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1.
Yuanfa He Shuyan Chi Beiping Tan Xiaohui Dong Qihui Yang Hongyu Liu Shuang Zhang 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2021,52(1):171-183
A 4‐week feeding trial was conducted using five groups of hybrid grouper (61.15 ± 0.15 g) to explore the potential effects of three methionine (Met) sources. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated that included a fishmeal (FM) diet; nonsupplemented (NS) diet; or NS diets with the addition of the L‐methionine (L‐Met), DL‐methionine (DL‐Met), or coated Met (Co‐Met) to obtain the same Met level as the FM diet. Fish were randomly distributed into sea cages (30 fish per cage). Weight gain and specific growth rate in the DL‐Met group and FM group were significantly higher than those in all other groups (p < .05). In the proximal and distal intestines, of the 20 gene and time combinations (10 per gene), there were 14 combinations (70%) in which there were no significant differences in gene expression levels between the FM and DL‐Met groups (p > .05). The main reason for the same growth effect between the DL‐Met and FM groups may be attributed to the synchronized absorption at most time points after feeding, which had similar expression patterns of B0AT1 and ASCT2 of the proximal and distal intestines between two groups. 相似文献
2.
滴灌下生物质改良材料对盐渍土水盐氮运移的调控效应 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为探究生物质改良材料对滴灌盐渍土水、盐、肥运移过程的调控效应,采用土箱模拟试验,研究了水肥一体化滴灌条件下,生物炭和腐殖酸两种改良材料对盐渍土水、盐、氮运移和再分布过程及其时空分布特征的影响规律。结果表明:在滴灌条件下,盐渍土壤水盐的时空动态变化表现出明显的水分入渗驱动的盐分运移过程和蒸发扩散驱动的水盐再分布过程;铵态氮含量在时间上表现出先增大、后减小的变化趋势,在空间上的运移再分布特征较弱;硝态氮含量初始时空分布表现出与水盐相似的运移特征,受铵态氮硝化作用的多重影响,后期空间分布与铵态氮空间分布相似;生物炭通过提高土壤饱和导水率,增大了入渗阶段土壤水、盐、氮的运移速率和分布范围;腐殖酸通过提高土壤田间持水率增大了再分布过程土壤水、盐、氮的分布范围和强度,同时其对尿素的水解和硝化过程表现出更强的抑制效果。应用生物质改良材料在改变土壤物理性状进而调控滴灌土壤水盐运移的同时,还影响土壤氮素转化运移过程及其分布,这为水肥一体化滴灌盐渍农田的节水、控盐、减肥治理提供了理论基础。 相似文献
3.
【目的】探究Landsat8 OLI数据和KNN算法在森林蓄积量估测中的潜力。【方法】以湖南省湘潭县为研究区,采用Landsat8 OLI数据和同时期的二类调查数据,通过距离相关系数筛选特征,分别采用线性回归模型(MLR)、K-近邻模型(KNN)、距离加权KNN模型(DW-KNN)和优化欧式KNN模型(FW-KNN)对森林蓄积量进行估测。使用十折交叉方法进行精度检验,对检验结果进行对比分析。【结果】3种KNN模型的估测结果均高于传统的线性模型,并且在3种KNN模型中,FW-KNN算法效果最好,决定系数达到0.69,为3种模型中最高;3种KNN模型中,本研究优化欧氏距离KNN模型的估测精度最高,其均方根误差为30.3%,相比于传统KNN模型的均方根误差降低了5.1%,相比于DW-KNN模型降低了3.3%。【结论】采用DW-KNN蓄积量估测结果明显优于其他两种模型,说明通过特征与蓄积量的相关性优化样本间的距离是一种可行的KNN优化方法。 相似文献
4.
Antimicrobial peptides are a class of proteins with antibacterial functions. In this study, the anti-lipopolysaccharide factor isoform 3 gene (ALFPm3), encoding an antimicrobial peptide from Penaeus monodon with a super activity was expressed in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which would develop a microalga strain that can be used for the antimicrobial peptide production. To construct the expression cluster, namely pH2A-Pm3, the codon optimized ALFPm3 gene was fused with the ble reporter by 2A peptide and inserted into pH124 vector. The glass-bead method was performed to transform pH2A-Pm3 into C. reinhardtii CC-849. In addition to 8 μg/mL zeocin resistance selection, the C. reinhardtii transformants were further confirmed by genomic PCR and RT-PCR. Western blot analysis showed that the C. reinhardtii-derived ALFPm3 (cALFPm3) was successfully expressed in C. reinhardtii transformants and accounted for 0.35% of the total soluble protein (TSP). Furthermore, the results of antibacterial assay revealed that the cALFPm3 could significantly inhibit the growth of a variety of bacteria, including both Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria at a concentration of 0.77 μM. Especially, the inhibition could last longer than 24 h, which performed better than ampicillin. Hence, this study successfully developed a transgenic C. reinhardtii strain, which can produce the active ALFPm3 driven from P. monodon, providing a potential strategy to use C. reinhardtii as the cell factory to produce antimicrobial peptides. 相似文献
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7.
