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1.
Efficacy of tulathromycin in the treatment and prevention of natural outbreaks of bovine respiratory disease in European cattle 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Godinho KS Wolf RM Sherington J Rowan TG Sunderland SJ Evans NA 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2005,6(2):122-135
The efficacy of tulathromycin in the treatment (phase 1) and prevention (phase 2) of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) was evaluated on commercial farms in France, Germany, Italy, and Spain. In phase 1, commingled cattle with clinical BRD were treated with tulathromycin (n = 128) or florfenicol (n = 125) on day 0. Similar percentages of animals showed sustained clinical improvement at day 14 (tulathromycin 83.3% versus florfenicol 81.0%) and had not relapsed by day 60 (tulathromycin 63.3% versus florfenicol 58.4%). In phase 2, healthy in-contact cattle were treated with tulathromycin (n = 492), tilmicosin (n = 494), or saline (n = 265) on day 0. Significantly more (P = .0001) tulathromycin-treated cattle remained healthy to day 14 (92.4%) than tilmicosin-treated (83.7%) or saline-treated (63.7%) cattle, and this was maintained through day 60 (tulathromycin 85.4% versus tilmicosin 75.1% and saline 56.2%). Tulathromycin was highly effective in the treatment and prevention of BRD. 相似文献
2.
Chang SC Chen HF Chou MH Wang HC Su HY Wong ML 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2010,8(4):302-309
Four types of globins for oxygen transport are known in vertebrates, and the haemoglobin is responsible for carrying oxygen in blood. In this study, we found that haemoglobin was also expressed in canine mammary glands. Samples were taken from 26 malignant mammary tumors, 16 normal mammary glands and 10 other normal tissues. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), immunoblotting and mass spectrometry were used to investigate haemoglobin in mammary tissues. The results indicated that normal canine mammary glands expressed high levels of haemoglobin protein as shown by Coomassie blue staining. The identity of haemoglobin was confirmed by immunoblotting and mass spectrometry, and the mass spectrometry data revealed that both alpha-haemoglobin and beta-haemoglobin were expressed. Relative to normal mammary glands, the levels of haemoglobin expression in mammary tumors were lower. Our results also indicated that the haemoglobin was endogenously produced in mammary gland tissues and was not derived from the erythroid cells. 相似文献
3.
Danyi S Widart J Douny C Dang PK Baiwir D Wang N Tu HT Tung VT Phuong NT Kestemont P Scippo ML 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2011,34(2):142-152
Determination and kinetics of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in Tra catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) and giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) using a liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 34, 142-152. The fluoroquinolones enrofloxacin (EF) and ciprofloxacin (CF) residues were investigated in the edible tissues of two important Asian aquacultured species such as Tra catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) and giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) using a sensitive liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method. Fish and prawn were treated with medicated feed with multiple doses of EF, in field conditions. A validation study of the analytical method was realized in terms of linearity, specificity, precision (repeatability and within-laboratory reproducibility), recovery and decision limit (CCα). The time needed before the antibiotic disappears from animal tissues or reach the maximum residue limit (MRL, 100μg/kg) was assessed. The concentration values of EF detected in Tra catfish tissue were between the MRL and 2×MRL concentrations, according to the fish density, 7days following the end of the enrofloxacin treatment (20mg/kg body weight per day, for seven consecutive days). The concentration value of ER in prawn tissue was lower than the MRL and the limit of quantification (LOQ, 14μg/kg) 5 and 7days after the stop of the EF treatment (50mg/kg body weight per day, for five consecutive days), respectively. The mean detected levels of CF was much lower in comparison with that of EF, indicating that only a small part of EF is metabolized into CF (<5%) in both Tra catfish and prawn. 相似文献
4.
Thomson GR Perry BD Catley A Leyland TJ Penrith ML Donaldson AI 《The Veterinary record》2006,159(2):53-57
The current system for the certification of internationally traded animal commodities can act as a barrier to developing countries accessing high-value international markets. In this Viewpoint article, Gavin Thomson and colleagues discuss the situation as it stands and identify inconsistencies with respect to the certification process. They suggest ways to address the lack of capacity for credible certification in some developing countries that will encourage market access for livestock commodities. They emphasise the role of mechanisms other than demonstrating that an area of production is free from a range of animal diseases, arguing that this could be of significant benefit to developing regions and countries, but that a reliable and independent system of certification based on international standards is essential. 相似文献
5.
A retrospective case-series study evaluated the prognosis of 853 dogs with acute kidney injury (AKI) based on the RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss and End-stage renal failure) criteria, derived from human medicine. The 30-day mortality of dogs with AKI in each class was found to be 23.8 per cent (40 of 168) dogs for Risk, 41.0 per cent (107 of 261) dogs for Injury and 78.5 per cent (333 of 424) dogs for Failure. Using the dogs in the Risk class as the reference, the mortality of dogs in either the Injury or Failure class was significantly higher than that of dogs in the Risk class (P<0.05). The longest median survival time was observed in the Risk class (nine days) and the shortest median survival time was observed in the Failure class (three days). Using a multiple logistic regression model, a new score that simultaneously considered RIFLE class, diarrhoea status and serum phosphorus level was calculated to predict prognosis. Evaluation using the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC) indicated that the new scoring method (AUROC 0.80) was a better prognostic indicator than using RIFLE criteria alone (AUROC 0.73). 相似文献
6.
