赖氨酸发酵蛋白粉的营养价值评定及其在生长肥育猪上的应用效果研究     

赵叶  陈代文  余冰  曾秋凤  吴秀群 《饲料博览》2009,(7):43-43

本研究分为2个试验,试验I评定赖氨酸发酵蛋白粉在生长猪上的营养价值;试验2研究赖氨酸发酵蛋白粉等蛋白质替代豆粕对生长肥育猪生长、胴体性状和肉品质的影响。试验1：选用（25.0±1.1）妇杜×长×大三元杂交猪12头进行消化代谢试验,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪,分别饲喂无氮日粮和以赖氨酸发酵蛋白粉作为唯一蛋白质源的试验日粮,预试期4d,正试期4d。试验2：选用（41.7±3.9）kg杜×长×大三元杂交猪100头进行饲养试验,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复5头猪。I组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组分别为饲喂赖氨酸发酵蛋白粉等蛋白质替代10％、25％、50％豆粕的试验日粮,体重达100kg左右结束。消化代谢试验结果表明：赖氨酸发酵蛋白粉消化能为12.85MJ·kg^-1,代谢能为11.80MJ·kg^-1。总氨基酸含量为47.38％,总氨基酸的回肠表观消化率、真消化率分别为66.95％和70.52％,赖氨酸和蛋氨酸的回肠表现消化率、真消化率分别为72.00％、75.14％和59.37％、64.52％。试验结果表明：与对照组相比,在生长期和全期,Ⅳ组平均日增重显著降低（P〈0.05）,料重比显著升高（P〈0.05）;在肥育期,Ⅳ组平均日采食量显著增加（P〈0.05）,料重比显著升高（P〈0.05）,生长期和肥育期,Ⅳ组氮消化率、氮生物学效价显著降低（P〈0.05）。Ⅳ组背膘厚显著增加（P〈0.05）,眼肌面积和肌肉保水能力显著降低（P〈0.05）。由此得出,与豆粕相比,赖氨酸发酵蛋白粉的粗蛋白质和脂肪含量较高,非蛋白氮比例大,氨基酸消化率低。蛋白质替代10％和25％豆粕对40-100kg的生长肥育猪生产性能、胴体性状和肉品质均无影响,可作为饲粮中的新型蛋白质原料。  相似文献   

Use of Diet Crossover to Determine the Effects of β‐glucan Supplementation on Immunity and Growth of Nile Tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus     

Thomas L. Welker  Chhorn Lim  Mediha Yildirim‐Aksoy  Phillip H. Klesius 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2012,43(3):335-348

Juvenile Nile tilapia were fed either a basal (control) diet (n = 6 aquaria) or a diet supplemented with 1 g/kg β‐glucan (n = 24 aquaria) for 4 wk. At the end of this period, fish receiving β‐glucan were continued on the same diet (n = 12 aquaria) or switched to the control diet (n = 12 aquaria) for 2 wk. After 6 wk, tilapia continuously fed the β‐glucan supplemented diets had improved weight gain and feed efficiency than those fed the control diet uninterrupted or switched from the β‐glucan diet to the control after 4 wk. Feeding tilapia β‐glucan for 4 wk and then switching to the basal diet for 2 wk caused a significant increase in the respiratory burst of polymorphonuclear lymphocytes (17.77 × 10³ units/1000 white blood cells [WBC]) compared to catfish fed the control diet (13.50 × 10³ units/1000 WBC) or the β‐glucan diet continuously (13.57 × 10³ units/1000 WBC), but other immune parameters were unaffected. Tilapia were then challenged with Streptococcus iniae. The two groups were divided again (n = 6 aquaria) postchallenge and continued on the same diet or switched to the other diet (β‐glucan or control) for another 3 wk. No differences in survival to S. iniae infection occurred between dietary groups.  相似文献   

Influence of growing season and donor plant age on anther culture response of some pepper cultivars (Capsicum annuum L.)     

Nurgül Ercan  Funda A. SensoyA. Sırrı Sensoy 《Scientia Horticulturae》2006

The effects of growing season and donor plant age on anther culture in Capsicum were investigated. Pepper cultivars Kekova and Sera Demre 8 were grown under unheated greenhouse conditions in winter season and field conditions in summer season. Flower buds were collected and cultured in weekly intervals from November to May in winter and from April to December in summer. The results of this study indicated that anthers from these two pepper genotypes gave different embryogenic response to seasonal effects. Kekova cultivar gave the highest embryogenic yield in summer season while this was occurred in winter season for Sera Demre 8 cultivar. The results of the study revealed that the effect of donor plant age was also an important factor in anther culture of pepper. Since 4-month-old plants gave the highest embryo yield in both cultivars in each seasons, it is possible to say that anthers collected from old plants have sufficient embryogenic response when the optimum developmental stage is selected.  相似文献   

