题上提供了一定的指导作用。  相似文献   

猕猴桃良种选育及栽培技术的研究——Ⅵ.美味猕猴桃雌花芽分化与结果母枝营养代谢的关系     

朱北平  李顺望 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1993,(5)

观察了美味猕猴桃[Actinidia delicosa(A.Chev.)C.F.Liang et A.R.Fenguson]“东山峰78—16”雌花芽形态分化的各个时期,同时测试了花芽分化期间结果母枝的营养生理代谢.结果表明;美味猕猴桃雌花芽形态分化始于2月下旬,终于5月中旬,结果母枝中的氨基酸总量、蛋白质、可溶性糖和氮、磷,钾等矿质元素以及C/N 比,在花芽形态分化前均不断升高,而进入分化盛期时,则均迅速下降,但结果母枝中的含水量变化不大.在花芽分化过程中,计有17种氨基酸参与代谢.其中含量最高的是谷氨酸,占总量的13.2%,最低的是蛋氨酸,只占0.6%,表明各种氨基酸含量的差异,可能与花芽分化时合成特殊的蛋白质有关.  相似文献   

Replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal in diets for large yellow croaker, Pseudosciaena crocea     

Qinghui Ai  Kangsen Mai  Beiping Tan  Wei Xu  Qingyuan Duan  Hongming Ma  Lu Zhang 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,260(1-4):255-263

A growth experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of replacement of fish meal (FM) by meat and bone meal (MBM) in diets on the growth and body composition of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea). Six isonitrogenous (43% crude protein) and isoenergetic (20 kJ g^− 1) diets replacing 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75% FM protein by MBM protein were formulated. Each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of fish in sea floating cages (1.0 × 1.0 × 1.5 m), and each cage was stocked with 180 fish (initial average weight of 1.88 ± 0.02 g). Fish were fed twice daily (05:00 and 17:30) to apparent satiation for 8 weeks. The water temperature ranged from 26.5 to 32.5 °C, salinity from 32 to 36‰, and dissolved oxygen content was approximately 7 mg l^− 1 during the experimental period. Survival decreased with increasing dietary MBM and the survival in the fish fed the diet with 75% protein from MBM was significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in specific growth rate (SGR) among the fish fed the diets with 0 (the control group), 15, 30 and 45% protein from MBM. However, SGR in the fish fed the diets with 60 and 75% protein from MBM were significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.05). No significant differences in feeding rate were observed among dietary treatments. The digestibility experiment showed that the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter, protein, lipid and energy of MBM were significantly lower compared with those of FM (P < 0.05). Essential amino acid index was found to be correlated positively with SGR in the present study, suggesting that essential amino acid balance was important. Body composition analysis showed that the carcass protein and essential amino acids were not significantly affected by dietary MBM. The lipid and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (n-3 HUFA) in fish muscle, however, significantly decreased with increasing dietary MBM. These results showed that 45% of FM protein could be replaced by MBM protein in diets of large yellow croaker without significantly reducing growth. It was suggested that the reduced growth with higher MBM was due to lower digestibility and imbalance of essential amino acids.  相似文献   

军曹鱼磷需求量的研究     

刘兴旺  谭北平  艾庆辉 《饲料工业》2012,(24):28-31

在基础饲料中分别添加0、0.75%、1.51%、2.26%、3.02%的Ca(H2PO4)2,使饲料中的可利用磷含量分别为0.62%、0.98%、1.1%、1.33%和1.71%,配制出5种等氮等能的饲料。以初始体重(1.80±0.30)g的军曹鱼为对象,在水族箱(300 L)中进行为期8周的摄食生长试验。结果显示,饲料中可利用磷水平从0.62%到1.33%之间各处理组军曹鱼特定生长率(SGR)无显著差异,表明饲料中0.62%的磷可满足军曹鱼生长需要。而当饲料可利用磷水平为1.71%时,军曹鱼SGR与其他处理相比显著下降(P<0.05)。体成分分析结果显示,全鱼脂肪含量随饲料磷水平上升而显著下降(P<0.05),全鱼粗灰分含量则与饲料磷水平呈正相关。  相似文献   