大花君子兰叶绿体基因组及其特征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用Illumina MiSeq测序平台对大花君子兰(Clivia miniata)叶片总DNA进行测序,通过组装获得了其叶绿体基因组(cpDNA)全长序列(158 114 bp)。对其cpDNA注释得到135个基因,包含87个蛋白编码基因、40个tRNA基因和8个rRNA基因。采用生物信息学方法对获得的cpDNA进行简单序列重复(SSR)分析和密码子偏好性分析。结果显示:①大花君子兰cpDNA中共有61个SSR位点,其中单核苷酸、二核苷酸、三核苷酸、四核苷酸、五核苷酸和六核苷酸重复数分别为38、9、2、8、3和1个,多数SSR分布在基因间隔区;②大花君子兰cpDNA密码子偏爱以A或U(T)结尾,亮氨酸使用频率最高,半胱氨酸使用频率最低。基于24种植物的cpDNA全长和23种植物的叶绿体ycf2基因序列进行系统发育分析,结果显示大花君子兰与石蒜科植物在同一分支,显示最近的亲缘关系,支持大花君子兰属于石蒜科。基于叶绿体ycf2的系统发育分析结果与基于cpDNA全长的系统发育分析研究结果大部分相同,支持ycf2基因可以代替cpDNA全长用于植物系统发育分析。 相似文献
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9.
为测定致羔羊脑炎粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis)的生长曲线,寻求一种快速而准确的方法测定不同生长时期粪肠球菌数量,并客观评价其毒性强弱及其对小鼠脑组织的影响,试验采用平板菌落计数法和OD-Monitor振荡比浊法(Dλ值法)测定粪肠球菌的生长曲线,探究该菌在合适时间段内的吸光值(D600 nm)与平板菌落计数法测定的活菌数(CFU)的关系。用粪肠球菌感染小鼠,观察记录小鼠的死亡情况,最后采用Karber法计算粪肠球菌感染小鼠的半数致死量(LD50)。用LD50的剂量感染小鼠,及时采集死亡小鼠脑组织,未死亡的小鼠72 h后全部剖杀取脑组织,一部分做涂片染色,制作病理切片,观察病理变化;一部分进行培养,用于PCR方法进行细菌的回收鉴定。结果显示,用两种方法测定此株粪肠球菌的生长曲线基本一致,在2~8 h生长迅速,为对数生长期,8~14 h生长缓慢,为稳定期,14 h之后死亡数增加,进入衰亡期;对12 h粪肠球菌D600 nm与CFU的关系进行探讨,成功建立回归方程:y=20.769x-1.3422,R2=0.997;其感染小鼠的LD50为7.77×1011个活菌。以此剂量感染小鼠,脑组织涂片染色和培养染色,均能看到革兰氏阳性球菌;PCR结果显示,均出现了大小为112 bp的条带。对脑组织进行病理学观察发现该菌可导致脑组织充血、出血、形成微血栓,脑膜充血。通过生长曲线和其D600 nm与CFU关系的建立,可实时监测粪肠球菌数量,为后期更深入研究粪肠球菌穿越血脑屏障的机制奠定重要的理论基础。 相似文献
10.
l-proline (Pro) is a precursor of ornithine, which is converted into polyamines via ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). Polyamines plays a key role in the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells. The study investigated the effect of Pro on polyamine metabolism and cell proliferation on porcine enterocytes in vivo and in vitro. Twenty-four Huanjiang mini-pigs were randomly assigned into 1 of 3 groups and fed a basal diet that contained 0.77% alanine (Ala, iso-nitrogenous control), 1% Pro or 1% Pro + 0.0167% α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) from d 15 to 70 of gestation. The fetal body weight and number of fetuses per litter were determined, and the small and large intestines were obtained on d 70 ± 1.78 of gestation. The in vitro study was performed in intestinal porcine epithelial (IPEC-J2) cells cultured in Dulbecco''s modified Eagle medium-high glucose (DMEM-H) containing 0 μmol/L Pro, 400 μmol/L Pro, or 400 μmol/L Pro + 10 mmol/L DFMO for 4 d. The results showed that maternal dietary supplementation with 1% Pro increased fetal weight; the protein and DNA concentrations of the fetal small intestine; and mRNA levels for potassium voltage-gated channel, shaker-related subfamily, member 1 (Kv1.1) in the fetal small and large intestines (P < 0.05). Supplementing Pro to either gilts or IPEC-J2 cells increased ODC protein abundances and polyamine concentrations in the fetal intestines and IPEC-J2 cells (P < 0.05). In comparison with the Pro group, the combined administration of Pro and DFMO reduced the expression of ODC protein and spermine concentration in the fetal intestine, as well as the concentrations of putrescine, spermidine and spermine in IPEC-J2 cells (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the percentage of cells in the S-phase and the mRNA levels of proto-oncogenes c-fos and c-myc were increased in response to Pro supplementation, whereas depletion of cellular polyamines with DFMO increased tumor protein p53 (p53) mRNA levels (P < 0.05). Taken together, dietary supplementation with Pro improved fetal pig growth and intestinal epithelial cell proliferation via enhancing polyamine synthesis. 相似文献