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【目的】鉴定与筛选18份国外棉花种质黄萎病抗性、农艺性状,为丰富新疆棉花资源库提供黄萎病抗性资源。【方法】2018、2019年调查棉花农艺性状、黄萎病发病,检测吐絮期测产、取样考种、纤维品质。对主要农艺性状进行方差、各指标相关性、病情指数聚类分析。【结果】18份国外种质均为中早熟性类型;均为中等株高;果枝始节差异不显著,黄萎病高抗株系占5.55%,抗病占27.77%,耐病占44.44%,感病占22.22%;病情指数除了与有效果枝、马克隆值呈正相关,与其余指标呈负相关。病情指数聚类为抗、耐、感病三类,其中,4号为高抗材料。【结论】抗病材料6份分别为2、4、6、9、11、16号,耐病材料8份分别为1、3、5、7、8、12、14、15号,感病材料4份分别为10、13、17、18号;籽棉产量较高材料5份分别为3、4、9、11、15号,纤维品质较优材料3份分别为1、9、11号;筛选出2份抗病高产优质种质资源为9号和11号。 相似文献
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【目的】研究陆地棉种质黄萎病抗性及生理鉴定,为棉花黄萎病抗性品种选育提供数据支持。【方法】以10份国外棉花种质(Gossypium hirsutum)为材料对室内盆栽棉花接种大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae Kleb),菌液浓度为107 CFU/mL,接菌14 d后,观察并记录表型发病情况;采用荧光定量PCR检测叶片的菌含量;测定棉花叶片的木质素、过氧化氢(H2O2)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、丙二醛(MDA)和脯氨酸(PRO)等生理生化指标,结合相关性、主成分、隶属函数和聚类分析等方法,综合评价棉花的5个生理指标抗性。【结果】03804、A-6、04841和05189发病较轻;03804和A-6病菌DNA含量最少;在病菌侵染过程中,这些品种对PAL、PRO、木质素等的依赖程度不同,呈现出品种间差异;当棉花受到V.dahliae侵染后,MDA与H2O2呈极显著正相关,与PAL和PRO呈极显著负相关;五项抗病指标通过简化得到2个主成分,贡献率分别为64.951... 相似文献
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Water saving and economic impacts of land leveling: the case study of cotton production in Tajikistan 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Iskandar Abdullaev Mehmood Ul Hassan Kahramon Jumaboev 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》2007,21(3-4):251-263
Water conservation is essential to prevent salinity and land degradation in Central Asia. Therefore, field-testing and evaluation of water conservation methods, i.e. laser land leveling in new farming systems of Central Asia is important task. This in mind the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) and its regional partner on IWRM FV (IWRM FV project – Integrated Water Resources Management in Ferghana Valley project is funded by Swiss Development Cooperation (SDC) and conducted jointly with IWMI and Scientific Information Center of Interstate Coordination Water Commission (SIC ICWC) in the Ferghana Valley of Central Asia) project SIC ICWC have conducted 3 year study of impacts of the Laser leveled land leveling on water use, productivity and crop yields in northern Tajikistan. The major research question was laser land leveling an effective water saving tool in the new context of land use and ownership on smaller private plots. Can farmers afford the costs of laser land leveling and how economically viable is it? These research questions were studied in 5 ha laser leveled and neighboring non-leveled (control) fields for 2004–2006. The results showed that laser land leveling can reduce the water application rate in 2004 by 593 M3/ha, in 2005 by 1509 M3/ha and in 2006 by 333 M3/ha in comparison with the unleveled field, located in the similar agro-ecological conditions. The deep percolation was 8% lower and run off 24% less than in non-leveled field. The average annual net income from the laser field was 22% higher than that from the control field. The gross margin from the laser-leveled field were 16. 88 and 171% higher compared to that from the control field for 2004, 2005 and 2006, and on average was 92% higher. In spite of these positive results, there are hindrances on wide application of laser land leveling in Tajikistan. These are absence of initial capital of farmers and scattered land location. 相似文献
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R. A. Abdullaev N. V. Alpatieva I. A. Zveinek B. A. Batasheva I. N. Anisimova E. E. Radchenko 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2017,43(2):99-103
The duration of the shooting–earing period of 265 barley samples from Dagestan was studied. During the 3 years of study at the Dagestan Experimental Station of VIR (Derbent), fast-ripening samples k-15008 and k-15013 were identified. Evaluation of spring forms in the northwestern region of the country made it possible to identify sample k-15027, which had a high rate of development over 2 years. It was found that Dagestan barleys are strongly influenced by growing conditions; that is, they have a high rate of response. Vernalization temperatures, short photoperiod, and high temperatures during the growing season contribute to fast barley ripening. Using molecular markers, the allelic diversity of genes Ppd-H1 and Ppd-H2, which are involved in the control of the duration of the shooting–earing period, was investigated. Most samples of local forms of barley carry dominant allele Ppd-H2, which causes early earing under short photoperiod. Translocation of the studied barley group to unusual conditions of northwest Russia leads to significant delay in plant development. 相似文献
