Brewery residues as a source of organic carbon in Litopenaeus schmitti white shrimp farms with BFT systems     

Michelle Midori Sena Fugimura  Helaine dos Reis Flor  Emanuela Paula de Melo  Tiago Viana da Costa  Wilson Wasielesky Jr.  Lidia Miyako Yoshii Oshiro 《Aquaculture International》2015,23(2):509-522

  相似文献   

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG SpaC pilin subunit binds to the carbohydrate moieties of intestinal glycoconjugates          下载免费PDF全文

Keita Nishiyama  Shintaro Ueno  Makoto Sugiyama  Yuji Yamamoto  Takao Mukai 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(6):809-815

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is a well‐established probiotic strain. The beneficial properties of this strain are partially dependent on its prolonged residence in the gastrointestinal tract, and are likely influenced by its adhesion to the intestinal mucosa. The pilin SpaC subunit, located within the Spa pili structure, is the most well studied LGG adhesion factor. However, the binding epitopes of SpaC remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the binding properties of SpaC to the carbohydrate moieties of intestinal glycoconjugates using a recombinant SpaC protein. In a competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, SpaC binding was markedly reduced by addition of purified mucin and the mucin oligosaccharide fraction. Histochemical staining revealed that the binding of SpaC was drastically reduced by periodic acid treatment. Moreover, in the surface plasmon resonance‐based Biacore assay, SpaC bound strongly to the carbohydrate moieties containing β‐galactoside at the non‐reducing terminus of glycolipids. We here provide the first demonstration that SpaC binds to the oligosaccharide chains of mucins, and that the carbohydrate moieties containing β‐galactoside at the non‐reducing termini of glycoconjugates play a crucial role in this binding. Our results demonstrate the importance of carbohydrates of SpaC for mucus interactions.  相似文献   

Effects of a high milk intake during the pre‐weaning period on nutrient metabolism and growth rate in Japanese Black cattle          下载免费PDF全文

Atsuko Matsubara  Hideyuki Takahashi  Akira Saito  Aoi Nomura  Khounsaknalath Sithyphone  Christopher D. Mcmahon  Ryoichi Fujino  Yuji Shiotsuka  Tetsuji Etoh  Mitsuhiro Furuse  Takafumi Gotoh 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(9):1130-1136

This study aimed to determine the effects of feeding an increased volume of high‐fat milk during the early post‐natal life on metabolite concentrations in the blood, the expression of key genes regulating intermediary metabolism in the skeletal muscles, and the rate of growth of Japanese Black cattle. All calves were fed a high‐fat milk replacer (crude protein, 26%; crude fat, 25.5%; total dissolved nitrogen, 116%). Control calves (n = 4) were nursed with 500 g milk replacer until 3 months of age, whereas calves in the experimental group (n = 4) were nursed with 1800 g milk replacer until 3 months, and then the volume was gradually reduced until 5 months. Body weight was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group at 7 months. Plasma glucose concentrations were significantly lower in the experimental group. Expression of glucose‐transporter‐4 messenger RNA (mRNA) was lower, whereas that of glucose transporter 1, cluster of differentiation 36, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1b mRNA was significantly higher in the Longissimus thoracis of the experimental group. Nutritional status during early post‐natal life appears to strongly influence the growth rate and glucose and lipid metabolism in Japanese Black cattle.  相似文献   

Histocytological specificities of adrenal cortex in the New World Monkeys, Aotus lemurinus and Saimiri boliviensis     

Toru TACHIBANA  Ken Takeshi KUSAKABE  Sayuri OSAKI  Takeshi KURAISHI  Shosaku HATTORI  Midori YOSHIZAWA  Chieko KAI  Yasuo KISO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(1):161-165

