Chemical authentication of extra virgin olive oil varieties by supervised chemometric procedures.     

Remo Bucci  Andrea D Magrí  Antonio L Magrí  Domenico Marini  Federico Marini 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(3):413-418

This work has focused on discriminating extra virgin olive oils from Sabina (Lazio, Italy) by olive fruit variety (cultivar). A set of oils from five of the most widespread cultivars (Carboncella, Frantoio, Leccino, Moraiolo, and Pendolino) in this geographical area was analyzed for chemical composition using only the Official Analytical Methods, recognized for the quality control and commercial classification of this product. The obtained data set was converted into a computer-compatible format, and principal component analysis (PCA) and a method based on the Fisher F ratio were used to reduce the number of variables without a significant loss of chemical information. Then, to differentiate these samples, two supervised chemometric procedures were applied to process the experimental data: linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and artificial neural network (ANN) using the back-propagation algorithm. It was found that both of these techniques were able to generalize and correctly predict all of the samples in the test set. However, these results were obtained using 10 variables for LDA and 6 (the major fatty acid percentages, determined by a single gas chromatogram) for ANN, which, in this case, appears to provide a better prediction ability and a simpler chemical analysis. Finally, it is pointed out that, to achieve the correct authentication of all samples, the selected training set must be representative of the whole data set.  相似文献   

Cardiac troponins in canine babesiosis     

Lobetti R  Dvir E  Pearson J 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2002,16(1):63-68

This study compared the sensitivity of ECG and cardiac troponins to predict cardiac histopathological changes, clinical severity, and survival in canine babesiosis. One control group (n = 9) and 4 groups of dogs with mild uncomplicated babesiosis (n = 8), severe uncomplicated babesiosis (n = 9), complicated babesiosis (n = 8), and babesiosis and concurrent immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) (n = 9) were studied. A 1-minute lead II ECG was recorded, and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and T (cTnT) concentrations in plasma were measured. cTnI concentrations were significantly higher in the complicated (mean, 9.9; SE, +/-5.76) and concurrent IMHA (mean, 6.53; SE, +/-4.32) groups and in the 3 dogs that died of the disease (mean, 22.17; SE, +/-12.85) than in the control dogs (concentration below detection limit of test, -0.3 ng/mL). The 3 nonsurvivors had the most severe cardiac histopathological changes, but no arrhythmia and minimal other ECG changes. Dogs with babesiosis developed a variety of ECG abnormalities, but the abnormalities were not associated with disease severity, outcome, or plasma cardiac troponin concentrations. The exception was the presence of ventricular premature complexes (VPCs), which were associated with high cardiac troponin concentrations. This study showed an association between cTnI concentration and histological changes, clinical severity, and survival and no correlation between ECG abnormalities and histological changes or biochemical evidence of myocardial damage as reflected by cTnI concentrations. From this study, it was concluded that the analysis of plasma cTnI is a feasible and sensitive test and is superior to cTnT in diagnosing cardiac involvement in dogs with babesiosis.  相似文献   

Vitamin E Biochemistry and Function: A Case Study in Male Rabbit     

C Castellini  E Mourvaki  A Dal Bosco  F Galli 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(3):248-256

Vitamin E supplementation has become a common procedure to promote growth and health and improve the qualitative characteristics of farm animals. It has been demonstrated to be an efficient strategy for improving their reproductive function. Germ cells are particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage and may thus require additional antioxidant protection. The aim of this review is to give a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of the biochemistry and physiology of vitamin E; successively, the effect of this compound on the reproductive activity of rabbit buck is accurately described. In particular, this review examines studies on the effects of animal age, dose and duration of vitamin E supplementation, as well as the co-supplementation with selenium, vitamin C and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Several investigations have shown beneficial effects in bucks supplemented with vitamin E levels higher than the standard dietary requirement (50 mg/kg) particularly when the semen is stored. However, the exact dietary intake of vitamin E should be decided according to specific tissue needs for the individual vitamin E forms and the specific saturation markers.  相似文献   

RADIOGRAPHIC ASPECTS OF Pneumocystis carinii PNEUMONIA IN THE MINIATURE DACHSHUND     

Robert M.  Kirberger  MMedVet  Remo G.  Lobetti  MMedVet 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1998,39(4):313-317

The thoracic radiographic changes of Pneumocystis carinii in 7 miniature Dachshunds were reviewed. The dogs were 7–12 months old and presented with polypnea, exercise intolerance and clinical signs suggestive of immune-incompetence. P. carinii pneumonia was diagnosed in all the dogs using transtracheal aspirate cytology and confirmed at postmortem in 3 dogs that died. Radiographically, diffuse pulmonary changes were present and varied from a mild interstitial and bronchial pattern to an alveolar pattern. Radiographic evidence of cor pulmonale was present in 1 dog. The most severe radiographic changes were seen in 2 of the dogs that died.  相似文献   

Alpine and Apennine barriers determining the differentiation of the rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus L.) in the Italian peninsula     

F. Stefani  P. Galli  G. Crosa  S. Zaccara  D. Calamari 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2004,13(3):168-175

Abstract –  A phylogeographic study of rudd Scardinius erythrophthalmus L. (Pisces: cyprinidae) was addressed to determine the differentiation of Italian populations in relation to the presence of mountain barriers, which identify two biogeographic districts (Padano-Venetian, Tuscano-Latium). At this scope, 409 bp long sequences of mtDNa cytochrome b gene were obtained from Italian and central European samples. Italian rudds phylogeny showed low level of divergence which although resulted from the central European haplotypes. The genetic structure of haplotypes in the studied districts revealed a significant recent fragmentation event. The Padano-Venetian populations showed patterns of past range expansion caused by the specie dispersion by river connections occurred during Pleistocene. This pattern provides evidence for (i) the role of Alps as a barrier for rudd dispersion; (ii) a significant genetic structure among the studied districts related to recent isolation events by the Apennine barrier; (iii) the role of Pleistocene sea level variations in determining phylogeography of the Padano-Venetian populations.  相似文献   