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Jusipbek Kazbekov Iskandar Abdullaev Asad Qureshi 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(8):1259-1267
The primary objective of an irrigation organization is to provide efficient and effective management of water resources to achieve enhanced agricultural production. Performance assessment studies provide a tool to evaluate and promote this objective. The study examines the existing planning procedures and assesses irrigation performance of four Water User Associations (WUAs) located in Osh Province, Kyrgyzstan. Performance was evaluated using indicators of adequacy, efficiency, dependability and equity. Indicators were calculated for each irrigation season over the period 2003 to 2007. In general, all WUAs were found to be strong in terms of adequacy and efficiency standards. However, performance with respect to dependability and equity was poor. The results suggest that more effort is needed to improve temporal uniformity and equity in water distribution. In order to achieve this, estimations of irrigation requirements by WUA managers needs to be improved and mechanisms developed to request water in quantities, which are needed to maintain equity across the WUA outlets and among water users. The study concludes that the establishment of WUAs in Kyrgyzstan has helped to address the problem of water distribution and allocation among a large number of farmers. However, further training of farmers and managers is required to build their capacity to share water and ensure equity among users particularly during periods of less than optimal water supply. The findings of this research suggest that application of a pre-determined set of indicators can be a useful and cost effective tool to measure the performance of WUAs. This is particularly important for Central Asia where the performance of the recently established and state initiated WUAs to replace former collective farms is now a key element in future sustainable water management. The study identified uncertainties in the estimation of WUA water demands based on previous methods and suggests more attention and care required in calculating water requirements. 相似文献
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[目的]为中国棉花种质资源工作者提供丰富的乌兹别克斯坦的棉花种质资源收集情况.[方法]总结全球的棉花种质资源现状,详细说明乌兹别克斯坦种质资源收集历史、过程及当前面临的挑战.[结果]全面收集分析全球主要种质资源中心的种质资源,特别是乌兹别克斯坦种质资源收集;从种质资源收集的历史、保存、交换、使用及当前种质资源收集所面临的问题等角度出发,探讨乌兹别克斯坦在种质资源研究方面的宝贵经验.[结论]乌兹别克斯坦拥有大量的棉花种质资源和棉花育种家种质资源创新经验. 相似文献
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Iskandar Abdullaev Jusipbek Kazbekov Kahramon Jumaboev 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(2):317-329
After the independence of Central Asian countries, many international projects have been launched to promote water users’ inclusion into the water management at different levels. The aim of such projects is to achieve sustainable water management through inclusion of interests of different groups on day-to-day water management. Although IWRM in Central Asia has been already promoted for a decade, there are only a few examples of the implementation in real life situations.The Integrated Water Resources Management in Ferghana Valley (IWRM FV) is a pilot project on implementing integrated water resources management elements at the main canal levels and below. The experience gained from IWRM FV project and lessons learnt could be useful for the national and international organizations for their future work on IWRM implementation at the different regions of Central Asia.IWRM FV project has been active since 2001 in the Ferghana Valley, one of the largest irrigated areas of Central Asia. The project has promoted and implemented participatory irrigation management for three pilot canals. This paper presents the process of implementation and some preliminary outcomes of the IWRM VF project. 相似文献
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