The New World monkey Aotus spp. (night monkeys) are expected for use of valuable experimental animal with the close species of Saimiri spp. (squirrel monkeys). Saimiri is known to show spontaneous hypercortisolemia, although few reports in Aotus. We compared basic states of blood steroid hormones and histological structure of the adrenal glands in two monkeys. Serum cortisol and ACTH levels were statistically lower in Aotus than Saimiri. Conversely, Aotus adrenocortical area showed significant enlargement, especially at the zona fasciculata. Electron microscopic observation at Aotus fasciculata cells revealed notable accumulation of large lipid droplets and irregular shapes of the mitochondrial cristae. These results suggest potential differences in cellular activities for steroidogenesis between Aotus and Saimiri and experimental usefulness in adrenocortical physiology and pathological models.  相似文献   

Impaired female fertility in tubulointerstitial antigen-like 1-deficient mice     

Akihito TAKAHASHI  Ajalli RAHIM  Miki TAKEUCHI  Emiko FUKUI  Midori YOSHIZAWA  Kuniaki MUKAI  Makoto SUEMATSU  Hidetoshi HASUWA  Masaru OKABE  Hiromichi MATSUMOTO 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2016,62(1):43-49

Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 (Tinagl1, also known as adrenocortical zonation factor 1 [AZ-1] or lipocalin 7) is a matricellular protein. Previously, we demonstrated that Tinagl1 expression was restricted to extraembryonic regions during the postimplantation period and detected marked expression in mouse Reichert’s membranes. In uteri, Tinagl1 is markedly expressed in the decidual endometrium during the postimplantation period, suggesting that it plays a physical and physiological role in embryo development and/or decidualization of the uterine endometrium during pregnancy. In the present study, in order to determine the role of Tinagl1 during embryonic development and pregnancy, we generated Tinagl1-deficient mice. Although Tinagl1^–/– embryos were not lethal during development to term, homologous matings of Tinagl1^–/– females and Tinagl1^–/– males showed impaired fertility during pregnancy, including failure to carry pregnancy to term and perinatal lethality. To examine ovarian function, ovulation was induced with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG); the number of ovulated oocytes did not differ between Tinagl1^–/– and Tinagl1^flox/flox. In vitro fertilization followed by embryo culture also demonstrated the normal developmental potential of Tinagl1-null embryos during the preimplantation period. Our results demonstrate that Tinagl1 deficiency affects female mice and results in subfertility phenotypes, and they suggest that although the potential of Tinagl1^–/– oocytes is normal, Tinagl1 is related to fertility in adult females but is not essential for either fertilization or preimplantation development in vitro.  相似文献   

Assessment of rabbit spleen size using ultrasonography     

Takeda Y  Asaoka H  Ueno M  Jimma F  Hidaka M  Shibusawa H  Kaneda K  Saniabadi AR  Hiraishi K  Kashiwagi N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(8):841-842

Assessment of spleen size using the ultrasonography has become a standard practice in human. However, the assessment is not established method in experimental animals. To establish the index to assess the spleen size using ultrasonography, we measured the cross-section image of rabbit spleen during endotoxin shock. The image of the cross-section was appeared as triangle, and the height of the triangular image was defined as the spleen index. This spleen index showed strong correlation with the spleen weight. In conclusion, this method is suitable for observation of changes in rabbit spleen size and may reduce the number of rabbit in the longitudinal studies.  相似文献   

Androgen induces production of male effect pheromone in female goats   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kakuma Y  Ichimaru T  Yonezawa T  Momozawa Y  Hashizume C  Iwata E  Kikusui T  Takeuchi Y  Ohkura S  Okamura H  Mori Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(4):829-834