凡纳滨对虾对13种动物性饲料原料营养物质表观消化率的研究     

王文娟  迟淑艳  谭北平  董晓慧  杨奇慧  刘泓宇  杨俊江 《动物营养学报》2012,24(12):2402-2414

本试验以三氧化二钇(Y2O3)为指示剂,由70%的基础饲料和30%的待测原料组成试验饲料,旨在研究凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)对13种动物性饲料原料的营养物质表观消化率。13种动物性饲料原料分别为:白鱼粉(俄罗斯)、低温蒸汽红鱼粉(秘鲁)、国产直火干燥鱼粉、进口直火干燥鱼粉(秘鲁)、下杂鱼粉、血球蛋白粉、烘干血粉、鸡肉粉、肉骨粉、肉粉、酵解羽毛粉、水解羽毛粉和全虾粉。选取初始均重为(13.0±0.1)g的凡纳滨对虾1 260尾,随机分为14组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾虾。各组对虾分别投喂相应试验饲料1周后,采用虹吸法收粪,测定干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总能、总磷和氨基酸的表观消化率。结果表明:13种饲料原料的干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总能、总磷和氨基酸的表观消化率范围分别为58.11%～76.91%、64.17%～93.57%、52.44%～95.62%、43.00%～95.21%、39.11%～76.47%和63.48%～94.06%。各饲料原料的氨基酸表观消化率与粗蛋白质表观消化率变化趋势基本一致。白鱼粉、低温蒸汽红鱼粉和进口直火干燥鱼粉的粗蛋白质表观消化率显著高于其他各饲料原料(P<0.05);酵解羽毛粉、水解羽毛粉和烘干血粉的粗脂肪表观消化率显著低于其他各饲料原料(P<0.05);白鱼粉和进口直火干燥鱼粉的总能表观消化率显著高于其他各饲料原料(P<0.05);白鱼粉、低温蒸汽红鱼粉、国产直火干燥鱼粉和进口直火干燥鱼粉的总磷表观消化率显著高于血球蛋白粉和烘干血粉(P<0.05)。13种动物性饲料原料中白鱼粉的干物质、总能和总磷的表观消化率最高,水解羽毛粉的干物质、粗蛋白质和总能的表观消化率最低,烘干血粉的粗脂肪和总磷的表观消化率最低。由此可见,不同来源和品质的鱼粉的营养物质表观消化率不同;鸡肉粉、肉骨粉、肉粉和全虾粉可作为凡纳滨对虾的优质蛋白质源,在实际生产中可部分替代鱼粉;羽毛粉和血粉由于所采用的加工工艺不同,其营养物质组成有所不同,导致表观消化率有一定的差异,在配制饲料前需对其进行营养价值的评定。  相似文献   

Dietary administration of Bacillus (B. licheniformis and B. subtilis) and isomaltooligosaccharide influences the intestinal microflora,immunological parameters and resistance against Vibrio alginolyticus in shrimp,Penaeus japonicus (Decapoda: Penaeidae)     

Qin Zhang  Beiping Tan  Kangsen Mai  Wenbing Zhang  Hongming Ma  Qinghui Ai  Xiaojie Wang  Zhiguo Liufu 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(7):943-952

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of oral administration of probiotics (Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis) in combination with prebiotic isomaltooligosaccharide (IMO) on the intestinal microflora and immunological parameters of Penaeus japonicus and its resistence against Vibrio alginolyticus. A basal diet was supplemented with 0% probiotics and prebiotic (control), 10⁸ colony forming unit (CFU) g^?1B. licheniformis and 0.2% IMO (T1), 10⁸ CFU g^?1B. subtilis and 0.2% IMO (T2), 10⁸ CFU g^?1B. licheniformis in combination with 10⁸ CFU g^?1B. subtilis and 0.2% IMO (T3). The results showed that the total bacterial counts significantly increased (P<0.05) and Vibrio counts significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the intestine of shrimp with supplementation of dietary synbiotics. Shrimp fed the diet with both Bacillus probiotics and IMO (T3) produced significantly higher immune parameters (phenoloxidase activity, lysozyme activity and nitric oxide synthase activity and superoxide dismutase activity) than the control group (P<0.05). Significant lower cumulative mortality after challenge with V. alginolyticus was also observed in shrimp fed diet with both Bacillus probiotics and IMO (T3) than that in the control group (P<0.05). The results indicated that the oral administration of probiotics (B. licheniformis and B. subtilis) and prebiotic IMO has positive effects on bacterial flora in P. japonicus gut, and can activate non‐specific immunity of shrimp.  相似文献