Electrical stimulation of lumbar spinal nerve roots in dogs     

Erkut Turan  Cengiz Unsal  Mehmet Utkan Oren  Omer Gurkan Dilek  Ismail Gokce Yildirim  Murat Sarierler 《Veterinary research communications》2014,38(3):229-235

The aim of this study was to test the applicability of electrical stimulation of lumbar spinal nerve roots and obtain normative electrical root stimulation (ERS) data for L7 nerve root and sciatic nerve in dogs. For that purpose ERS and sciatic nerve stimulations were performed consecutively, in totally 40 healthy dogs. ERS was applied in the L7/S1 intervertebral space via monopolar needle electrodes. Muscle responses were recorded from the gastrocnemius muscles on the left and right hind limbs. Sciatic nerve stimulation was performed at the greater trochanter level on the left hind limb, with records obtained from the left gastrocnemius muscle. Mean root latencies of the left and right side were 5.22?±?0.49 ms and 5.29?±?0.53 ms, respectively. There was no significant difference in root latency between the right and left sides. The mean terminal latency was 3.82?±?0.46 ms. The proximal motor nerve conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve was 63.15?±?3.43 m/s. The results of this study show that ERS provides objective data about the integrity of lumbar spinal nerve roots by evaluating the entire population of motor fibres and total length of the motor axon in dogs. ERS can be considered a useful diagnostic method for confirmation of diagnoses of lumbosacral diseases.  相似文献   

Feed deprivation of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), influences organosomatic indices, chemical composition and susceptibility to Flavobacterium columnare     

Shoemaker CA  Klesius PH  Lim C  Yildirim M 《Journal of fish diseases》2003,26(9):553-561

Withholding feed has been suggested as a strategy to manage infectious disease of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque). In a previous study, we demonstrated that deprivation of feed for as little as 7 days reduced innate resistance of catfish to Flavobacterium columnare. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding regimens [no feeding (NF), fed once every other day to satiation (FEOD) and fed once daily to satiation (FD)] on organosomatic indices, physiological changes and susceptibility of channel catfish to F. columnare. Fish that were not fed for 2 and 4 weeks had a significant increase (P < 0.05) in gutted weight:-wet weight ratio and decrease in other organosomatic indices [gut index (GI), mesenteric fat index (MFI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI)]. Haematology was not effected by feeding regimen except at week 4, when a significantly higher haemoglobin level was observed in the NF fish. Serum protein did not differ at week 2, but the level at week 4 of the NF fish (35.91 mg mL(-1)) was significantly lower than that of the FD fish (41.77 mg mL(-1)). Significantly lower (P < 0.05) blood glucose (39.5 and 40.3 mg dL(-1)) and liver glycogen (1.7 and 1.8 mg g(-1)) were seen in the NF fish at weeks 2 and 4, respectively, as compared with blood glucose and liver glycogen levels of FD fish (67.5 and 92.8 mg dL(-1) and 46.5 and 52.6 mg g(-1) at weeks 2 and 4, respectively) and FEOD (82.8 and 85.5 mg dL(-1) and 45.1 and 51.4 mg g(-1) at weeks 2 and 4, respectively). Mortality in the NF fish caused by F. columnare (78%) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than mortality in the FD and FEOD treatments (0.0 and 1.7%, respectively). Blood glucose and liver glycogen showed the same trend of low values for NF fish following challenge (week 6). Blood glucose, liver glycogen, GI and HSI are sensitive indicators for channel catfish deprived of feed (NF) for 4 weeks. Blood glucose and liver glycogen levels around 40 mg dL(-1) and 2 mg g(-1), respectively, are indicative of starvation in juvenile channel catfish. Moreover, NF fish were susceptible to F. columnare infection. Thus, it is suggested that in the absence of natural food, juvenile channel catfish should be fed at least once every other day to apparent satiation to maintain normal physiological function and improve resistance to F. columnare.  相似文献   

Mineral Composition of Leaves and Fruit in Some Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) Genotypes     

F. Yildirim  B. Şan  A. N. Yildirim  M. Polat  S. Ercişli 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2015,57(3):149-152

  相似文献   

Evaluation of perennial wild <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cicer</Emphasis> species for drought resistance     

Cengiz Toker  H. Canci  T. Yildirim 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(8):1781-1786

About 90% of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in the world is grown under rainfed conditions where drought is one of the major constraints limiting its productivity. Unlike the cultivated chickpea, wild Cicer species possesses sources of resistance to multiple stresses; we therefore evaluated perennial wild Cicer species for resistance to drought. C. anatolicum, C. microphyllum, C. montbretii, C. oxydon and C. songaricum were compared with special checks; C. echinospermum, C. pinnatifidum and C. reticulatum and five cultivated chickpeas. After the cultivated chickpeas were killed, accessions were evaluated using a 1–5 scale, where 1 = highly drought resistant (no visible drought effect and full recovery after three successive wiltings) and 5 = highly drought susceptible (leaves and branches dried out, no recovery at all). All accessions of perennial wild Cicer species were significantly superior to those annual wild species and the cultivated chickpeas including the best drought tolerant chickpea, ICC 4958 under drought conditions. Perennial wild Cicer species did not only recover after wilting and drying out above ground level, they also tolerated high temperatures up to 41.8°C. But, they do not cross with the cultivated chickpeas. C. anatolicum should be taken account in long term breeding programs because it has closer affinities to the first crossability group than the others.  相似文献   