Vimont A Vernozy-Rozand C Montet MP Bavai C Fremaux B Delignette-Muller ML 《Veterinary microbiology》2007,123(1-3):274-281
Cattle are an important reservoir for STEC and eating food contaminated with fecal material is a frequent source of human STEC infection. It is thus essential to reliably determine the prevalence of STEC contamination in cattle. Currently, different enrichment protocols are used before the detection of Shiga-Toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in fecal samples. However, there have not been any studies performed that have compared the effectiveness of these various enrichment protocols for the growth of non-O157 STEC in fecal samples. The objective of this present study was to characterize the effects of different enrichment factors on the simultaneous growth of the feces background microflora (BM) and two non-O157 STEC strains. The different factors studied were the basal medium (TSB and EC), the effect of novobiocin in the broth (N+ or N-) and the incubation temperature (37 or 40 degrees C). The BM and STEC growth data were simultaneously fitted by using a competitive growth model. The STEC final levels obtained after 24h were higher for the protocols with novobiocin and/or EC compared to the others. However, novobiocin inhibited the growth of one STEC strain. We observed that the addition of novobiocin into broths is not advisable for optimal growth conditions. Moreover, given high BM and low STEC levels often observed in feces, predictions made with the growth model highlighted that false negative results could more likely appear with protocols using TSB without novobiocin than with protocols using EC. In conclusion, the use of EC broth in enrichment protocols seems to be more appropriate for detecting non-O157 STEC from bovine fecal samples. This can help avoid false negative results that cause an underestimation of the STEC prevalence in cattle. 相似文献
7.
This report describes an invasive mammary carcinoma with a rare distinctive feature characterized by sebaceous differentiation of tumor cells. This tumor occurred in a 10-year-old female mixed breed dog. The patient had two masses in the left fifth mammary gland. Grossly, the masses were firm, whitish to light brown, and superficially ulcerated. On cut surface, they were multilobulated with foci of necrosis. Microscopically, the tumors were composed of two distinctive neoplastic components, intraductal papillary adenocarcinoma and sebaceous carcinoma. The regions of sebaceous tumor were clumped separately, contained well-developed sebaceous cells and keratinized epithelial cells, and were surrounded by few to several layers of basaloid cells. The cells with abundant foamy cytoplasm that resembled sebaceous cells were also found within the intraductal papillary-like nests of mammary carcinoma, providing evidence of sebaceous metaplasia. Sebaceous differentiation in a mammary gland tumor is possible, because skin appendages and ductal apparatus of the mammary gland share a common anlagen. This tumor had an aggressive behavior with lymphatic metastasis. Consequentially, the dog had a poor prognosis. 相似文献
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9.
Slip-rate measurements on the Karakorum Fault may imply secular variations in fault motion 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Chevalier ML Ryerson FJ Tapponnier P Finkel RC Van Der Woerd J Haibing L Qing L 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5708):411-414
Beryllium-10 surface exposure dating of offset moraines on one branch of the Karakorum Fault west of the Gar basin yields a long-term (140- to 20-thousand-year) right-lateral slip rate of approximately 10.7 +/- 0.7 millimeters per year. This rate is 10 times larger than that inferred from recent InSAR analyses ( approximately 1 +/- 3 millimeters per year) that span approximately 8 years and sample all branches of the fault. The difference in slip-rate determinations suggests that large rate fluctuations may exist over centennial or millennial time scales. Such fluctuations would be consistent with mechanical coupling between the seismogenic, brittle-creep, and ductile shear sections of faults that reach deep into the crust. 相似文献
10.
Zanella G Bar-Hen A Boschiroli ML Hars J Moutou F Garin-Bastuji B Durand B 《Zoonoses and public health》2012,59(Z2):170-178
In early 2001, Mycobacterium bovis infection was confirmed in red deer (RD) (Cervus elaphus) shot in Normandy region, France. An epidemiological survey conducted during the following hunting season in two connected forests confirmed the occurrence of the disease in both free-ranging RD and wild boar (WB) (Sus scrofa). This was the first detected bovine tuberculosis outbreak in wildlife in France. We present a simple deterministic age-structured model of the within- and between-species M.?bovis transmission in RD and WB populations that distinguishes direct transmission (horizontal and pseudo-vertical) and indirect transmission through contaminated offal left behind by hunters. Results issued from the epidemiological surveys conducted in Normandy forests were used to estimate transmission parameters. Because data for RD and WB populations were not available, population sizes at demographic equilibrium were estimated and used to run the model. We qualitatively tested different control measure scenarios with our model, considering different mortality rates and offal harvesting, to determine which ones affect the success of infection control. The most realistic control scenario would combine the total depopulation of RD and good compliance with offal harvesting, because the model suggests that infected offal left by hunters represents the main transmission source of M.?bovis in the field. 相似文献