Colour Flow Mapping examination: An useful screening test for the early diagnosis of ductus venosus patency in canine newborns          下载免费PDF全文

Monica Melandri  Gabriele Barella  Giulio Aiudi  Giovanni Michele Lacalandra  Salvatore Alonge 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(5):1130-1135

Ductus venosus (DV) closure plays a key role in hepatic circulation adaptation to postnatal metabolic function, and DV patency might develop a congenital portosystemic shunt (CPSS). The noninvasive Color Flow Mapping (CFM) examination, a validated method to diagnose CPSS in adult dogs, is routinely performed to assess DV closure after birth in humans. This study aimed to describe the feasibility of the ultrasonographic evaluation of the DV after birth and to determine its closure time in healthy Great Dane neonates. Patency of DV in serial Color Flow Mapping (CFM) examinations and bodyweight (BW) were recorded on Days 0‐3‐6‐9 in 24 neonates that were classified as having patent (PDV) or closed ductusvenosus (CDV) basing on CFM signal presence/absence. Since the 3rd day, DV diameter was recorded. Data were analysed by ANOVA (p < 0.05). All dogs resulted healthy 1 year later. The number of PDV and CDV puppies at birth was not different on Day 3 (24 and 0 vs. 22 and 2, PDV and CDV, respectively), whereas it resulted different on Days 6 (24 and 0 vs. 14 and 10) and 9 (24 and 0 vs. 0 and 24); on Day 3, it was different compared to Days 6 and 9; on Day 6, it was different from Day 9. Reduction of DV diameter resulted positively related to neonatal BW growth. The CFM evaluation of DV closure after birth in Great Dane puppies represents a feasible technique. Present results suggest the time of functional closure in normal neonates within 9 days after birth. Thus, CFM examination, as an early screening test for DV patency evaluation, performed 10 days after birth, may identify suspicious dogs at risk that would require further investigations. Further studies are needed to deepen the role of a delayed closure in low bodyweight and preterm puppies.  相似文献   

Nasopharyngeal Dimensions From Computed Tomography of Pugs and French Bulldogs With Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome          下载免费PDF全文

Dorothee Heidenreich  Gabriele Gradner  Sibylle Kneissl  Gilles Dupré 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2016,45(1):83-90

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Co-Infection with Multiple Variants of Canine Parvovirus Type 2 (CPV-2)     

Battilani  M.  Gallina  L.  Vaccari  F.  Morganti  L. 《Veterinary research communications》2007,31(1):209-212

Veterinary Research Communications - Battilani, M., Gallina, L., Vaccari, F. and Morganti, L., 2007. Co-infection with multiple variants of canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2). Veterinary Research...  相似文献   

Comparison of different European rainbow trout populations under intensive production conditions     

Sabina Morkramer  Gabriele Hörstgen-Schwark  H.J. Langholz 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1985,44(4):303-320

Growth and carcass quality of European rainbow trout populations were compared in a full sib family test over five experimental periods. In total, 131 full-sib families of 17 different populations, (i.e. 19 500 fish), were included. A special system for family testing in trout was developed. This consisted of separate hatching of single pair matings, separate rearing of families up to marketable size and common fattening under two stocking densities. Thus, growth was studied separately for the rearing and the fattening period. The observed differences in rearing and fattening weight between and within populations were quite distinct and of significance for production and breeding efficiency. Similar ranking of populations after fattening in different years and under different stocking densities indicated that the final weight was highly genetically controlled. Carcass characteristics determined at marketable size showed somewhat smaller differences between populations. Populations with the highest fattening weight did not generally produce the most valuable carcasses. The results are discussed with respect to their impact on breeding strategies.  相似文献   

Improving cereal grain carbohydrates for diet and health   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Domenico Lafiandra  Gabriele Riccardi  Peter R. Shewry 《Journal of Cereal Science》2014

Starch and cell wall polysaccharides (dietary fibre) of cereal grains contribute to the health benefits associated with the consumption of whole grain cereal products, including reduced risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer. The physiological bases for these effects are reviewed in relation to the structures and physical properties of the polysaccharides and their behaviour (including digestion and fermentation) in the gastro-intestinal tract. Strategies for modifying the content and composition of grain polysaccharides to increase their health benefits are discussed, including exploiting natural variation and using mutagenesis and transgenesis to generate further variation. These studies will facilitate the development of new types of cereals and cereal products to face the major health challenges of the 21st century.  相似文献   

Bodenmikrobiologische Prozesse und Testaceen (Protozoa) als Indikatoren für Schwermetallbelastung     

Ellen Kandeler  Gabriele Lüftenegger  Sigrid Schwarz 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1992,155(4):319-322