Detection of phloridzin in strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) by HPLC-PDA-MS/MS and NMR spectroscopy     

Hilt P  Schieber A  Yildirim C  Arnold G  Klaiber I  Conrad J  Beifuss U  Carle R 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(10):2896-2899

The phenolic profile of strawberry fruits (Fragaria x ananassa Duch., Rosaceae) was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection. A peak displaying retention time and UV spectral data identical to those of phloridzin (phloretin 2'-O-beta-d-glucoside), a dihydrochalcone glucoside so far considered characteristic of apples, was monitored. For further characterization, crude extracts of strawberries were purified on polyamide, and the target compound was isolated by preparative and analytical HPLC. Structure elucidation was performed on the basis of APCI- and ESI-MS in the negative ion mode as well as by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy using authentic phloridzin for comparison. The d-configuration of the sugar moiety was established by HPLC analysis of the corresponding acyclic 1-deoxy-1-(N-acetyl-alpha-methylbenzylamino)alditol acetate. Apart from its chemotaxonomic relevance, this first report on the occurrence of phloridzin in strawberries is of particular interest for the authenticity control of strawberry products such as juices, jams, and fruit preparations since phloridzin has so far been used for the detection of fraudulent admixtures.  相似文献   

Molecular and pathological investigations of EHV-1 and EHV-4 infections in horses in Turkey     

Turan N  Yildirim F  Altan E  Sennazli G  Gurel A  Diallo I  Yilmaz H 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(3):1504-1507

The aim of the present study was to investigate abortion storms that occurred in the Marmara region of Turkey in 2008-2009 using a real-time PCR. Two aborted foetuses were necropsied and histo-pathological findings reported herein. Ten lungs, 3 brains and one nasal swab from 10 aborted foetuses, 6 nasal swabs and 3 vaginal swabs from aborting mares were included in this study. EHV-1 was isolated from the lung, liver and brain of 1 aborted foetus. EHV-1 DNA was detected in the lungs, livers and spleens of 2 necropsied foetuses and in 3 lungs from 10 foetuses submitted for diagnosis. A brain from one of the aborted foetuses was also positive for EHV-1 DNA. EHV-4 DNA was detected only in a nasal swab of one of the tested foetuses. Neither EHV-1 nor EHV-4 DNA was detected in the swabs of aborting mares. Sequence analysis of the glycoprotein B of the strains was performed and a phylogenetic tree was generated. The results indicated that 4 of the 5 Turkish EHV-1 strains (TR02, TR03, TR04 and TR05) clustered together; the fifth strain (TR01) was slightly removed from the group and clustered with other EHV-1 from various origins. Single nucleotide polyporphism (SNP in ORF30) associated with neuropathogenesis was not detected in any of the strains. At necropsy, sub-milier focal necrosis in the liver and spleen was observed. Microscopically, focal coagulation necrosis and marked eosinophilic intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the hepatocytes localised around the necrotic areas in the liver. Severe coagulation necrosis in white pulp of the spleen was also observed.  相似文献   

Genetic basis of penicillin resistance of S. aureus isolated in bovine mastitis     

Arzu Funda Bagcigil  Suvi Taponen  Joanna Koort  Bj?rn Bengtsson  Anna-Liisa Myllyniemi  Satu Py?r?l? 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2012,54(1):69

Background

The blaZ gene encoding penicillin resistance can be located either chromosomally or on plasmids. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic relationships and to determine the location of the blaZ gene in S. aureus isolated in bovine mastitis in Finland and Sweden.

Methods

Seventy-eight β-lactamase positive S. aureus isolates from bovine mastitis (34 from Finland and 44 from Sweden) were included in the study. The localization of blaZ gene was determined by Southern blotting. The blaZ genes of the isolates were sequenced and the sequences were translated to beta-lactamase proteins and further grouped as different protein signatures. The isolates and, as control, 33 Swedish and 36 Finnish beta-lactamase negative isolates were typed with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).

Results

In 26 out of 34 Finnish isolates (76.5%) and in 25 out of 44 Swedish isolates (56.8%) the blaZ gene was localized on a plasmid. Six different protein signatures were found. One signature was found only in four Swedish isolates, but all other signatures were found both in Finnish and Swedish isolates. The PFGE results revealed a diversity of S. aureus clones. The protein signatures were not clearly associated with certain pulsotypes.

Conclusions

The plasmid location of the blaZ gene was not statistically significantly more common in Finland than in Sweden, and hence does not explain the higher proportion of penicillin-resistant isolates of S. aureus causing bovine mastitis in Finland compared to Sweden.  相似文献