Oxygen consumption and ventilatory reflex responses are influenced by dietary lipids in sturgeon     

D.J. McKenzie  G. Piraccini  N. Papini  C. Galli  P. Bronzi  C.G. Bolis  E.W. Taylor 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1997,16(5):365-379

The effects of one year's feeding with diets enriched either in highly unsaturated fatty acids of the w3 series (w3 HUFA) (fish oil-supplemented diet, FOD) or in saturated fatty acids (SFA) (coconut oil-supplemented diet, COD) on fatty acid composition of tissue lipids, on patterns of resting oxygen consumption and on responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia were investigated in the Adriatic sturgeon (Acipenser naccarii). FOD sturgeon had higher levels of w3 HUFA in liver and muscle lipids than COD fish, which had higher levels of SFA. A frequency distribution of instantaneous oxygen uptake rates (M]O2), as measured every 10 min for 8 h, revealed a different pattern of resting oxygen consumption between the two groups. The FOD sturgeon consumed oxygen in a narrow range of low rates, with a lower mean M]O2 than COD sturgeon, which showed a wide range of more elevated rates. FOD sturgeon had a lower opercular pressure amplitude than COD fish in normoxia. Exposure to three levels of hypoxia PO2s = 10.8±0.2; 6.6±0.2 and 4.6±0.2 kPa) or mild hypercapnia (PCO2 = 1.0±0.2 kPa) did not affect ventilation in FOD fish but elicited hyperventilation in COD animals. Mild hypoxia (PO2 = 10.8±0.2 kPa) and hypercapnia caused less reduction in blood oxygen content in FOD as compared with COD sturgeon. The effects of adding vitamin E supplements to the diets was investigated; groups fed vitamin E supplements had elevated M]O2 and hyperventilated in hypoxia. The data indicate that dietary fatty acid composition influences resting M]O2 in sturgeon and that this influences the regulation of ventilation and blood O2 levels in hypoxia and hypercapnia. The low resting M]O2 of fish fed w3 HUFA supplements (the FOD group) obviated the need for hyperventilation in hypoxia or hypercapnia, thereby making them less sensitive to these stresses than sturgeon fed SFA (COD group) or sturgeon fed either diet supplemented with vitamin E. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

意大利冷冻精液质量的官方监控   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

荩褒  Galli Andrea  周瑞君 《中国奶牛》2002,(3)

１９９１年１月１５日，意大利政府公布了动物生产法，即法律３０（legge３０），全面介绍了动物生殖细胞生产中心应具备的条件、建立养殖场的要求和动物繁殖的规章制度。１９９４年１月１３日，意大利农业部依据法律３０发布了第１７２号部长令，详细说明了自然交配、人工授精和胚胎移植的规章制度。部长令规定，意大利任何冻精生产中心（简称中心）生产的冻精或从国外引入的冻精，必须至少取出精液生产批次１０％的样品，进行官方检测。司拜伦谨尼研究所（简称研究所）是意大利农业部委托的唯一的执行机构，检测的最后结果是：比较研究所…  相似文献   

Role of EDEM in the release of misfolded glycoproteins from the calnexin cycle   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Molinari M  Calanca V  Galli C  Lucca P  Paganetti P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5611):1397-1400

The mechanisms that determine how folding attempts are interrupted to target folding-incompetent proteins for endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) are poorly defined. Here the alpha-mannosidase I-like protein EDEM was shown to extract misfolded glycoproteins, but not glycoproteins undergoing productive folding, from the calnexin cycle. EDEM overexpression resulted in faster release of folding-incompetent proteins from the calnexin cycle and earlier onset of degradation, whereas EDEM down-regulation prolonged folding attempts and delayed ERAD. Up-regulation of EDEM during ER stress may promote cell recovery by clearing the calnexin cycle and by accelerating ERAD of terminally misfolded polypeptides.  相似文献   

Sterol precursors of cholesterol in adult human brain     

G Galli  E G Paoletti  J F Weiss 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1968,162(861):1495-1496

Adult human brain contains cholestanol and two series of cholesterol precursors having 30, 29, 28, and 27 carbon atoms; one has an unsaturated steroid nucleus, and the other is unsaturated in both nucleus and side chain. The ability of preparations of brain to incorporate a specific precursor into cholesterol, as well as into these sterol metabolites in vitro, indicates that cholesterol synthesis continues long after brain maturation ceases.  相似文献   

Synthesis of some 3-phenyl-1-substituted(or 1,1- disubstituted)prop-2-yn-1-ols and their in-vivo activity against some phytopathogenic fungi     

Anna Arnoldi  Eliseo Betto  Gandolfina Farina  Attilio Formigoni  Remo Galli  Alberto Griffini 《Pest management science》1982,13(6):670-678

Thirty-two 3-phenyl-1-monosubstituted(or 1, 1-disubstituted)prop-2-yn-1-ols, mostly with heterocyclic substituents, and four derivatives, were synthesised and tested in vivo against eight fungal plant pathogens of different taxonomic classes. No compound showed a wide spectrum of activity, however, nine of them were effective against Sphaerotheca fuliginea on Cucumis sativus, both in direct protectant tests and in systemic protectant tests by root application.  相似文献