Previously we showed that the primer pheromone responsible for the "male effect" was produced in specific skin regions of castrated male goats by androgen treatments. In the present study, we examined whether androgen can also induce production of the male effect pheromone in female goats. Capsules containing dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or testosterone (T) were subcutaneously implanted into six ovariectomized (OVX) goats for 28 days. Small skin samples were collected from the head and rump regions, and the pheromone activity of their ether extracts was examined using a bioassay that monitors the electrophysiological manifestation of the hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator as multiple-unit activity. Behaviors of OVX goats towards ovary-intact estrous goats were also examined before and at the end of DHT or T treatment. Before androgen treatment, neither the head nor rump skin samples in OVX goats showed pheromone activity. DHT treatment induced pheromone activity in the head skin sample of six OVX goats and in the rump skin sample of two OVX goats. Similar results were obtained by T treatment. In addition, OVX goats treated with T showed masculine-type sexual behaviors such as courtship and mounting behaviors towards the estrous goats. These results demonstrate that androgen is capable of inducing primer pheromone activity in the female and suggest that the synthesis pathway of the male effect pheromone exists in both sexes in the goat.  相似文献   

Cytogenetic analysis and developmental assessment of mouse embryos derived from in vitro fertilization of oocytes reconstructed by meiosis-II chromosome transplantation     

Mitsui A  Yoshizawa M 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(2):357-366

An electrofusion methodology for transferring meiosis-II chromosomes (M-II-t) has not been completely established. The present study compared the use of two temperatures (fusion at 37 C for Group A and 25 C for Group B) during an electrofusion procedure for mouse oocyte M-II-t and investigated the cytogenetic normality and developmental competence of embryos derived from in vitro fertilization using oocytes reconstructed by M-II-t. The M-II-t oocytes were fertilized in vitro and cultured to the blastocyst stage; the resultant embryos were analyzed cytogenetically. Subsequently, chromosomal normality of the resultant embryos at the prometaphase stage of first cleavage division and the integrity of the meiosis-II spindles of the reconstructed oocytes were analyzed. The success rate of electrofusion in Group B was 92.1%, which was significantly different from that in Group A (49.2%) (P<0.05). The fertilization rates (A, 80.7%; B, 77.2%) and development rates (A, 70.9%; B, 65.5%) in the M-II-t groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (95.0 and 92.2%, respectively) (P<0.05). The incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in the Group A embryos (20.5%) at the blastocyst stage was significantly higher than that in the control group embryos (8.5%) (P<0.05), but the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in Group B (12.5%) was not significantly different compared with the other groups. A temperature of 25 C during the electrofusion procedure for M-II-t resulted in a good fusion rate, good development rate, and efficient production of chromosomally normal blastocysts. Furthermore, the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in the first cleavage embryos at the prometaphase stage in Group B (9.6%) did not differ significantly from that in the control group (6.6%). The spindle morphology of the M-II-t oocytes in Group B was normal.  相似文献   

Oral administration of β-alanine modifies carnosine concentrations in the muscles and brains of chickens     

Shozo TOMONAGA  Yuji KAJI  Tetsuya TACHIBANA  D. Michael DENBOW  Mitsuhiro FURUSE 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(3):249-254

Carnosine, and its derivative anserine, are known to function as anti‐oxidants and putative neurotransmitters. They are especially rich in the breast muscle (Musculus pectoralis superficialis, MPS) of chickens. To clarify whether the concentrations of carnosine and anserine are altered by dietary management, the effect of oral administration of their constituent, β‐alanine (β‐Ala), was determined in the MPS and brains of chickens. Birds were orally administered β‐Ala (22 mmol/kg) twice a day for five consecutive days (from 2 to 6 days old). In the MPS, carnosine was increased by β‐Ala, whereas anserine and taurine were decreased. The concentrations of other free amino acids in the MPS were also modified by β‐Ala. In the brain, the oral administration of β‐Ala increased anserine and carnosine and decreased taurine, but caused no changes to other free amino acid concentrations. These results suggest that orally administered β‐Ala increases carnosine concentrations in both the MPS and brains of chickens. However, the effects of β‐Ala on other concentrations differ depending on the tissues.  相似文献   

Use of DNA array to screen blastocyst genes potentially involved in the process of murine implantation     

Qin J  Takahashi Y  Imai M  Yamamoto S  Takakura K  Noda Y  Imakawa K 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2003,49(6):473-484

  相似文献