Impact of climate change on maize yield in China from 1979 to 2016          下载免费PDF全文

Jian-zhai WU  Jing ZHANG  Zhang-ming GE  Li-wei XING  Shu-qing HAN  Chen SHEN  Fan-tao KONG 《农业科学学报》2021,20(1):289-299

Climate change severely impacts agricultural production, which jeopardizes food security. China is the second largest maize producer in the world and also the largest consumer of maize. Analyzing the impact of climate change on maize yields can provide effective guidance to national and international economics and politics. Panel models are unable to determine the group-wise heteroscedasticity, cross-sectional correlation and autocorrelation of datasets, therefore we adopted the feasible generalized least square(FGLS) model to evaluate the impact of climate change on maize yields in China from 1979–2016 and got the following results:(1) During the 1979–2016 period, increases in temperature negatively impacted the maize yield of China. For every 1°C increase in temperature, the maize yield was reduced by 5.19 kg 667 m–2(1.7%). Precipitation increased only marginally during this time, and therefore its impact on the maize yield was negligible. For every 1 mm increase in precipitation, the maize yield increased by an insignificant amount of 0.043 kg 667 m–2(0.014%).(2) The impacts of climate change on maize yield differ spatially, with more significant impacts experienced in southern China. In this region, a 1°C increase in temperature resulted in a 7.49 kg 667 m–2 decrease in the maize yield, while the impact of temperature on the maize yield in northern China was insignificant. For every 1 mm increase in precipitation, the maize yield increased by 0.013 kg 667 m–2 in southern China and 0.066 kg 667 m–2 in northern China.(3) The resilience of the maize crop to climate change is strong. The marginal effect of temperature in both southern and northern China during the 1990–2016 period was smaller than that for the 1979–2016 period.  相似文献   

‘哈伯’南天竹组织培养和快速繁殖     

张俊林  樊靖  胡玉春  杨浩  胡绍庆  沈柏春 《农学学报》2021,11(10):63-68

为建立‘哈伯’南天竹组织培养和种苗繁育技术体系,以半木质化带芽茎段为外植体材料开展植株再生研究。通过观察对比试验法、L₉(3⁴)正交试验设计完全随机法、极差分析、显著性检验、LSD多重比较,探讨了‘哈伯’南天竹组培的最适培养基配方。试验结果表明：最佳诱导培养基为MS + 6-BA 2.0 mg/L + IBA 0.1 mg/L +蔗糖30 g/L,诱导萌动率71.77%,成活率85.51%;最佳增殖培养基为WPM +6-BA 1.5 mg/L + IBA 0.01 mg/L + 蔗糖30 g/L,增殖系数6.3;最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS+ IBA 0.5 mg/L + NAA 1.0 mg/L + 蔗糖20 g/L + AC 0.2 g/L,生根率97.63%;试管苗移入泥炭土:珍珠岩=3:2(V/V)混合基质中,移栽成活率96.67%。该试验建立了高效稳定的组培快繁技术体系,得到的组培苗后代能够稳定的保持母本优良性状,为工厂化育苗提供了技术支撑。  相似文献   

Construction of Brucella abortus A19 VirB Promoter Deletion Strain and Study on Its Biological Characteristics     

DENG Xiaoyu  HE Jinke  YANG Qin  YI Jihai  WANG Yueli  XI Jing  WANG Zhen  CHEN Chuangfu 《中国畜牧兽医》2020,47(3):864-872

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茶树叶部害虫——茶橙瘿螨     

李红莉  崔宏春  毛宇骁  郑旭霞  黄海涛  赵芸 《中国茶叶》2021,(1):37-39

茶橙瘿螨是茶树上一种常见害螨,以成螨、幼螨和若螨刺吸茶树汁液为害茶树,减弱树势,对茶叶产量和品质产生影响。文章介绍了茶橙瘿螨的分布与为害、形态特征、发生规律和防治措施,以期为生产上该害虫的正确识别和有效防治提供参考。  相似文献   

不同杀青方式龙井茶自动化连续生产线加工工艺探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

金晶  邵宗清  张兰美 《茶叶》2017,43(3)

文章剖析了不同杀青方式龙井茶自动化连续生产线的设备配置和工艺流程,对生产线的龙井茶品质进行感官评价,为龙井茶生产线推广应用提供借鉴。  相似文献   

基施水溶肥对油白菜生长及经济效益的影响          下载免费PDF全文

李国山  李春玲  潘东生  崔银花 《农业工程》2020,10(7):105-107

为分析水溶肥作为基肥对油白菜生长和产量的影响，对武威清源镇井水灌溉区的油白菜进行施肥试验。结果表明，基施水溶肥（含Ca+Mg）可改善油白菜的株高、开展度、莲座直径、单株叶片数、叶片性状和叶绿色等性状，较空白对照组可增产108.1%，较常规施肥可增产12.1%，肥料投入产值比为1∶23.3，且施肥经济效益明显。研究结果可为基施水溶性肥对其他作物增产增效提供理论指导。   相似文献   

