排序方式： 共有4条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1
1.
Luzia Rast Shing Lee Sonevilay Nampanya Jenny-Ann L. M. L. Toribio Syseng Khounsy Peter A. Windsor 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(2):539-546
This study was completed to determine the prevalence and distribution of Toxocara vitulorum infection in cattle and buffalo calves and investigate its clinical impact in northern Lao PDR (Peoples Democratic Republic). The results aim to assist decisions on disease control measures that can contribute to increasing cattle and buffalo productivity within smallholder farming systems in tropical areas. A prevalence survey for T. vitulorum in buffalo and cattle calves aged <3 months was conducted between September 2009 and June 2010 in five provinces of northern Lao PDR using a two-stage sampling technique to select 69 villages and 899 calves, with faecal samples collected and examined for T. vitulorum eggs at a local laboratory. At the time of sampling, data on calf morbidity and anthelmintic treatment was also collected. Factors potentially associated with infection and severity of infection were analyzed at univariable and multivariable levels, using T. vitulorum status (positive/negative) and on the positive calves only, faecal egg count levels as outcome variables. The estimated prevalence of T. vitulorum in northern Lao was 22.6 % (95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.17–0.28), and 76.8 % of villages had at least one positive calf. Province was the only significant (p?<?0.05) variable investigated associated with calf infection status. Species (buffalo) was the only variable significantly (p?<?0.05) associated with higher egg per gram of faeces levels among infected calves. Prevalence in calves aged 1–21 days, the reported prepatent period, was 17.5 % (CI 0.11–0.24). Treatment levels were very low (8.2 %) and if treatment occurred it was mostly unsuccessful. The high and wide spread infection of T. vitulorum in cattle and buffalo calves identified in this survey is likely to result in suboptimal cattle and buffalo productivity. Improved management of T. vitulorum infection in cattle and buffalo calves in northern Lao PDR is indicated to reduce potential negative production impacts and enable more efficient development of large ruminant livestock industry as a pathway from rural poverty for smallholder farmers in northern Lao PDR. In addition to quantifying this disease problem in calves, the conduct of this applied participatory research study provided an important opportunity to improve animal health services by increasing the parasite, large ruminant handling and research knowledge and capacity of government animal health staff and farmers. 相似文献
2.
Significant mortality of large ruminants due to hypothermia in northern and central Lao PDR 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Khounsy S Nampanya S Inthavong P Yang M Khamboungheung B Avery M Bush R Rast L Windsor PA 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(4):835-842
An extreme cold exposure event occurred between March 14th and 19th 2011 in northern and central Lao PDR resulting in a major
mortality of cattle and buffalo. At least six northern and one central province reported losses, involving 46 districts and
1,384 smallholder farmers, with a total of 7,162 cattle and 3,744 buffalo reported to have died in association with cold weather.
Affected animals were observed to shiver, display slow and shallow respiration, lose consciousness and eventually die. Many
deaths occurred at night and were recorded in both sexes and all ages of large ruminants. However, mortalities occurred mostly
in animals that were free-grazing in the forest and natural grassland, and exposed to the cold weather. Some housed animals
that were provided with warmth from shelter and fires and supplementary feed did not die. Samples from dead animals collected
for laboratory analysis confirmed that bacterial or viral pathogens were not present. The cause of the mortality was attributed
to hypothermia, and the economic losses were estimated at USD 2,463,912.00. Xieng Khouang Province reported the most severe
losses with deaths of 4,600 cattle and 1,665 buffalo. At Thong Haihin meteorological station in this province on March 16th
and 17th 2011, minimum temperatures recorded were 6.7°C and 7.5°C and rainfall recorded was 36.6 mm and 61.7 mm, respectively.
This was the first reported extreme cold event in living memory occurring between the end of dry season and beginning of the
wet season in northern Laos. This event is reported in detail as it caused a major loss of wealth for poor smallholder farmers
and indicates that strategies to minimise the impact of extreme cold weather events need to be included in livestock development
extension programmes. 相似文献
3.
4.
Promoting transboundary animal disease risk management via a multiple health and husbandry intervention strategies in upland Lao PDR 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Sonevilay Nampanya Syseng Khounsy Luzia Rast Peter A. Windsor 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(2):439-446
Surveys of smallholder farmer knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) and income were conducted in 2011 and 2012 in five northern provinces of Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR; n?=?200 farmers). Participating villages were classified as either from a livelihood development project (LV; n?=?80 farmers) or a livestock research project that contained both ‘high-intervention’ (HI; n?=?60 farmers) or ‘low-intervention’ (LI; n?=?60 farmers) villages. Farmer training plus a suite of health and productivity interventions were implemented in HI sites; only vaccination was implemented in LI sites, whilst various interventions and limited vaccination were introduced to LV sites. Farmer interviews were conducted with survey questions on socioeconomic variables and KAP of large ruminant health and disease risk management, enabling determination of quantitative and dichotomous qualitative traits and comparison of results from HI, LI and LV villages. The average farmer income from sales of large ruminants in HI was USD 621, in LI was USD 547 and in LV was USD 225 (p?<?0.001). The predicted mean of total knowledge scores (/42) in the 2012 survey in HI was 28, in LI was 22 and in LV was 17 (p?<?0.001). We conclude that improved KAP of large ruminant health and production can be achieved by intensive training, although with some farmers yet to apply their knowledge on husbandry and biosecurity practices, continued learning support and closed linkage of research and development projects to improve extension capacity is recommended. This multiple participatory approach promoting biosecurity in addition to vaccination may provide a more sustainable pathway for the advancement of Lao PDR on the Progressive Control Pathway for foot and mouth disease control. 相似文献
1