Soil microbial processes and Testacea (Protozoa) as indicators of heavy metal pollution The influence of the emissions from a copper smelter on soil microbial processes was investigated at 4 meadow sites along a concentration gradient in Brixlegg (Austria). The first site is within 300 m of the source, further sites are situated 1125 m, 2425 m and 5900 m from the smelter. Heavy metal pollution close to the smelter induced a decrease of microbial biomass, respiration, dehydrogenase activity and the related enzyme activities in soil samples (5–10 cm soil depth): Protease, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulfatase, actual and potential nitrification. Thus, soil microbial processes in the 5–10 cm layer appear to be directly affected by heavy metals. Regarding the testate amoebae, their low individual and species numbers at 5–10 cm soil depth obstruct clear trends of this animal group. However, comparing the heavy polluted site with the control area, abundances, species numbers and biomass of testate amoebae slightly decreased at the polluted site (5–10 cm). Contrary to the results in the 5–10 cm layer, most soil microbial processes as well as abundances, species numbers and biomass of testaceans in the upper soil (0–5 cm) seem to be more strongly influenced by the supply of organic substrate than by the content of heavy metals in the soil.  相似文献   

Systemwachstum und Produktwachstum bei Weizen und Ölrettich     

Hans Linser  Gabriele Lach  Liane Titze 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1968,121(3):199-211

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Soil organic matter beyond molecular structure Part I: Macromolecular and supramolecular characteristics     

Gabriele E. Schaumann 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2006,169(2):145-156

This contribution reviews and discusses structural aspects of soil organic matter (SOM) and humic substances (HS) with special respect to the macromolecular and the supramolecular view. It can be concluded that (1) dissolved humic acids behave as supramolecular associations of relatively small molecules with an enormous flexibility of reaction of environmental conditions, (2) multivalent cations may increase the apparent molecular weight by the formation of coordinative crosslinks in dissolved and undissolved natural organic matter (NOM), (3) sorption nonlinearity in solid humic acids and SOM may be due to polymer properties of NOM, (4) sorbates affect sorbent characteristics of SOM, and (5) hysteresis and conditioning effects in SOM can up to now best be explained with the polymer analogy. A distinct polydispersivity of SOM over a wide range of molecular masses is to be assumed. The supramolecular and the macromolecular models were derived from humic acids with different composition and on the basis of different sample states. Although the supramolecular model has not explicitely been shown for unfractionated DOM, the combination of all discussed studies suggests supramolecular as well as macromolecular characteristics of NOM. Neither macromolecules nor small molecules can be fully excluded in solid and dissolved SOM. Microregions with different properties provide different types of sorption sites. SOM is suggested to be regarded as amorphous material. This point of view is not restricted to high molecular masses and may supplement our understanding of SOM by the model of physical aging.  相似文献   

Occurrence of zearalenone-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside in wheat     

Schneweis I  Meyer K  Engelhardt G  Bauer J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(6):1736-1738

An LC-MS method was developed for the analysis of zearalenone-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside and zearalenone in wheat (Triticum aestivum). The limit of determination for zearalenone-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside and zearalenone was 10 microg/kg. The recovery rates were calculated to be 69% and 89% at a concentration of 100 microg/kg for zearalenone-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside and zearalenone, respectively. Twenty-four Bavarian wheat samples from a 1999 harvest were analyzed. Zearalenone was present in 22 of 24 field samples, the levels ranged from 11 to 860 microg/kg. Zearalenone-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside was found in 10 of the zearalenone positive samples (42%) at levels ranging from 17 to 104 microg/kg. The amounts of zearalenone-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside were correlated to those of zearalenone (r2 = 0.86, b = 0.10). After gastrointestinal hydrolyzation, zearalenone-4-beta-glucopyranoside might be implicated in the development of a zearalenone-syndrome. Therefore, more attention should be focused on conjugated mycotoxins in food and feed.  相似文献   

Biochar as a strategy to sequester carbon and increase yield in durum wheat     

F.P. Vaccari  S. Baronti  E. Lugato  L. Genesio  S. Castaldi  F. Fornasier  F. Miglietta 《European Journal of Agronomy》2011,34(4):231-238

Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils is a climate change mitigation option since most of cultivated soils are depleted of soil organic carbon and far from saturation. The management practices, most frequently suggested to increase soil organic carbon content have variable effects depending on pedo-climatic conditions and have to be applied for a long time periods to maintain their sink capacity. Biochar (BC), a carbon rich product obtained through carbonization of biomass, can be used for carbon sequestration by applying large amounts of carbon very resistant to decomposition. The BC remains into soil for a long time and there is evidence that the BC stores atmospheric carbon from centennial, to millennial timescales. However most of the agronomic studies on BC application have been made in tropical and sub-tropical climates, while there is a substantial lack of studies at mid-latitudes and in temperate climates. This paper presents the results on an investigation of large volume application of BC (30 and 60 t ha^?1) on durum wheat in the Mediterranean climate condition, showing the viability of BC application for carbon sequestration on this crop. BC application also has positive effects up to 30% on biomass production and yield, with no differences in grain nitrogen content. Moreover no significant differences between the two BC treatments were detected, suggesting that even very high BC application rates promote plant growth and are, certainly, not detrimental. The effect of the biochar on durum wheat was sustained for two consecutive seasons when BC application was not repeated in the second year.  相似文献