郁金香新品种‘黄玉’     

张艳秋  邢桂梅  张惠华  崔玥晗  鲁娇娇  吴天宇  屈连伟 《园艺学报》2020,47(Z2):3047-3048

‘黄玉’是从郁金香‘Golden Apeldoorn’的芽变中选育的新品种。株高37 cm，花单生于茎顶，鲜黄色，外轮花瓣外侧黄绿色。生育期75 d，盛花期13 d，花朵品质高，抗寒能力强，是优良的盆栽和园林绿化品种。  相似文献   

利用GGE双标图分析花生品质性状的基因型-环境互作     

崔顺立  何美敬§  侯名语  杨鑫雷  穆国俊  刘立峰 《中国油料作物学报》2021,43(4):617

花生品质性状的稳定性和基因型-环境互作研究，可为花生品质育种及不同生态区域花生品种的选择提供参考依据。本研究利用GGE-biplot工具，对我国黄淮海花生主产区16个花生品种两年间的品质性状进行了综合分析，包括含油量、油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸和蛋白质含量等。结果显示，5个品质性状均有较高的GGE总变异值（主成分因素PC1和PC2变异的总和），变幅在61.5%-79.9%之间，以含油量的GGE变异值最低，为61.5%，油酸含量的GGE变异值最高，为79.9%。16个花生品种2年间部分品质性状表现较为一致，其中濮花9519的含油量表型值波动最小，山花9号的亚油酸含量表型值波动最小，开农49是油酸含量表型值最为稳定的品种，天府23号是棕榈酸含量和蛋白质含量表型值最为稳定的品种。初步明确了徐州和濮阳分别适合高油花生和高油酸花生种植，确定了不同生态类型试点下较适合种植的品种，为花生品种推广应用提供了参考。  相似文献   

Screening and Verification of Low Nitrogen Tolerant and Nitrogen Sensitive Cotton Germplasm     

Wang Zhun  Zhang Hengheng  Dong Qiang  Gui Huiping  Wang Xiangru  Pang Nianchang  Li Yongnian  Niu Jing  Jin Dingsha  Wang Sujie  Zhang Xiling  Song Meizhen 《棉花学报》2021,32(6):538-551

[Objective] The aim of this study is to evaluate nitrogen efficient cotton germplasms and improve nitrogen use efficiency. [Method] Eighty cotton germplasms were selected and evaluated in the hydroponic experiment under low (0.25 mmol·L^－1) and high (5 mmol·L^－1) nitrogen concentration. Different traits for screening were identified and nitrogen use efficiency types were classified. Field experiments were also performed for comparison and confirmation of the identified germplasms. [Result] The results showed that there were significant differences in the total plant dry matter, shoot nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen absorption efficiency in cotton germplasms at the two nitrogen levels. Based on coefficient of variation, principal component analysis and correlation, six traits including total plant dry matter, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, total nitrogen accumulation, shoot nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen absorption efficiency were used as screening indicators. According to the Heatmap clustering analysis and the nitrogen efficiency comprehensive index, two germplasms (Lu05R59 and CCRI 69) were identified as low nitrogen tolerant and nitrogen efficient, and two germplasms (Coker 201 and Xinluzhong 30) as low nitrogen sensitive and nitrogen inefficient. The results of field experiment were consistent with the results of the hydroponic culture at the seedling stage. [Conclusion] It was finally determined that Lu05R59 and CCRI 69 were the low nitrogen tolerant and nitrogen efficient germplasms, and Coker 201 and Xinluzhong 30 were low nitrogen sensitive and nitrogen inefficient germplasms. The results of these studies provide the possibility for screening and rapid identification of nitrogen use efficiency in cotton at the seedling stage, and provide the ideal materials and theoretical basis for further study of cotton nitrogen efficient.  相似文献   

高职食品与药品类专业“基础化学”教学改革与实践     

宁波  胡■丹  崔珊珊  张栩  宋笛  耿敏 《农产品加工．学刊》2020,(4):110-111,114

“基础化学”理论和实验教学质量的“高与低”在一定程度上直接关乎高职院校与化学相近专业人才培养的“成与败”。以教学改革为切入点,在“基础化学”教材建设和系列微课的制作及应用2个维度上,探讨提升“基础化学”课程教学质量的具体措施。  相似文献